Elsevier S & T

Conservation Biological Control

Barbosa, Pedro A.

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Table of contents

Conservation Biological Controliii
Copyright Pageiv
Contentsv
Contributorsxvii
Prefacexx
CHAPTER 1. CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE1
I. INTRODUCTION1
II. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT2
III. CURRENT SITUATION4
IV. CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE4
V. CONCLUDING REMARKS6
REFERENCES6
CHAPTER 2. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY: LESSONS FOR CONSERVING NATURAL ENEMIES9
I. INTRODUCTION9
II. LESSONS FROM CONSERVATION BIOLOGY10
III. CONCLUSION. CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, POLICY, AND CHANGING PERSPECTIVES26
REFERENCES27
CHAPTER 3. AGROECOSYSTEMS AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL39
I. INTRODUCTION39
II. THE NATURE OF MANAGED HABITATS AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL40
III. THE NATURE OF THE HERBIVORE COMMUNITIES AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL45
IV. THE NATURE OF THE NATURAL ENEMY COMMUNITY AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL47
REFERENCES53
CHAPTER 4. THE INFLUENCE OF PLANTS ON INSECT PARASITOIDS: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL C55
I. INTRODUCTION55
II. INFLUENCE OF PLANT PATCH STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY (INTER- AND INTRAPATCH TRAITS)56
III. INFLUENCE OF SINGLE PLANTS ON WITHIN-PLANT PARASITOID RESPONSES AND SURVIVAL65
IV. CONCLUSIONS: CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES71
REFERENCES71
CHAPTER 5. INFLUENCE OF PLANTS ON INVERTEBRATE PREDATORS: IMPLICATIONS TO CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CO83
I. INTRODUCTION83
II. PLANT MORPHOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY85
III. PLANT ARCHITECTURE AND CANOPY STRUCTURE88
IV. PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY IN AND AROUND AGROECOSYSTEMS89
V. CONCLUSIONS92
REFERENCES93
CHAPTER 6. ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE CONSERVATION OF EFFECTIVE PARASITOID COMMUNITIES IN AGRI101
I. INTRODUCTION101
II. DISTURBANCE REGIMES IN UNMANAGED AND AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS103
III. PARASITOID METAPOPULATIONS IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS111
IV. PARASITOID COMMUNITY DYNAMICS IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS113
V. CONCLUSIONS115
REFERENCES117
CHAPTER 7. HABITAT ENHANCEMENT AND CONSERVATION OF NATURAL ENEMIES OF INSECTS123
I. INTRODUCTION123
II. AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE MOSAICS124
III. IDENTIFYING ESSENTIAL RESOURCES: BASES FOR HABITAT MODIFICATION126
IV. CONCLUSIONS128
REFERENCES130
CHAPTER 8. SOWN WEED STRIPS: ARTIFICIAL ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION AREAS AS AN IMPORTANT TOOL IN CONSER133
I. INTRODUCTION133
II. HOW TO CREATE SOWN WEED STRIPS134
III. ENHANCING DIVERSITY OF BENEFICIALS139
IV. HERBIVORES: PROMOTING BIODIVERSITY, BUT NOT OF PESTS142
V MECHANISMS148
VI. CONCLUSIONS150
REFERENCES151
CHAPTER 9. HABITAT MANIPULATION AND NATURAL ENEMY EFFICIENCY: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF PESTS155
I. INTRODUCTION155
II. ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES GUIDING HABITAT MANIPULATION157
III. PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HABITAT MANIPULATION163
IV. INTEGRATION OF HABITAT MANIPULATION WITH OTHER PEST MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES176
V. CONCLUSIONS177
REFERENCES178
CHAPTER 10. NATURALLY OCCURRING BIOLOGICAL CONTROLS IN GENETICALLY ENGINEERED CROPS185
I. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW185
II. GENETIC ENGINEERING FOR INSECT RESISTANCE186
III. GENETIC ENGINEERING FOR IMPROVED HORTICULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS196
IV. CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AND MARKETING GENETICALLY ENGINEERED CROPS199
V CONCLUSIONS201
REFERENCES201
CHAPTER 11. PESTICIDES AND CONSERVATION OF NATURAL ENEMIES207
I. INTRODUCTION207
II. EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON NATURAL ENEMIES208
III. RELATIVE ROLES OF PESTICIDES AND NATURAL ENEMIES IN IPM213
IV. CONCLUSION217
REFERENCES217
CHAPTER 12. CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF MOBILE PESTS: PROBLEMS AND TACTICS221
I. INTRODUCTION221
II. EFFECTIVE NATURAL ENEMIES OF MOBILE PESTS223
III. CONSERVING NATURAL ENEMIES OF MOBILE PESTS227
IV CONCLUSIONS230
REFERENCES230
CHAPTER 13. A CONSERVATION APPROACH TO USING ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES IN TURF AND LANDSCAPES235
I. INTRODUCTION235
II. NEMATODE BIOLOGY236
