Elsevier S & T

Current Topics in Developmental Biology

Schatten, Gerald P.

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Table of contents
  • Contentsv
  • Contributorsix
  • Prefacexi
  • Chapter 1: Similarities Between Angiogenesis and Neural Development: What Small Animal Models Can Te1
  • I. Introduction2
  • II. Small Animal Models to Study Blood and Vessel Guidance4
  • A. Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode Worm)5
  • B. D. melanogaster (Fruit Fly)9
  • C. Zebrafish13
  • D. Xenopus16
  • III. Vascular and Neural Cell-Fate Specification20
  • IV. Molecular Links Between Angiogenesis and Neurogenesis22
  • V. Similarities in the Organization of Vascular and Neural Boundaries24
  • VI. Molecular Cues Involved in Nerve and Vessel Guidance26
  • A. Axon Growth Cones and Endothelial Tip Cells26
  • B. Common Signals for Axon and Blood Vessel Wiring28
  • VII. Perspectives41
  • Acknowledgments42
  • References42
  • Chapter 2: Junction Restructuring and Spermatogenesis: The Biology, Regulation, and Implication in M57
  • I. Introduction58
  • II. Anchoring Junctions in the Testes: An Update60
  • A. Actin-Based Adherencs Junctions60
  • B. Testis-Specific AJs: ES and TBC60
  • C. Intermediate Filament-Based Anchoring Junctions62
  • III. Roles of ECM Proteins in Junction Dynamics in the Testes63
  • A. Collagens63
  • B. Laminins64
  • C. Laminin Receptors69
  • IV. Role of Androgens in Junction Dynamics in Testes72
  • A. Introduction72
  • B. Models to Study the Role of Androgen in Spermatogenesis73
  • V. Regulation of Junction Turnover by Protein Endocytosis and Recycling76
  • A. An Overview76
  • B. Recent Advances on Studies Investigating the Role of Endocytosis in Junction Dynamics in the Test77
  • VI. Regulation of Junction Dynamics by Myoid Cells79
  • VII. Environmental Toxicants: Are They Targeting the Tight and/or Anchoring Junction?81
  • VIII. Concluding Remarks82
  • Acknowledgments83
  • References83
  • Chapter 3: Substrates of the Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase System and Their Physiological Relevance93
  • I. Introduction94
  • A. Msr System95
  • II. Regulated Substrates96
  • A. Alpha1-Antitrypsin97
  • B. Calmodulin97
  • C. High-Density Lipoprotein98
  • D. Inhibitor of Kappa B-Alpha100
  • E. Potassium Channels100
  • F. Thrombomodulin102
  • G. Tissue Plasminogen Activator102
  • III. Scavenging Substrates103
  • A. Blood Clotting Cascade/Fibrinolysis103
  • B. Cytokines104
  • C. Enzymes106
  • D. Heat Shock Proteins106
  • E. Hormones108
  • F. Mucus Protease Inhibitor108
  • IV. Modified Substrates with "Damaged" Effects109
  • A. Enzymes109
  • B. Heme Proteins112
  • C. Hormones113
  • D. Neurodegenerative Disease Associated116
  • E. Serine Protease Inhibitors (Serpins)119
  • F. Snake Venom Toxins120
  • G. Miscellaneous Substrates121
  • V. Discussion123
  • References125
  • Chapter 4: Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptides at the Blood-Brain and Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid135
  • I. Introduction136
  • II. BBB Structure and Function136
  • III. BCSFB Structure and Function138
  • IV. The OATP/Oatp Superfamily140
  • V. Molecular Architecture of the Oatp Superfamily142
  • VI. Oatp Substrate Structural Features145
  • VII. OATP/Oatp Expression and Action at the BBB and BCSFB148
  • VIII. Specific Oatps/Oatps Expressed at BBB and BCSFB151
  • A. Oatp1a1151
  • B. OATP1A2151
  • C. Oatp1a4153
  • D. Oatp1a5153
  • E. Oatp1c1154
  • F. Oatp2a1154
  • IX. PG Metabolism and Oatps155
  • X. Oatp-Mediated Transport of Conjugated Endobiotics158
  • XI. Oxidation, Conjugation, and Transport Metabolism of DHEA and Estradiol (E2) in the Brain159
  • A. Oxidative Metabolism159
  • B. Conjugation Metabolism160
  • C. Transport Metabolism161
  • XII. Summary163
  • Acknowledgments164
  • References164
  • Chapter 5: Mechanisms and Evolution of Environmental Responses in Caenorhabditis elegans171
  • I. Introduction172
  • II. Interactions Between Organism and Environment173
  • A. Environmental Effects on the Phenotype173
  • B. Environmental Sensitivity of the Phenotype173
  • C. Role and Evolutionary Significance of Environmental Sensitivity of Development175
  • III. The Nematode C. elegans176
  • A. General Biology176
