Business Metadata: Capturing Enterprise Knowledge: Capturing Enterprise Knowledge
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Table of contents
- Dedication Pagev
- Brief Table of Contentsvii
- Complete Table of Contentsix
- Prefacexix
- Chapter 1: Introducing Business Metadata1
- 1.1 Introduction1
- 1.2 A Brief History of Metadata3
- 1.2.1 In the Beginning4
- 1.2.2 Disk Storage4
- 1.2.3 Access to Data6
- 1.2.4 The Personal Computer7
- 1.2.5 Data Warehousing7
- 1.2.6 Metadata in Systems Evolution9
- 1.3 Types of Metadata12
- 1.3.1 Business Metadata versus Technical Metadata12
- 1.3.2 Business Metadata12
- 1.4 Where Can You Find Business Metadata?13
- 1.4.1 Business Metadata on a Screen13
- 1.4.2 Reports and Business Metadata14
- 1.4.3 Corporate Forms and Business Metadata15
- 1.5 Structured and Unstructured Metadata16
- 1.5.1 A Grid for Metadata18
- 1.6 Where Business Metadata Is Stored18
- 1.7 When Does Business Data Become Business Metadata?19
- 1.8 Business Metadata over Time20
- 1.9 Reference Files: Master Data Management (MDM) and Business Metadata21
- 1.10 Summary22
- Chapter 2: The Value of Business Metadata Management25
- 2.1 Introduction25
- 2.2 Background26
- 2.3 Definition of Metadata Revisited26
- 2.3.1 Library Card Catalog27
- 2.4 Business Metadata’s Importance in a Report29
- 2.5 Metadata Chaos31
- 2.5.1 So Why Is Metadata Management Important?32
- 2.5.2 Reusing Data32
- 2.5.3 Accuracy of Information33
- 2.6 Summary34
- 2.7 References35
- Chapter 3: Who Is Responsible for Business Metadata: Business Metadata Stewardship37
- 3.1 Introduction38
- 3.2 Who Is Responsible for Business Metadata?38
- 3.3 Business Metadata Stewardship Concepts40
- 3.3.1 Ownership Definition40
- 3.3.2 Stewardship Definition40
- 3.4 Organizational Options for Business Metadata Stewardship41
- 3.4.1 The Data Governance Council42
- 3.4.2 Approaches to Business Metadata Stewardship44
- 3.5 Metadata Life Cycle and Governance45
- 3.6 Business Metadata Data Quality Considerations48
- 3.7 Funding Business Metadata50
- 3.7.1 The Centralized Implementation51
- 3.7.2 The Localized Implementation51
- 3.7.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Funding Models52
- 3.8 Summary53
- 3.9 References53
- Chapter 4: Business Metadata, Communication, and Search55
- 4.1 Introduction55
- 4.2 The Basic Problem in Information Management56
- 4.2.1 Lack of Communication Clarity56
- 4.2.2 The Importance of Definitions59
- 4.3 The Definition60
- 4.3.1 Components of a Definition61
- 4.3.2 Definition Usage Notes62
- 4.3.3 Miscellaneous Guidelines64
- 4.4 Communications and Search65
- 4.4.1 The High Cost of Not Finding Information65
- 4.4.2 Quantifying Search Problems67
- 4.5 Business Metadata and Search70
- 4.5.2 Classification72
- 4.6 Summary77
- 4.7 References78
- Chapter 5: Initiating a Business Metadata Project79
- 5.1 Introduction79
- 5.2 Why Consolidate or Integrate Metadata?80
- 5.3 Metadata Project Planning and Scoping Considerations82
- 5.3.1 Business Metadata Versus Technical Metadata83
- 5.3.2 Different Iterations of Development84
- 5.3.3 Technology Tool: Local Metadata85
- 5.4 Defining the Scope of the Metadata Repository85
- 5.4.1 The Sources of Business and Technical Metadata86
- 5.5 Summary87
- Chapter 6: Business Metadata Capture89
- 6.1 Introduction89
- 6.2 Why Bother to Capture Business Metadata?90
- 6.2.1 People Leaving91
- 6.2.2 Other Business Motivations for Knowledge Capture92
- 6.3 The Corporate Knowledge Base93
