Advances in Ecological Research: The ecological consequences of global climate change
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Table of contents
- Copyrightiv
- Contributors to Volume 22v
- Prefacevii
- Contentsix
- Chapter 1. The Climatic Response to Greenhouse Gases1
- I. Why Build a Model?1
- II. Basic Elements of Models2
- III. The Problems of Parameterizations and Climatic Feedback Mechanisms3
- IV. Sensitivity and Scenario Analysis6
- V. Model Validation7
- VI. Climatic Model Results12
- VII. Concluding Remarks23
- References30
- Chapter 2. The Development of Regional Climate Scenarios and the Ecological Impact of Greenhouse Gas33
- I. Summary33
- II. The Greenhouse Effect34
- III. Appropriate Methods of Regional Scenario Development35
- IV. The Reliability of General Circulation Models36
- V. Equilibrium Climate Change42
- VI. Transient Climate Change55
- VII. Conclusions57
- Notes58
- References59
- Chapter 3. The Potential Effect of Climate Changes on Agriculture and Land Use63
- I. Abstract63
- II. Introduction64
- III. Assessments of Critical Types of Climatic Change64
- IV. Effects of CO2 Enrichment66
- V. Potential Effects of Changes of Climate68
- VI. Effects of Sea-level Rise on Agriculture79
- VII. Summary of Potential Effects of Climate Change and Sea-level Rise80
- VIII. Effects on Production and Land Use82
- IX. Effects on Forest Land Use85
- X. Conclusions86
- References88
- Chapter 4. Modeling to be Potential Response of Vegetation to Global Climate Change93
- I. Introduction93
- II. Climate–Vegetation Classification94
- III. Application of Holdridge Life-zone Classification to Climate Change at a Global Scale95
- IV. Application of a Plant Energy Balance Model to Predicting Changes in Leaf Area Under Changing Cl100
- V. Modeling Temporal Dynamics101
- VI. Individual-based Forest Gap Models101
- VII. Application of Gap Models to Predict Forest Response to Climate Change105
- VIII. Discussion111
- References113
- Chapter 5. Effects of Climatic Change on the Population Dynamics of Crop Pests117
- I. Summary117
- II. Introduction118
- III. Direct Effects of Climate on Pest Populations122
- IV. Indirect Effects of Climate on Pest Populations136
- V. Effects of Climate on Pest–Host Plant–Natural Enemy Relationships147
- VI. Implications of Climatic Change for Pest Management151
- VII. Conclusions154
- Acknowledgments154
- References155
- Chapter 6. Responses of Soils to Climate Change163
- I. Summary163
- II. Introduction164
- III. Biotic and Industrial Sources of Trace Gases165
- IV. Future Patterns of Climate Change and Impact on Vegetation167
- V. Climate-related Patterns of Soil Carbon Pools and Fluxes169
- VI. Effects of Climate on Litter Decomposition180
- VII. Soil Organic Matter Dynamics and Climate Change186
- VIII. Consequences of Climate Change for Plant–Soil Interactions193
- IX. Conclusions200
- References202
- Chapter 7. Predicting the Responses of the Coastal Zone to Global Change211
- I. Introduction212
- II. Nature of the Coastal Zone217
- III. Effects of Human Activities226
- IV. Effects of Climate Change231
- V. Effects of Sea-level Change235
- VI.Responses of the Coastal Zone to Global Change237
- VII. Management of the Coastal Zone241
- VIII. Research Needs242
- IX. Conclusions245
- Acknowledgements246
- References246
- Chapter 8. The Past as a Key to the Future: The Use of Palaeoenvironmental Understanding to Predict257
- I. Summary257
- II. Introduction259
- III. The Record of the Past259
- IV. Conclusions308
- Acknowledgements309
- References309
- Index315
- Cumulative List of Titles335
Advances in Ecological Research