{"product_id":"a-new-ecology-systems-perspective","title":"A New Ecology: Systems Perspective","description":"\u003cb\u003eA New Ecology\u003c\/b\u003e presents an ecosystem theory based on the following ecosystem properties: physical openness, ontic openness, directionality, connectivity, a complex dynamic for growth and development, and a complex dynamic response to disturbances. Each of these properties is developed in detail to show that these basic and characteristic properties can be applied to explain a wide spectrum of ecological obsevations and convections. It is also shown that the properties have application for environmental management and for assessment of ecosystem health.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e* Demonstrates an ecosystem theory that can be applied to explain ecological observations and rules\u003cbr\u003e* Presents an ecosystem theory based upon a systems approach\u003cbr\u003e* Discusses an ecosystem theory that is based on a few basic properties that are characteristic for ecosystmes","brand":"Elsevier S \u0026 T","offers":[{"title":"perpetual","offer_id":45401572704353,"sku":"9780444531605","price":66.75,"currency_code":"KWD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0268\/9869\/4241\/files\/480_7fbe8e6f-c54d-4636-8aa1-ad00bcc147a6.jpg?v=1782342028","url":"https:\/\/ebooks.aafaqeducation.com\/products\/a-new-ecology-systems-perspective","provider":"ebook.aafaqeducation","version":"1.0","type":"link"}