Elsevier S & T

Advances in Clinical Chemistry

Makowski, Gregory

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Table of contents
  • Contentsv
  • Contributorsix
  • Prefacexi
  • Chapter 1: Caspases in Myocardial Infarction1
  • 1. Abstract1
  • 2. Introduction2
  • 3. Apoptosis and the Heart3
  • 4. Caspases3
  • 5. Activation of Caspases4
  • 5.1. Extrinsic (Death Receptor) Pathway of Caspase Activation5
  • 5.2. Intrinsic (Mitochondrial) Pathway of Caspase Activation5
  • 6. Activation of Caspases in the Heart5
  • 7. Functional Significance of Caspases6
  • 7.1. Role of Caspases During Embryonal Development6
  • 7.2. Role of EVector Caspases During Apoptosis7
  • 8. Caspases for Detection of Apoptosis9
  • 8.1. Techniques for Detection of Caspases9
  • 8.2. Comparison of Techniques for Detection of Caspases to TUNEL Method10
  • 9. Apoptosis and Caspases in MI11
  • 9.1. Morphological Features of Apoptotic Cardiomyocytes12
  • 10. Apoptosis of Cardiomyocytes in Ventricular Remodeling After MI14
  • 11. Apoptosis of Other Cell Types in the Evolution of Fibrous Scar15
  • 12. Anti-Caspase Treatment18
  • 13. Conclusion23
  • References23
  • Chapter 2: Deamidated Gliadin Peptides as Targets for Celiac Disease-Specific Antibodies35
  • Abbreviations35
  • 1. Abstract36
  • 2. Introduction36
  • 3. Prolamins as Cereal Storage Proteins37
  • 4. Pathogenesis of CD38
  • 5. Serological Diagnosis of CD42
  • 6. Gliadin Antibodies of CD Patients Recognize Deamidated Gliadin45
  • 7. Enhanced Diagnostic Potential of Glutamine-Glutamic Acid Substituted Gliadin-Analogous Peptides47
  • 8. Does Epitope Specificity of Gliadin Antibodies of CD Patients Mirror Substrate Specificity of tTG49
  • 9. Relation Between B- and T-Cell Epitopes of Gliadin51
  • 10. Conclusions52
  • References53
  • Chapter 3: Urokinase Receptor Variants in Tissue and Body Fluids65
  • Abbreviations65
  • 1. Abstract66
  • 2. Introduction67
  • 2.1. Full-Length, Glycolipid-Anchored uPAR, uPAR(I-III)68
  • 2.2. Cleavage of uPAR(I–III)70
  • 2.3. Shedding of uPAR Forms75
  • 3. Monoclonal Antibodies to uPAR77
  • 4. Immunoassays for the Quantification of uPAR79
  • 5. uPAR in Cancer82
  • 5.1. Breast Cancer82
  • 5.2. Colorectal Cancer85
  • 5.3. Lung Cancer86
  • 5.4. Prostate Cancer87
  • 5.5. Gynecologic Cancer88
  • 5.6. Leukemia89
  • 6. Other Diseases91
  • 7. Conclusions and Perspectives91
  • Acknowledgements92
  • Refenences93
  • Chapter 4: Proteomics in Cancer103
  • 1. Abstract104
  • 2. Introduction104
  • 2.1. Clinical Background for Proteomic Studies in Cancer105
  • 3. Sampling for Proteomic Analysis106
  • 3.1. Cell Lines106
  • 3.2. Whole Tissue Biopsies107
  • 3.3. Purified Tumor Cells107
  • 3.4. Body Fluids108
  • 4. Proteomic Technologies Used in Cancer Proteomics110
  • 4.1. 2D-PAGE111
  • 4.2. Differential In-Gel Electrophoresis111
  • 4.3. Isotope-Coded Affinity Tagging and Amino Acid-Coded Mass Tagging111
  • 4.4. Gel-Free Technologies112
  • 4.5. Targeted Glycoproteomics113
  • 4.6. Reverse-Phase Protein Arrays-Based Studies113
  • 4.7. Antibody-Based Proteomic Studies113
  • 4.8. Combinatorial Beads114
  • 5. Proteomic Applications in Cancer114
  • 5.1. Expression Proteomic Studies114
  • 5.2. Functional Proteomic Studies124
  • 6. What Has Been Achieved in Cancer Proteomics?127
  • 6.1. Understanding Cancer127
  • 6.2. Screening and Diagnosis128
  • 6.3. Prognosis129
  • 6.4. Therapy129
  • 7. Conclusion133
  • References134
  • Chapter 5: Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes And Onconeural Antibodies: Clinical And Immunologic143
  • 1. Abstract144
  • 2. Introduction144
  • 3. Onconeural Antigens148
  • 4. Paraneoplastic Syndromes of the CNS149
  • 4.1. Paraneoplastic Encephalomyelitis149
  • 4.2. Focal Encephalitis150
  • 4.3. Extrapyramidal Disorders151
  • 4.4. Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration152
  • 4.5. Paraneoplastic Opsoclonus–Myoclonus153
  • 4.6. Visual Syndromes153
  • 4.7. Spinal Cord Disorders154
  • 4.8. Stiff-Person Syndrome154
  • 5. PNS of the Peripheral Nervous System155
  • 5.1. Sensory Neuronopathy155
  • 5.2. Autonomic Neuropathy156
  • 5.3. Acute and Chronic Sensory and Motor Neuropathies156
  • 5.4. Neuropathy Associated with Paraproteinemic Disorders158
  • 6. Paraneoplastic Nervous System Syndromes of the Neuromuscular Junction159
  • 7. Diagnosis of Paraneoplastic Nervous System Syndromes159
