{"title":"Philosophy","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"thus-spake-zarathustra","title":"Thus Spake Zarathustra","description":"A tremendously influential philosophical work of the late nineteenth century, Thus Spake Zarathustra is also a literary masterpiece by one of the most important thinkers of modern times. In it, the ancient Persian religious leader Zarathustra (or Zoroaster) serves as the voice for Friedrich Nietzsche's views, which include the introduction of the controversial doctrine of the Übermensch, or \"superman.\" Although later perverted by Nazi propagandists, the Übermensch was conceived by Nietzsche to designate the ultimate goal of human existence as the achievement of greatness of will and being. He was convinced that the individual, instead of resigning himself to the weakness of being human and worshipping perfection only possible in the next world (at least in the Christian view), should try to perfect himself during his earthly existence, and transcend the limitations of conventional morality. By doing so, the Übermensch would emerge victorious, standing in stark contrast to \"the last man\" — an uncreative conformist and complacent hedonist who embodies Nietzsche's critique of modern civilization, morality, and the Christian religion. Written in a passionate, quasi-biblical style, Thus Spake Zarathustra is daring in form and filled with provocative, thought-provoking concepts. Today, the work is regarded as a forerunner of modern existentialist thought, a book that has provoked and stimulated students of philosophy and literature for more than 100 years.","brand":"Dover Publications","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":44458479190113,"sku":"9780486115603","price":2.25,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_c743cf98-6673-4ba6-b743-3431d91dda01.jpg?v=1778567959"},{"product_id":"representation-in-mind-new-approaches-to-mental-representation-1","title":"Representation in Mind: New Approaches to Mental Representation","description":"'Representation in Mind' is the first book in the new series 'Perspectives on Cognitive Science' and includes well known contributors in the areas of philosophy of mind, psychology and cognitive science.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe papers in this volume offer new ideas, fresh approaches and new criticisms of old ideas. The papers deal in new ways with fundamental questions concerning the problem of mental representation that one contributor, Robert Cummins, has described as \"THE problem in philosophy of mind for some time now\". The editors' introductory overview considers the problem for which mental representation has been seen as an answer, sketching an influential framework, outlining some of the issues addressed and then providing an overview of the papers. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIssues include: the relation between mental representation and public, non-mental representation; misrepresentation; the role of mental representations in intelligent action; the relation between representation and consciousness; the relation between folk psychology and explanations invoking mental representations","brand":"Elsevier S \u0026 T","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":44508101312609,"sku":"9780080443942","price":46.75,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_72c9c4e2-9d76-4a4a-954a-f182107943c3.jpg?v=1778631617"},{"product_id":"a-psychological-approach-to-ethical-reality","title":"A Psychological Approach to Ethical Reality","description":"The pre-eminent 19th century British ethicist, Henry Sidgwick  once said:\u003cbr\u003e \"All important ethical notions are also psychological, except perhaps the fundamental antitheses of 'good' and 'bad' and 'wrong', with which psychology, as it treats of what is and not of what ought to be, is not directly concerned\" (quoted in T.N. Tice and T.P. Slavens, 1983).  \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSidgwick's statement can be interpreted to mean that psychology is relevant for ethics or that psychological knowledge contributes to the construction of an ethical reality. This interpretation serves as the basic impetus to this book, but Sidgwick's statement is also analyzed in detail to demonstrate why a current exposition on the relevance of psychology for ethical reality is necessary and germane. \u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Elsevier S \u0026 T","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":44517843894369,"sku":"9780444506399","price":64.75,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_be10492d-caff-4382-b819-d5117657816f.jpg?v=1778719193"},{"product_id":"free-will-the-basics","title":"Free Will: The Basics","description":"The issue of whether humans are free to make their own decisions has long been debated, and it continues to be controversial today. In Free Will: The Basics Meghan Griffith provides a clear and accessible introduction to this important but challenging philosophical problem. She addresses the questions central to the topic including: Does free will exist, or is it illusory? Can we be free even if everything is determined by a chain of causes? If our actions are not determined, does this mean they are just random or a matter of luck? In order to have the kind of freedom required for moral responsibility, must we have alternatives? What can recent developments in science tell us about the existence of free will? These questions are discussed without prejudicing one view over others, and all technical terminology is clearly explained. This second edition has been revised and updated throughout, with the addition of new sections on dispositionalism, free will as self-organization, and situationism in psychology. Up-to-date suggestions for further reading and a glossary are also included, making Free Will: The Basics an ideal introduction for anyone coming to the subject for the first time.","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":45972846018657,"sku":"9780429648533","price":12.25,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_64a78a27-897a-4cb4-8e5c-b4046a9702f3.jpg?v=1783341275"},{"product_id":"emotion-the-basics","title":"Emotion: The Basics","description":"While human beings might be rational animals, they are emotional animals as well. Emotions play a central role in all areas of our lives and if we are to have a proper understanding of human life and activity, we ought to have a good grasp of the emotions. Michael S. Brady structures Emotion: The Basics around two basic, yet fundamental, questions: What are emotions? And what do emotions do? In answering these questions Brady provides insight into a core component of all our lives, covering: the nature of emotion; emotion, knowledge, and understanding; emotion and action; emotions and social groups; emotion, morality, and art. In this concise and insightful introduction, Brady explains why we are often better off as a result of emotion