- 6.3.1 The Corporate Glossary: Beginning of a Knowledge Base93
- 6.3.2 What Is the Corporate Knowledge Base?93
- 6.4 Principles of Knowledge Capture95
- 6.4.1 What Is the Knowledge Capture Culture?95
- 6.5 Socialization of Knowledge96
- 6.6 Technology That Fosters Knowledge Socialization98
- 6.6.1 Social Networking99
- 6.6.2 Portals and Collaboration Servers100
- 6.6.3 Wikis and Knowledge Socialization103
- 6.6.4 Wikis and Governance106
- 6.7 Balancing Out the Need for Governance with the Need for Contributions: Governance LitetradeŽ107
- 6.7.1 How Governance Litetrade Works107
- 6.7.2 The Search for Technology109
- 6.7.3 Business Glossary Technology111
- 6.8 Publicity112
- 6.8.1 Visibility versus Usefulness113
- 6.9 Knowledge Capture from Individuals: The Individual Documentation Problem114
- 6.10 Web 2.0 and Knowledge Capture115
- 6.10.1 Mashups115
- 6.10.2 User-Defined Tags: Folksonomy118
- 6.11 Summary119
- 6.12 References119
- Chapter 7: Capturing Business Metadata from Existing Data121
- 7.1 Introduction121
- 7.2 Technical Sources of (Both Business and Technical) Metadata122
- 7.2.1 Enterprise Resource Planning Applications122
- 7.2.2 Reports122
- 7.2.3 Spreadsheets123
- 7.2.4 Documents123
- 7.2.5 DBMS System Catalogs124
- 7.2.6 Business Intelligence Tools124
- 7.2.7 Extract-Transform-Load (ETL)124
- 7.2.8 Legacy Systems and On-Line Transaction Processing (OLTP) Applications125
- 7.2.9 The Data Warehouse126
- 7.2.10 Summary of Metadata Sources127
- 7.3 Editing the Metadata as It Passes into the Enterprise Metadata Repository128
- 7.3.1 Automation of Editing128
- 7.3.2 GranularizingŽ Metadata129
- 7.3.3 Expanding Definitions and Descriptions129
- 7.3.4 Synonym Resolution131
- 7.3.5 Homonym Resolution132
- 7.3.6 Using a Staging Area134
- 7.3.7. Manual Metadata Editing134
- 7.4 Turning Technical Metadata into Business Metadata135
- 7.5 Summary137
- Chapter 8: Business Metadata Delivery139
- 8.1 Introduction139
- 8.2 Separating Business Metadata and Technical Metadata140
- 8.3 Principles of Business Metadata Delivery140
- 8.3.1 The Importance of Easy Access: Avoid the Roach Motel!Ž141
- 8.3.2 Who Will Use It and How? Business Metadata Use Cases141
- 8.4 Indirect Usage of Business Metadata141
- 8.4.1 Accessibility from Multiple Places142
- 8.4.2 Web Examples of Business Metadata Delivery143
- 8.4.3 Business Metadata Delivery in an Interactive Report145
- 8.4.4 Business Metadata Access from Applications147
- 8.5 Business Metadata Delivery Use Cases147
- 8.5.1 Corporate Dictionary Example147
- 8.5.2 Business Metadata and Training148
- 8.5.3 Business Metadata and Web 2.0: Mashups149
- 8.5.4 Visual Analytic Techniques150
- 8.5.5 Technical Use of Business Metadata151
- 8.5.6 Delivery of the Integration of Business and Technical Metadata Technical Metadata152
- 8.6 Summary154
- 8.7 References/Acknowledgments155
- Chapter 9: Business Metadata Infrastructure157
- 9.1 Introduction157
- 9.2 Types of Business Metadata158
- 9.3 The Metadata Warehouse160
- 9.3.1 Business Metadata Differences161
- 9.4 Delivery Considerations162
- 9.4.1 Delivery in the Legacy Environment162
- 9.4.2 Infrastructure Required for BI Environments163
- 9.4.3 Graphical Affinity163
- 9.4.4 New Web 2.0 Technology: Mashups!164
- 9.5 Integration165
- 9.5.1 Business and Technical Metadata Integration165
- 9.5.2 Integration and Administrative Source of Record: Conflict Resolution167
- 9.5.3 Integration Technologies167
- 9.6 Administrative Issues169
