Biomedical Information Technology
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Acknowledgmentsxi
- About the Editorxiii
- Contributorsxv
- Introductionxvii
- Section I: Technological Fundamentals1
- Chapter 1: Medical Imaging3
- 1.1 Introduction3
- 1.2 Digital Radiography4
- 1.3 Computed Tomography6
- 1.4 Nuclear Medicine7
- 1.5 Ultrasonic Imaging11
- 1.6 Magnetic Resonance Imaging15
- 1.7 Diffuse Optical Imaging18
- 1.8 Biosignals22
- 1.9 Appendix24
- 1.10 Exercises25
- 1.11 References and Bibliography27
- Chapter 2: Electronic Medical Records29
- 2.1 Introduction29
- 2.2 Medical Data and Patient Records31
- 2.3 Terminology Standards„Vocabulary and a Clinical Coding System34
- 2.4 Information Exchange Standards38
- 2.5 Usability Issues in Electronic Medical Records38
- 2.6 User Interface40
- 2.7 Evaluation42
- 2.8 Electronic Medical Records System„A Case Study: AWeb-Based Electronic Record for Medical Imagi42
- 2.9 Summary45
- Acknowledgements45
- 2.10 Exercises45
- 2.11 References and Bibliography46
- Chapter 3: Image Data Compression and Storage51
- 3.1 Introduction51
- 3.2 Picture Compression51
- 3.3 Compression in the DICOM Standard69
- 3.4 Data Compression for Dynamic Functional Images70
- 3.5 Summary77
- Acknowledgements78
- 3.6 Exercises78
- 3.7 References and Bibliography78
- Chapter 4: Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval83
- 4.1 Introduction83
- 4.2 Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval by Physical Visual Features88
- 4.3 Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval by Geometric Spatial Filters94
- 4.4 Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval by Combination of Semantic and Visual Features100
- 4.5 Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval by Physiologically Functional Features104
- 4.6 Summary107
- Acknowledgments107
- 4.7 Exercises107
- 4.8 References and Bibliography107
- Chapter 5: Data Modeling and Simulation115
- 5.1 Introduction115
- 5.2 Compartment Models115
- 5.3 Model Identification118
- 5.4 Model Validation127
- 5.5 Simulation127
- 5.6 Case Study128
- 5.7 Quantification of Medical Images130
- 5.8 Exercises135
- 5.9 References and Bibliography135
- Chapter 6: Techniques for Parametric Imaging137
- 6.1 Introduction137
- 6.2 Parametric Image Estimation Methods141
- 6.3 Noninvasive Methods149
- 6.4 Clinical Applications of Parametric Images152
- 6.5 Summary158
- Acknowledgments159
- 6.6 Exercises159
- 6.7 References and Bibliography159
- Chapter 7: Data Processing and Analysis165
- 7.1 Introduction165
- 7.2 Medical Image Enhancement165
- 7.3 Medical Image Segmentation170
- 7.4 Medical Image Feature Extraction174
- 7.5 Medical Image Interpretation177
- 7.6 Summary182
- 7.7 Exercises183
- 7.8 References and Bibliography183
- Chapter 8: Data Registration and Fusion187
- 8.1 Introduction187
- 8.2 Fundamentals of Biomedical Image Registration and Fusion188
- 8.3 Feature-Based Medical Image Registration193
- 8.4 Intensity-Based Registration195
- 8.5 Hybrid Registration and Hierarchical Registration198
- 8.6 Hardware Registration200
- 8.7 Assessment of Registration Accuracy201
- 8.8 Applications of Biomedical Image Registration and Fusion203
- 8.9 Summary205
- Acknowledgments205
- 8.10 Exercises205
- 8.11 References and Bibliography205
- Chapter 9: Data Visualization and Display211
- 9.1 Introduction211
- 9.2 Two-Dimensional Visualization Techniques212
- 9.3 Three-Dimensional Visualization Techniques213
- 9.4 Volume Navigation Interface215
- 9.5 Volume Enhancement and Manipulation216
- 9.6 Large Data Visualization and Optimization218
- 9.7 Dual-Modality Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography Visualization219
- 9.8 Data Display Devices222
- 9.9 Applications of Biomedical Visualization223
- 9.10 Summary224
- Acknowledgments224
- 9.11 Exercises224
- 9.12 References and Bibliography224
- Chapter 10: Data Communication and Network Infrastructure229
- 10.1 Introduction229
- 10.2 Transmission and Communication Technologies230
- 10.3 The Internet and World Wide Web233
- 10.4 Wireless and Mobile Technologies in M-Health238
- 10.5 Sensor Networks for Health Monitoring242
- 10.6 Applications of Wireless Technologies in Telemedicine245
- 10.7 Summary247
- 10.8 Exercises247