rather than reason being in the driving seat, as our lives, both individual and social, would be significantly impoverished without the emotions. With a glossary of key terms and suggestions for further reading, Emotion: The Basics is an ideal starting point for anyone seeking a full introduction to the philosophical study of emotion.","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":45972846280801,"sku":"9780429655883","price":12.0,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_0dbe3b7f-a001-47cb-8dcf-aa0bb767580f.jpg?v=1783341308"},{"product_id":"causation-the-basics","title":"Causation: The Basics","description":"Causation: The Basics explores questions about what causes are, and how we come to know them, describe them, and put them to use. The book begins with an introduction to the history of philosophical thinking about causation, followed by a series of chapters introducing important contemporary accounts of causation. It concludes with chapters on causation and agency, causal discovery, and causal explanation. Key questions explored in the book include: What distinguishes correlation from causation? How are the causes of singular events related to more general patterns of cause and effect? How are commonsense, scientific, and legal conceptions of causation related? Can certain occurrences be singled out as the main or principle causes of some effect? Is there a place in the world’s causal structure for human agency and free will? While introducing the major philosophical debates about the nature of causation, Causation: The Basics emphasizes the uses and challenges of causal reasoning as it occurs in the sciences, engineering, medicine, and other areas of human life. With a glossary of key terms and suggestions for further reading, the book provides readers with a clear and concise introduction to both theoretical and practical questions about causation.","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":45972846870625,"sku":"9781003854050","price":10.75,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_504c1445-1a0a-4f8d-9b13-f34b67518eab.jpg?v=1783341384"},{"product_id":"skepticism-the-basics","title":"Skepticism: The Basics","description":"This book introduces students and other interested readers to the philosophical study of skepticism, a central and long-standing subject in philosophy. The first three chapters cover knowledge, providing the necessary foundation for introducing skepticism in the book's final three chapters. Throughout, the volume addresses basic questions in these two areas, such as: What are the differences between the three types of knowledge: direct knowledge, knowledge by ability, and propositional knowledge? What is the Gettier problem and why does it resist easy solutions? Why do philosophers still talk about René Descartes’ techniques for raising doubts about what we can know but have largely forgotten Descartes’ attempts to answer these doubts? How do we know that we’re not just brains in a vat? Is Pyrrhonian skepticism—the idea that we know absolutely nothing—ultimately self-refuting? With a glossary of key terms and suggestions for further reading, Skepticism: The Basics is an ideal starting point for anyone seeking a lively and accessible foray into the study of epistemology. Key Features and Benefits: Cover both traditional topics – like the tripartite conception of knowledge – and emerging issues, like knowledge-first epistemology and concessive responses to inductive skepticism Demystifies an area where beginners frequently get stuck: the difference between common-sense skepticism and philosophical skepticism Clearly explains the important contributions from historical and contemporary thinkers, like Descartes, Hume, Popper, Quine, Dretske, Strawson, Nozick, and Sosa","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":45972848279649,"sku":"9781000568233","price":10.75,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_ced85db0-612d-4efa-87e1-2480110886e2.jpg?v=1783341418"},{"product_id":"food-ethics-the-basics","title":"Food Ethics: The Basics","description":"Food Ethics: The Basics is a concise yet comprehensive introduction to the ethical dimensions of the production and consumption of food. 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This second edition has been revised and updated throughout, not only to take in the latest empirical and policy information, but also to address the impact of major issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, AI and machine learning, and the rapid growth of the \"gig economy.\" Using extensive data and real-world examples, as well as providing suggestions for further reading, Food Ethics: The Basics is an ideal introduction for anyone interested in the ethics of food.","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":45972848738401,"sku":"9781000927023","price":10.75,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_7ee0d5b4-7e4c-4c6d-8fb0-2154354ee5f0.jpg?v=1783341475"},{"product_id":"stoic-ethics-the-basics","title":"Stoic Ethics: The Basics","description":"At a time of unprecedented interest in Stoicism, this book offers a comprehensive introduction to Stoic ethics for students and for readers interested in Stoic life-guidance. It combines an explanation of the main philosophical ideas in ancient Stoic ethics by Christopher Gill with discussion of how to put these ideas into practice in our own lives by Brittany Polat. The first seven chapters examine central Stoic ethical claims and the questions raised by their claims, including: Why does our happiness in life depend solely on virtue? Is ethics grounded on nature; and, if so, does this mean human nature or the natural world? What is the connection between gaining ethical understanding and relating properly to other people? What counts as right action and how do we learn to make good decisions? What is the proper place of emotion in the good life? The two final chapters discuss the significance of these Stoic ideas for modern thought, especially for virtue ethics and environmental ethics, and the Stoic contribution to guidance on living. With a glossary of key terms and suggestions for further reading, Stoic Ethics: The Basics is an ideal starting point for anyone looking for an accessible and lively explanation of Stoic ideas and their implications for practical living.","brand":"Taylor \u0026 Francis","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":45972849754209,"sku":"9781040113790","price":10.75,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_22a4604c-5e52-4ab2-b3a0-f45ef9915c46.jpg?v=1783341532"},{"product_id":"political-philosophy-the-basics","title":"Political Philosophy: The Basics","description":"This book offers an introduction to political philosophy, the study of the role of government in our lives. It discusses what political philosophy is about, its most important and enduring questions, and how to do political philosophy well. 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