III. PRESENT USES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES INCLUDING CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL237
IV. ECOLOGICAL UNDERPINNINGS240
V. NEMATODE INTERACTIONS WITH NATURAL HOST POPULATIONS247
VI. CONCLUSIONS249
REFERENCES251
CHAPTER 14. ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATION FOR MICROBIAL CONTROL OF INSECTS255
I. INTRODUCTION255
II. BASIS IN EPIZOOTIOLOGY/ECOLOGY256
III. RESEARCH ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATION257
IV. SELECTION OF SYSTEMS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATION262
V CONCLUSION265
REFERENCES265
CHAPTER 15. DEPLOYMENT OF THE PREDACEOUS ANTS AND THEIR CONSERVATION IN AGROECOSYSTEMS269
I. INTRODUCTION269
II. EXAMPLES OF THE DEPLOYMENT OF ANTS FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL269
III. THE ROLE OF ANTS AS NATURAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS275
IV. DRAWING GENERALIZATIONS FROM THE EXAMPLES276
V THE INTERFACE BETWEEN AGROECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY283
REFERENCES284
CHAPTER 16. CONSERVATION OF APHIDOPHAGA IN PECAN ORCHARDS291
I. INTRODUCTION291
II. PECAN APHID BIOLOGY AND CONTROL293
III. NATURAL ENEMIES OF PECAN APHIDS294
IV. CONSERVING NATURAL ENEMIES OF PECAN INSECTS295
V ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES IN PECAN ORCHARDS298
VI. DISCUSSION299
REFERENCES299
CHAPTER 17. CONSERVATION BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SPIDER MITES IN PERENNIAL CROPPING SYSTEMS307
I. INTRODUCTION307
II. SUCCESSFUL MITE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN PERENNIAL CROPPING SYSTEMS309
III. PATTERNS OF MITE PREDATOR-PREY DYNAMICS IN NEW YORK APPLES314
IV. GENERALIZATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH319
V. SUMMARY327
REFERENCES328
CHAPTER 18. CONSERVING EPIPHYTIC MICROORGANISMS ON FRUITS AND VEGETABLES FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL335
I. INTRODUCTION335
II. DEFINING BIOLOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEMS337
III. THE POSTHARVEST ENVIRONMENT: OPPORTUNITIES FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL339
IV. MULTIFACETED BIOLOGICAL CONTROL340
V CONSERVING AND PROMOTING NATURALLY OCCURRING EPIPHYTIC ANTAGONISTS: AN IPM PERSPECTIVE341
VI. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON EPIPHYTIC MICROORGANISMS343
VII. GENETIC CONTROL OF THE ANTAGONISTS' ENVIRONMENT345
VIIl. THE ROAD NOT TRAVELED: EPILOGUE346
REFERENCES347
CHAPTER 19. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SOIL-BORNE PATHOGENS WITH RESIDENT VERSUS INTRODUCED ANTAGONISTS:351
I. INTRODUCTION351
II. THE BASES OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SOIL-BORNE PATHOGENS352
III. THE COMPLEXITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND INTERACTIONS THEREIN358
IV. A WAY TO SORT OUT AND UNDERSTAND MULTIVARIATE COMPLEXITY: THE USE OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS359
V. FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL; INUNDATIVE RELEASE OR MANIPULATION OF THE ENVIRO361
VI. CONCLUSION365
REFERENCES367
CHAPTER 20. CONSERVATION STRATEGIES FOR THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS371
I. INTRODUCTION371
II. FACTORS THAT LIMIT THE SUCCESS OF WEED BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS372
III. CONSERVATION AND USE OF NATIVE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS384
IV CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS387
REFERENCES388

Book details

Vendor Elsevier S & T
SKU 9780120781478
ISBN-13 9780080529806
Author Barbosa, Pedro A.
Category Science
Subject Entomology

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This volume is a comprehensive treatment of how the principles of ecology and conservation biology can be used to maximize biological control. Conservation Biological Control presents various means to modify or manipulate the environment to enhance the activities of natural enemies of pests. It establishes a conceptual link between ecology and the agricultural use of agents for biological control, and discusses both theoretical issues as well as practical management concerns. Certain to be interesting to ecologists and entomologists, this volume will also appeal to scientists, faculty, researchers and students interested in pest management, horticulture, plant sciences, and agriculture.

Key Features
* Contains chapters by an international team of leading authorities
* Establishes a conceptual link between ecology and the agricultural use of agents for biological control
* Discusses both theoretical issues as well as practical management concerns
* Provides specific examples of how conservation principles are used to maximize the biological control of pests

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