- 10.9 References and Bibliography248
- Chapter 11: Data Security and Protection for Medical Images249
- 11.1 Introduction249
- 11.2 Overview of Cryptographic System251
- 11.3 Digital Watermarking252
- 11.4 Medical Image Watermarking252
- 11.5 Region-Based Reversible Watermarking for Secure Positron Emission Tomography Image Management254
- 11.6 Summary255
- Acknowledgments255
- 11.7 Exercises255
- 11.8 References and Bibliography255
- Chapter 12: Biologic Computing259
- 12.1 Introduction259
- 12.2 Overview of Genomic Methods259
- 12.3 Overview of Proteomic Methods261
- 12.4 Bioinformatics and Information Infrastructure266
- 12.5 Data Mining and Large-Scale Biologic Databases270
- 12.6 Biologic Event-Driven, Time-Driven and Hybrid Simulation Techniques271
- 12.7 Summary274
- Acknowledgments274
- 12.8 Exercises275
- 12.9 References and Bibliography275
- Section II: Integrated Applications277
- Chapter 13: PACS and Medical Imaging Informatics for Filmless Hospitals279
- 13.1 Introduction279
- 13.2 PACS Infrastructure280
- 13.3 PACS Components and Workflow286
- 13.4 PACS Controller and Image Archive291
- 13.5 Large-Scale PACS Implementation299
- 13.6 PACS Clinical Experiences299
- 13.7 Summary304
- 13.8 Exercises305
- 13.9 References and Bibliography305
- Chapter 14: KMeX: A Knowledge-Based Digital Library for Retrieving Scenario-Specific Medical Text Do307
- 14.1 Introduction307
- 14.2 Extracting Key Concepts From Documents308
- 14.3 Transforming Similar Queries into Query Templates313
- 14.4 Topic-Oriented Directory313
- 14.5 Phrase-Based Vector Space Model for Automatic Document Retrieval317
- 14.6 Knowledge-Based Scenario-Specific Query Expansion325
- 14.7 The KMeX System Architecture for Retrieving Scenario-Specific Free-Text Documents338
- 14.8 Summary338
- Acknowledgments339
- 14.9 Exercises339
- 14.10 References and Bibliography340
- Chapter 15: Integrated Multimedia Patient Record Systems343
- 15.1 Introduction343
- 15.2 Multimedia Patient Record344
- 15.3 Components of the Multimedia Patient Record System Architecture346
- 15.4 Electronic Medical Chart Components348
- 15.5 Objects Comprising the Multimedia Patient Record352
- 15.6 Capturing Multimedia Data with a Clinical Workstation352
- 15.7 DICOM Image Acquisition352
- 15.8 Remote Data and Image Viewing Across the Health Care Network354
- 15.9 Impact on Patient Care356
- 15.10 Summary356
- 15.11 References and Bibliography357
- Chapter 16: Computer-Aided Diagnosis359
- 16.1 Introduction359
- 16.2 Computer-Aided Diagnosis359
- 16.4 Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Differential Diagnosis362
- 16.3 Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Cancer Screening366
- 16.5 Intelligent Computer-Aided Diagnosis Workstations: Indices of Similarity and Human/Computer Int367
- Acknowledgments370
- 16.6 Summary370
- 16.7 Exercises370
- 16.8 References and Bibliography370
- Chapter 17: Clinical Decision Support Systems375
- 17.1 Introduction375
- 17.2 Overview of Clinical Decision Support Systems376
- 17.3 Human Diagnostic Reasoning377
- 17.4 A Structure for Characterizing Clinical Decision Support Systems379
- 17.5 Decision Support Tools384
- 17.6 Decision Support Systems in the Hospital and Other Health Care Settings385
- 17.7 Health Care Education Applications386
- 17.8 Verification, Validation, and Evaluation387
- 17.9 Summary389
- 17.10 Exercises390
- 17.11 References and Bibliography390
- Chapter 18: Medical Robotics and Computer-Integrated Interventional Medicine393
- 18.1 Introduction393
- 18.2 Technology and Techniques394
- 18.3 Surgical CAD/CAM403
- 18.4 Surgical Assistance406
- 18.5 Summary410
- 18.6 Exercises410
- 18.7 References and Bibliography411
- Chapter 19: Functional Techniques for Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging417
- 19.1 Introduction417
- 19.2 Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Brain418
- 19.3 Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging in Brain421
- 19.4 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using BOLD Techniques424
- 19.5 Clinical Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Brain425
- 19.6 Summary428
- Acknowledgments428
- 19.7 Exercises428
- 19.8 References and Bibliography428
- Chapter 20: Molecular Imaging in Cancer431