- 9.6.1 Administration Functionality Requirements169
- 9.6.2 Do You Keep History?169
- 9.7 Metadata Repository: Buy or BuildŽ170
- 9.7.1 Considerations in Making the Decision171
- 9.7.2 Special Challenges of Business Metadata171
- 9.8 The Build Considerations172
- 9.9 The Third Alternative: Use a Preexisting Repository172
- 9.10 Summary173
- Chapter 10: Data and Information Quality as Business Metadata175
- 10.1 Introduction175
- 10.2 Definition and Purpose of Data and Information Quality176
- 10.2.1 Distinction between Data and Information176
- 10.2.2 Adding Quality177
- 10.3 Information Quality as Business Metadata177
- 10.3.1 The Interaction of Business and Technical Metadata179
- 10.4 Setting Expectations for the Data: The Dictionary’s Role186
- 10.5 Information Quality Methodology187
- 10.6 Information Quality Business Metadata Delivery188
- 10.7 Summary192
- 10.8 References194
- Chapter 11: Semantics and Business Metadata195
- 11.1 Introduction195
- 11.2 The Vision of the Semantic Web195
- 11.3 The Importance of Semantics196
- 11.3.1 Semantics Are Context-Sensitive197
- 11.4 Attempts to Capture Semantics: Semantic Frameworks200
- 11.4.1 Controlled Vocabulary200
- 11.4.2 Glossary201
- 11.4.3 Taxonomy202
- 11.4.4 Entity/Relationship (ER) Model and Thesauri203
- 11.4.5 Conceptual Model, RDF and OWL, Topic Map, UML204
- 11.4.6 Description Logics and Other Forms of Logic206
- 11.4.7 Ontology207
- 11.5 Semantics as Business Metadata207
- 11.5.1 Semantic and Conceptual Models208
- 11.5.2 Business Metadata Expression209
- 11.5.3 Exposing Semantics to the Business210
- 11.6 Semantics in Practice211
- 11.6.1 Integration, Web Services, SOA, and Semantics211
- 11.6.2 Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)214
- 11.6.3 An Extensive Semantic Vocabulary Implementation214
- 11.7 Summary216
- 11.8 References217
- Chapter 12: Unstructured Business Metadata219
- 12.1 Introduction219
- 12.2 Structured Data and Unstructured Data219
- 12.3 Text223
- 12.3.1 A Distillation224
- 12.3.2 Linking Unstructured with Structured Data: Bridging the Gap229
- 12.4 Summary233
- Chapter 13: Business Rules235
- 13.1 Introduction235
- 13.2 What Are Business Rules?235
- 13.2.1 Business Rules as Business Metadata237
- 13.3 Where Are Business Rules Found?237
- 13.3.1 Business Rules and Managing the Business238
- 13.3.2 Business Rule Systems239
- 13.3.3 Rule Management243
- 13.3.4 Business Rules and the Metadata Repository244
- 13.3.5 Business Metadata about Business Rules245
- 13.4 Summary245
- 13.5 References246
- Chapter 14: Compliance and Business Metadata247
- 14.1 Introduction247
- 14.2 Compliance Standards248
- 14.2.1 Sarbanes-Oxley Provisions248
- 14.3 Types of Compliance249
- 14.3.1 Financial Audits249
- 14.3.2 Communications Audits251
- 14.4 Screening Communications251
- 14.2.1 Sorting Through the Words and Phrases252
- 14.2.2 Periodic Audits253
- 14.2.3 Creating a Historical Collection253
- 14.5 Using Data Profiling for Compliance254
- 14.6 Summary257
- 14.7 Reference257
- Chapter 15: Knowledge Management and Business Metadata259
- 15.1 Introduction259
- 15.2 What Is Knowledge Management (KM)?260
- 15.2.1 Why Is Knowledge Management Important?261
- 15.3 The Intersection of Business Metadata and Knowledge Management261
- 15.3.1 Knowledge Management Generates Business Metadata Artifacts262
- 15.3.2 Knowledge Management Example: Corporate Dictionary263
- 15.4 Business Metadata and Tacit Knowledge264
- 15.4.1 Making Tacit Knowledge Explicit264
