Bioimpedance and Bioelectricity Basics
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Table of contents
- Cover
- CONTENTSv
- PREFACEix
- CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION1
- CHAPTER 2 ELECTROLYTICS7
- 2.1 Ionic and Electronic DC Conduction7
- 2.2 The Basic Electrolytic Experiment12
- 2.3 Bulk Electrolytic DC Conductance15
- 2.4 Interphase Phenomena26
- 2.5 Electrodics and AC Phenomena41
- Problems55
- CHAPTER 3 DIELECTRICS57
- 3.1 Polarization in a Uniform Dielectric58
- 3.2 The Basic Capacitor Experiment64
- 3.3 Complex Permittivity and Immittivity65
- 3.4 AC Polarization and Relaxation in a Uniform Dielectric70
- 3.5 Interfacial Polarization79
- 3.6 The Basic Membrane Experiment85
- 3.7 The Basic Suspension Experiment87
- 3.8 Dispersion and Dielectric Spectroscopy89
- Problems91
- CHAPTER 4 PASSIVE TISSUE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES93
- 4.1 Basic Biomaterials93
- 4.2 Tissue and Organs102
- 4.3 Special Electrical Properties124
- Problems137
- CHAPTER 5 EXCITABLE TISSUE AND BIOELECTRIC SIGNALS139
- 5.1 Cell Polarization140
- 5.2 Action Potential143
- 5.3 The Neuron147
- 5.4 Axon Transmission151
- 5.5 Receptors157
- Problems159
- CHAPTER 6 GEOMETRICAL ANALYSIS161
- 6.1 Volume Conductors162
- 6.2 Two-electrode Systems163
- 6.3 Sphere Sources, Ideal 3D Models165
- 6.4 Line Sources, Ideal 2D Models177
- 6.5 Signal Transfer in Tissue Volumes180
- 6.6 Three- and Four-electrode Impedance Systems191
- 6.7 Finite Element Method (FEM)196
- 6.8 Tomography (EIT)198
- 6.9 Duality of Dielectrics and Conductors203
- Problems204
- CHAPTER 7 INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT205
- 7.1 General Network Theory, the Black Box206
- 7.2 Signals and Measurement213
- 7.3 Bridges, Impedance Analyzers, Lock-in Amplifiers236
- 7.4 Electrodes: Design and Properties253
- Problems281
- CHAPTER 8 DATA AND MODELS283
- 8.1 Models, Descriptive and Explanatory284
- 8.2 Equations and Equivalent Circuits286
- 8.3 Data Calculation and Presentation321
- 8.4 Data Analysis322
- Problems331
- CHAPTER 9 CLINICAL APPLICATIONS333
- 9.1 Electrocardiography335
- 9.2 Impedance Plethysmography347
- 9.3 Impedance Cardiography353
- 9.4 Tissue Characterization in Neurology355
- 9.5 EEG, ENG/ERG/EOG355
- 9.6 Electrogastrography356
- 9.7 EMG and Neurography357
- 9.8 Electrical Impedance Myography357
- 9.9 Electrotherapy358
- 9.10 Body Composition Analysis363
- 9.11 Implanted Active Thoracic Devices367
- 9.12 Defibrillation and Electroshock372
- 9.13 Electrosurgery374
- 9.14 Cell Suspensions378
- 9.15 Skin Instrumentation388
- 9.16 Non-medical Applications397
- 9.17 Electrical Safety398
- CHAPTER 10 HISTORY OF BIOIMPEDANCE AND BIOELECTRICITY411
- CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX419
- 11.1 Vectors and Scalars, Complex Numbers419
- 11.2 Equivalent Circuit Equations424
- 11.3 Global Symbols430
- 11.4 Physical Dimensions432
- REFERENCES435
- Recommended Books and Review Articles435
- INDEX461
- A461
- B461
- C462
- D463
- E464
- F465
- G465
- H466
- I466
- J467
- K467
- L467
- M467
- N468
- O468
- P468
- Q469
- R469
- S469
- T470
- U470
- V470
- W471
- Z471
Bioelectricity (or bioelectromagnetism) relates to the study of biological electrical currents, and bioimpedance deals with the measurement of electrical conductivity. They are intimately linked to biomedical engineering, with major significance for development of novel medical devices, as well as the study of biological rhythms. This completely updated new edition remains the most comprehensive reference tool for this intricate, interdisciplinary field.
The authors, both internationally recognized experts in the field, have thoroughly revised the entire text. It remains the only such work that discusses in detail dielectric and electrochemical aspects, as well as electrical engineering concepts of network theory. The highly effective, easy to follow organization has been retained, with new discussion of state-of-the-art advances in finite element analysis, endogenic sources, control theory, tissue electrical properties, and invasive measurements. There are two all new chapters on bioelectricity, along with an introduction to Geselowitz theory, the Maxwell basis of bioimpedance, and multivariate analysis as an alternative.
* Increased emphasis on bioelectricity and potential clinical applications
* Two all new chapters dealing with electrical properties of passive and excitable tissue
* Expanded discussion of finite element modelling and a broad range of applications
* Provides a complete ?all in one? reference source for a multidisciplinary, complex field
* Includes many additional figures and all improved, newly drawn illustrations throughout
The authors, both internationally recognized experts in the field, have thoroughly revised the entire text. It remains the only such work that discusses in detail dielectric and electrochemical aspects, as well as electrical engineering concepts of network theory. The highly effective, easy to follow organization has been retained, with new discussion of state-of-the-art advances in finite element analysis, endogenic sources, control theory, tissue electrical properties, and invasive measurements. There are two all new chapters on bioelectricity, along with an introduction to Geselowitz theory, the Maxwell basis of bioimpedance, and multivariate analysis as an alternative.
* Increased emphasis on bioelectricity and potential clinical applications
* Two all new chapters dealing with electrical properties of passive and excitable tissue
* Expanded discussion of finite element modelling and a broad range of applications
* Provides a complete ?all in one? reference source for a multidisciplinary, complex field
* Includes many additional figures and all improved, newly drawn illustrations throughout