  • 7.1. Diagnostic Criteria159
  • 7.2. Paraclinical Investigations161
  • 7.3. Detection of Onconeural Antibodies162
  • 7.4. Seronegative Paraneoplastic Nervous System Syndromes164
  • 8. Pathogenesis of Paraneoplastic Nervous System Syndromes165
  • 8.1. Tumors165
  • 8.2. Humoral Immune Response166
  • 8.3. Cellular Immune Response168
  • 9. Therapy for Paraneoplastic Nervous System Syndromes170
  • 10. Future Aspects172
  • References172
  • Chapter 6: Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Angiogenesis187
  • Abbreviations188
  • 1. Abstract188
  • 2. Introduction189
  • 2.1. Angiogenesis, Vasculogenesis, and Lymphangiogenesis.189
  • 2.2. Beneficial and Harmful Angiogenesis190
  • 3. Measuring the Angiogenic Process191
  • 3.1. Quantity Vs Quality of Angiogenesis192
  • 4. Endothelial Cells and the Initiation of Angiogenesis193
  • 4.1. VEGF as A Prototypical Direct-Acting Angiogenic Factor193
  • 4.2. VEGF and Its Receptors195
  • 4.3. VEGF Signal Transduction During Angiogenesis196
  • 4.4. Autocrine Production of Angiogenic Factors by Endothelial Cells198
  • 5. Differential Angiogenic Pathways198
  • 5.1. Angiogenic Factor Expression in Malignant Tumors198
  • 5.2. Consequences of DiVerential Angiogenesis in Tumors.199
  • 5.3. Host Tissue Angiogenic Responses.200
  • 5.4. Vascular Phenotype201
  • 5.5. Plasticity of Angiogenic Pathways201
  • 6. Impact of the Vessel's Environment on Angiogenesis204
  • 7. Angiogenesis Biomarkers for Assessing Human Disease205
  • 7.1. Vascular Density206
  • 7.2. Imaging206
  • 7.3. Angiogenic Factor Expression208
  • 7.4. Circulating Biomarkers208
  • 8. Therapeutic Targeting of Angiogenesis210
  • 9. Conclusion211
  • References212
  • Chapter 7: Bikunin (Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor): Structure, Biological Relevance, And Measurement223
  • Abbreviations224
  • 1. Abstract224
  • 2. Introduction225
  • 2.1. Protein Synthesis and Release225
  • 2.2. Molecular Structure228
  • 3. Roles in Biological Processes230
  • 3.1. Role in Inflammation230
  • 3.2. Bik in Cell Signaling232
  • 3.3. Bik in Apoptosis233
  • 4. Diagnostic Testing233
  • 5. Pathophysiology of Bik235
  • 5.1. Normal Populations235
  • 5.2. Pregnancy235
  • 5.3. Infection235
  • 5.4. Cancer237
  • 5.5. Surgery237
  • 5.6. Kidney Diseases237
  • 5.7. Vascular Disease and Coagulation238
  • 5.8. Diabetes239
  • 6. Summary240
  • References240
  • Chapter 8: Gene Expression Assays247
  • 1. Abstract248
  • 2. Introduction248
  • 3. The Technology250
  • 3.1. Manufacturing Arrays250
  • 3.2. Laser Capture Microdisection and Linear Amplification of RNA252
  • 3.3. Hybridization and Data Analysis254
  • 3.4. Limitations256
  • 4. Gene Expression Assays in Cancer256
  • 4.1. Gene Expression Assays in Breast Cancer257
  • 4.2. Gene Expression Assays in Other Cancers263
  • 4.3. Considerations When Comparing Array Studies263
  • 5. Applications of Arrays to Neurological Disorders265
  • 5.1. Huntington’s Disease265
  • 5.2. Multiple Sclerosis270
  • 5.3. Alzheimer’s Disease271
  • 5.4. Motor Neuron Disease274
  • 5.5. Expression Profiling Other Neurological Disorders277
  • 6. Application of Microarrays to Neuropsychiatric Disorders277
  • 6.1. Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder278
  • 6.2. Major Depressive Disorder281
  • 7. Future Advances281
  • References282
  • Index293
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780123737045
  • ISBN-13 9780080548296
  • Author Makowski, Gregory
  • Category Science
  • Subject Clinical

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Description eBook delivery & access Reviews
Volume forty-four of the Advances in Clinical Chemistry series contains review articles of wide interest to clinical laboratory scientists and diagnostic adventurers. Articles in this volume cover such topics as Caspases in Myocardial Infarction; Deamidated Gliadin Peptides as Targets for Celiac Disease Specific Antibodies; Urokinase Receptor Variants in Tissue and Body Fluids; Proteomics in Cancer; Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Oncnerual Antibodies: Clinical and Immunological Aspects; Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Angiogenesis; Bikunin (Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor): Structure, Biological Relevance and Measurement; and Gene Expression Assays.