- 15.4.2 The Knowledge-Sharing Environment: Nurturing Tacit Knowledge Transfer266
- 15.5 Building the Corporate Knowledge Base266
- 15.6 Knowledge Management in Practice267
- 15.7 Knowledge Management and Social Issues269
- 15.7.1 Graying of the Workforce269
- 15.7.2 The Effect of Socialization on Knowledge270
- 15.8 Summary270
- 15.9 References271
- Chapter 16: In Summary273
- 16.1 Introduction273
- 16.2 The Importance of Business Metadata274
- 16.3 Business Metadata and Metadata Initiatives275
- 16.4 The Essence of Business Metadata276
- 16.4.1 The Human to Computer Communication Problem276
- 16.5 Lessons Learned in the Field278
- 16.5.1 Business Rules and Business Change278
- 16.5.2 Virtual Knowledge Sharing via Groupware279
- 16.5.3 Enterprise Search279
- 16.6 What Does the Future Hold?280
- 16.6.1 Metadata Delivery280
- 16.6.2 Semantic Integration and Discovery280
- 16.6.3 Compliance280
- 16.6.4 Content Management and Unstructured Data Mining281
- 16.7 Resources281
- 16.8 Summary282
- Appendix: Metadata System of Record Example283
- Index287
People have a hard time communicating, and also have a hard time finding business knowledge in the environment. With the sophistication of search technologies like Google, business people expect to be able to get their questions answered about the business just like you can do an internet search. The truth is, knowledge management is primitive today, and it is due to the fact that we have poor business metadata management.
This book is about all the groundwork necessary for IT to really support the business properly. By providing not just data, but the context behind the data. For the IT professional, it will be tactically practical--very "how to" and a detailed approach to implementing best practices supporting knowledge management. And for the the IT or other manager who needs a guide for creating and justifying projects, it will help provide a strategic map.
* First book that helps businesses capture corporate (human) knowledge and unstructured data, and offer solutions for codifying it for use in IT and management.
* Written by Bill Inmon, one of the fathers of the data warehouse and well-known author, and filled with war stories, examples, and cases from current projects.
* Very practical, includes a complete metadata acquisition methodology and project plan to guide readers every step of the way.
* Includes sample unstructured metadata for use in self-testing and developing skills.
This book is about all the groundwork necessary for IT to really support the business properly. By providing not just data, but the context behind the data. For the IT professional, it will be tactically practical--very "how to" and a detailed approach to implementing best practices supporting knowledge management. And for the the IT or other manager who needs a guide for creating and justifying projects, it will help provide a strategic map.
* First book that helps businesses capture corporate (human) knowledge and unstructured data, and offer solutions for codifying it for use in IT and management.
* Written by Bill Inmon, one of the fathers of the data warehouse and well-known author, and filled with war stories, examples, and cases from current projects.
* Very practical, includes a complete metadata acquisition methodology and project plan to guide readers every step of the way.
* Includes sample unstructured metadata for use in self-testing and developing skills.