Avian Molecular Evolution and Systematics
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Contributorsxiii
- Prefacexvii
- Part I: Molecular Sequences and Evolutionary History in Birds1
- Chapter 1. Molecular Evolution of the Mitochondrial Genome3
- I. Introduction4
- II. Mitochondria: An Ancient Legacy4
- III. The Vertebrate Mitochondrial Genome5
- IV. Avian Mitochondrial Genomes6
- V. Major Genomic Features as Characters for Phylogenetic Analysis11
- VI. Intergenomic Transfer of Mitochondrial Sequences17
- VII. Conclusion23
- References23
- Chapter 2. DNA Microsatellites as Genetic Markers at Several Scales29
- I. Introduction30
- II. Technical Overview30
- III. The Range of Scales34
- IV. Cautions for Data Analysis39
- V. Case Histories41
- VI. Summary and Conclusions43
- References43
- Appendix I49
- Chapter 3. Mitochondrial Control Region Sequences as Tools for Understanding Evolution51
- I. Introduction51
- II. Sequence Organization and Evolution53
- III. Population Structure and Intraspecific Taxonomy64
- IV. Higher Level Systematics77
- References79
- Chapter 4. The Window of Taxonomic Resolution for Phylogenies Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b83
- I. Introduction84
- II. Materials and Methods87
- III. Results88
- IV. Discussion105
- References109
- Appendix I114
- Appendix II115
- Chapter 5. Phylogeny and Evolution of 12S rDNA in Gruiformes (Aves)121
- I. Introduction121
- II. Methods127
- III. Phylogenetic Inferences134
- IV. Molecular Evolution142
- V. Implications of 12S Evolution for Phylogenetic Inference152
- VI. Summary153
- References154
- Chapter 6. Phylogeny of the Pelacaniformes: Molecular Systematics of a Privative Group159
- I. Introduction159
- II. Methods164
- III. Results166
- IV. Discussion167
- References170
- Chapter 7. The Phylogeny of Ratite Birds: Resolving Conflicts between Molecular and Morphological Da173
- I. Introduction173
- II. Materials and Methods176
- III. Results181
- IV. Discussion186
- V. Conclusions190
- References192
- Appendix I196
- Appendix II209
- Chapter 8. Phylogenetic Relationships among and within Select Avian Orders Based on Mitochondrial DN213
- I. Introduction214
- II. Issues in Phylogenetic Analyses215
- III. Methods219
- IV. Results and Discussion225
- V. Conclusions241
- References243
- Part II: Applying Phylogeny and Population Genetics to Broader Issues249
- Chapter 9. Relevance of Microevolutionary Processes to Higher Level Molecular Systematics251
- I. Introduction251
- II. Molecular Variability253
- III. Population Processes262
- IV. Conclusion273
- References274
- Chapter 10. Phylogeny in Studies of Bird Ecology, Behavior, and Morphology279
- I. Introduction279
- II. Accurate Phylogenetic Estimates and Historical Ecology281
- III. Application of the Comparative Approach to Classic Problems of Evolution285
- IV. Summary294
- References296
- Chapter 11. Phylogeographic Studies of North American Birds301
- I. Introduction301
- II. Allozymic Studies of Avian Geographic Variation302
- III. The DNA Revolution in Intraspecific Studies303
- IV. Phylogeographic Studies in Birds305
- V. Comparative Phylogeography314
- VI. Prospectus320
- References321
- Chapter 12. The Speciation of South American and African Birds in Montane Regions325
- I. Introduction325
- II. The Model Hypothesis326
- III. Old and New Species in South America328
- IV. Old and New Species in Africa330
- V. Implications for the Model332
- VI. Case Studies of Biogeographic Patterns in Tropical Mountains333
- VII. Discussion and Summary339
- References341
- Chapter 13. Studies of Avian Ancient DNA: From Jurassic Park to Modern Island Extinctions345
- I. Introduction345
- II. Review of Ancient DNA Research346
- III. Systematics and Paleoecological Applications349
- IV. Summary368
- V. Future Research368
- References369
- Index375
The use of DNA and other biological macromolecules has revolutionized systematic studies of evolutionary history. Methods that use sequences of nucleotides and amino acids are now routinely used as data for addressing evolutionary questions that, although not new questions, have defied description and analysis. The world-renowned contributors use these new methods to unravel particular aspects of the evolutionary history of birds. Avian Molecular Evolution and Systematics presents an overview of the theory and application of molecular systematics, focusing on the phylogeny and evolutionary biology of birds. New, developing areas in the phylogeny of birds at multiple taxonomic areas are covered, as well as methods of analysis for molecular data, evolutionary genetics within and between bird populations, and the application of molecular-based phylogenies to broader questions of evolution.
Key Features
* Contains authoritative contributions from leading researchers
* Discusses the utility of different molecular markers for questions of avian evolution, involving populations and higher-level taxa
* Applies molecular-based phylogenies of birds and molecular population genetics data to broad questions of organismal and molecular evolution.
* Compares and contrasts molecular and morphological data sets
Key Features
* Contains authoritative contributions from leading researchers
* Discusses the utility of different molecular markers for questions of avian evolution, involving populations and higher-level taxa
* Applies molecular-based phylogenies of birds and molecular population genetics data to broad questions of organismal and molecular evolution.
* Compares and contrasts molecular and morphological data sets