An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Copyright Pageiv
- Contentsix
- Forewordxv
- Prefacexvii
- Chapter 1. Fundamentals1
- 1.1 Introduction1
- 1.2 Some Wave Mechanics6
- 1.3 The Buoyant Force17
- 1.4 The Boussinesq Approximation22
- Chapter 2. The Linear Theory25
- 2.1 The Taylor–Goldstein Equation26
- 2.2 A Simple Solution31
- 2.3 The WKB Method39
- 2.4 Energetics40
- Chapter 3. Terrain-Generated Gravity Waves47
- 3.1 Introduction47
- 3.2 Uniform Flow Over a Surface Corrugation51
- 3.3 The Two-Dimensional Ridge59
- 3.4 The Three-Dimensional Mountain66
- 3.5 Gravity Wave Drag71
- 3.6 Convectively Generated Gravity Waves80
- Chapter 4. Ducted Gravity Waves85
- 4.1 Wave Reflection at an Elevated Layer86
- 4.2 Wave Trapping, Energy Flux, and Wave Resonance91
- 4.3 Wave Ducts98
- Chapter 5. Gravity Wave Energetics111
- 5.1 Variations Of Wave Energy and Stress with Height111
- 5.2 Wave Action112
- 5.3 The Critical Level114
- Chapter 6. Waves and Turbulence125
- 6.1 Parcel Exchange Analysis of Flow Stability125
- 6.2 Shear Instability and Unstable Modes129
- 6.3 Wave-Modulated Richardson Number141
- 6.4 Wave-Turbulence Coupling144
- 6.5 Jefferys’ Roll-Wave Instability Mechanism149
- Chapter 7. The Parameterization of Wave Stress155
- 7.1 Wave Saturation and Wave Breaking156
- 7.2 Saturation Parameterization Schemes162
- 7.3 Saturation Limits and Other Problems177
- Chapter 8. Observational Techniques181
- 8.1 Single-Station Observations182
- 8.2 Multiple Station Observations192
- 8.3 Balloons, Aircraft, Airglow, and Satellites203
- Chapter 9. Data Analyses and Numerical Methods209
- 9.1 Data Analysis210
- 9.2 Numerical Models227
- Appendix A The Hydrostatic Atmosphere237
- A.1 The Hydrostatic Approximation237
- A.2 The Scale Height of the Isothermal Atmosphere238
- A.3 Adiabatic Lapse Rate238
- A.4 Potential Temperature238
- A.5 Boussinesq Relations239
- A.6 The Geostrophic Wind240
- A.7 The Eckman Wind Spiral241
- Appendix B Computer Codes and Data on CD-ROM245
- B.1 Introduction245
- B.2 FORTRAN Codes246
- B.3 Synthetic Wave Data249
- B.4 Sample Pressure Data249
- B.5 Contact249
- Bibliography251
- Index263
- International Geophysics Series277
Gravity waves exist in all types of geophysical fluids, such as lakes, oceans, and atmospheres. They play an important role in redistributing energy at disturbances, such as mountains or seamounts and they are routinely studied in meteorology and oceanography, particularly simulation models, atmospheric weather models, turbulence, air pollution, and climate research.
An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves provides readers with a working background of the fundamental physics and mathematics of gravity waves, and introduces a wide variety of applications and numerous recent advances.
Nappo provides a concise volume on gravity waves with a lucid discussion of current observational techniques and instrumentation.
An accompanying CD-ROM contains real data, computer codes for data analysis, and linear gravity wave models to further enhance the reader's understanding of the book's material. Foreword is written by Prof. George Chimonas, a renowned expert on the interactions of gravity waves with turbulence.
CD containing real data, computer codes for data analysis and linear gravity wave models included with the text
An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves provides readers with a working background of the fundamental physics and mathematics of gravity waves, and introduces a wide variety of applications and numerous recent advances.
Nappo provides a concise volume on gravity waves with a lucid discussion of current observational techniques and instrumentation.
An accompanying CD-ROM contains real data, computer codes for data analysis, and linear gravity wave models to further enhance the reader's understanding of the book's material. Foreword is written by Prof. George Chimonas, a renowned expert on the interactions of gravity waves with turbulence.
CD containing real data, computer codes for data analysis and linear gravity wave models included with the text