- 20.1 Introduction431
- 20.2 Imaging of Gene Expression432
- 20.3 Receptor Imaging439
- 20.4 Enzyme-Activated Probes443
- 20.5 Metabolic Imaging445
- 20.6 Imaging of Permeability, Perfusion, and Blood Flow447
- 20.7 Imaging of the Tumor Microenvironment448
- 20.8 Multimodality Imaging449
- 20.9 Summary452
- Acknowledgments452
- 20.10 Exercises452
- 20.11 References and Bibliography453
- Chapter 21: Molecular Imaging in Biology and Pharmacology457
- 21.1 Introduction and Background457
- 21.2 Considerations for Quantitative Molecular Imaging460
- 21.3 Design/Development of Molecular Imaging Probes463
- 21.4 Molecular Imaging of Beta-Amyloid and Neurofibrillary Tangles466
- 21.5 Molecular Imaging Using Antibody Probes468
- 21.6 Some Other Molecular Imaging Applications470
- 21.7 Summary and Future Perspectives471
- 21.8 Exercises475
- 21.9 References and Bibliography475
- Chapter 22: From Telemedicine to Ubiquitous M-Health: The Evolution of E-Health Systems479
- 22.1 Introduction479
- 22.2 Overview of M-Health Systems480
- 22.3 M-Health Based on Wireless Body Area Networks484
- 22.4 Wireless Intelligent Sensors for M-Health487
- 22.5 Wireless Mobile Devices for M-Health491
- 22.6 Next-Generation M-Health Systems492
- 22.7 Summary494
- 22.8 Exercises494
- 22.9 References and Bibliography495
- Chapter 23: Multimedia for Future Health-Smart Medical Home497
- 23.1 Introduction497
- 23.2 Multimedia for Human-Computer Interaction499
- 23.3 Multimedia Content Management500
- 23.4 Multimedia Delivery501
- 23.5 Smart Medical Home503
- 23.6 Telemedicine in the Smart Medical Home505
- 23.7 Sensory Devices and Health Monitoring505
- 23.8 Speech Recognition and Conversational Systems506
- 23.9 Multimedia Technologies for Patient Education and Care506
- 23.10 Multimedia Operating Theater and Virtual Reality507
- 23.11 Summary508
- Acknowledgments508
- 23.12 Exercises508
- 23.13 References and Bibliography508
- Index513
The enormous growth in the field of biotechnology necessitates the utilization of information technology for the management, flow and organization of data. The field continues to evolve with the development of new applications to fit the needs of the biomedicine. From molecular imaging to healthcare knowledge management, the storage, access and analysis of data contributes significantly to biomedical research and practice.
All biomedical professionals can benefit from a greater understanding of how data can be efficiently managed and utilized through data compression, modelling, processing, registration, visualization, communication, and large-scale biological computing. In addition the book contains practical integrated clinical applications for disease detection, diagnosis, surgery, therapy, and biomedical knowledge discovery, including the latest advances in the field, such as ubiquitous M-Health systems and molecular imaging applications.
*The world's most recognized authorities give their "best practices" ready for implementation
*Provides professionals with the most up to date and mission critical tools to evaluate the latest advances in the field and current integrated clinical applications
*Gives new staff the technological fundamentals and updates experienced professionals with the latest practical integrated clinical applications
All biomedical professionals can benefit from a greater understanding of how data can be efficiently managed and utilized through data compression, modelling, processing, registration, visualization, communication, and large-scale biological computing. In addition the book contains practical integrated clinical applications for disease detection, diagnosis, surgery, therapy, and biomedical knowledge discovery, including the latest advances in the field, such as ubiquitous M-Health systems and molecular imaging applications.
*The world's most recognized authorities give their "best practices" ready for implementation
*Provides professionals with the most up to date and mission critical tools to evaluate the latest advances in the field and current integrated clinical applications
*Gives new staff the technological fundamentals and updates experienced professionals with the latest practical integrated clinical applications