  • B. Natural Environment177
  • C. Laboratory Environment179
  • IV. Overview of C. elegans Responses to the Environment180
  • A. Perception and Transduction of Environmental Signals180
  • B. Global Responses in Physiology and Gene Expression182
  • C. Stress Responses182
  • D. Immune Responses183
  • E. Behavioral Responses183
  • F. Developmental, Morphological, and Life History Responses184
  • G. Evolution of Environmental Responses184
  • V. Phenotypic Plasticity of C. elegans Dauer Formation186
  • A. Characteristics of the Dauer Larva186
  • B. Environmental Cues Regulating Dauer Development187
  • C. Perception and Transduction of Environmental Cues188
  • D. Evolution of Dauer Formation189
  • VI. Environmental Robustness of C. elegans Vulva Formation190
  • A. Vulva Development191
  • B. Environmental Robustness of the Final Vulva Phenotype193
  • C. Environmental Sensitivity of Vulva Developmental Processes194
  • D. Developmental and Molecular Features Causing Robustness to Variation in the Environment195
  • E. Evolution of Vulval Development197
  • VII. Conclusion198
  • Acknowledgments198
  • References199
  • Chapter 6: Molluscan Shell Proteins: Primary Structure, Origin, and Evolution209
  • I. Introduction: The Shell, a Biologically Controlled Mineralization210
  • II. Molluscan Shell Formation: Developmental Aspects212
  • A. The Larval Shell212
  • B. The Juvenile and Adult Shell217
  • C. Transient Amorphous Calcium Carbonate220
  • III. The Topographic Models of Shell Mineralization221
  • A. Early Nacre Descriptions and Models222
  • B. Recent Nacre Models and Evolving Views224
  • C. Prism Models226
  • IV. Molluscan Shell Proteins: Characterization of Their Primary Structure229
  • A. Extremely Acidic Shell Proteins231
  • B. Moderately Acidic Shell Proteins234
  • C. Basic Shell Proteins238
  • D. Partially Characterized Shell Proteins241
  • E. Other Molluscan Proteins: The Extrapallial Fluid and the Mantle248
  • F. Remarks on Molluscan Shell Proteins251
  • V. Origin and Evolution of Molluscan Shell Proteins254
  • A. The Cambrian Origin of Mollusk Shell Mineralization254
  • B. The "Ancient Heritage" Scenario256
  • C. The "Recent Heritage and Fast Evolution" Scenario258
  • D. Long-Term Evolution of Shell Matrices and Microstructures: The Bivalve Example260
  • VI. Concluding Remarks262
  • Acknowledgments263
  • References263
  • Chapter 7: Pathophysiology of the Blood-Brain Barrier: Animal Models and Methods277
  • I. The Blood-Brain Barrier278
  • A. Introduction278
  • B. Regulation of Paracellular Permeability279
  • C. Catalyzed Transport and Biotransformation282
  • D. Endocytotic Transport284
  • E. The Neurovascular Unit and the Limitations of In Vitro Models285
  • II. Animal-Based Methods in BBB Pathophysiology285
  • A. General Considerations285
  • B. Brain Uptake Measurements287
  • C. In Vivo Imaging290
  • D. Genomic/Proteomic Approaches291
  • III. BBB Dysfunction as a Complication of Peripheral Disease292
  • A. The BBB in CNS Disease292
  • B. The BBB in Diabetes293
  • C. Inflammatory Pain and the BBB294
  • IV. The BBB in Disease Etiology295
  • V. Concluding Remarks297
  • Acknowledgments297
  • References297
  • Chapter 8: Genetic Manipulation of Megakaryocytes to Study Platelet Function311
  • I. Introduction312
  • II. Culture and Differentiation of Megakaryocytes313
  • A. Bone Marrow-Derived Megakaryocytes315
  • B. Feta Liver-Derived Megakaryocytes316
  • C. Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Megakaryocytes316
  • D. Other Sources of Megakaryocytes318
  • E. Characterization of Megakaryocytes318
  • III. Genetic Manipulation of Megakaryocytes320
  • A. Sindbis Virus-Mediated Transduction320
  • B. Retrovirus-Mediated Transduction320
  • C. Lentivirus-Mediated Transduction323
  • D. RNA Interference in Megakaryocytes325
  • IV. Current Use and Future Application of Megakaryocytes325
  • A. Use of Megakaryocytes to Study Integrin aIIbbeta3 Signaling325
  • B. The Study of Proplatelet Formation in Cultured Megakaryocytes329
  • C. Potential Uses of Human Megakaryocytes to Treat Inherited Platelet Disorders330
  • Acknowledgments331
  • References332
  • Chapter 9: Genetics and Epigenetics of the Multifunctional Protein CTCF337
  • I. History of CTCF Discovery338
  • II. Multifunctional Nature of CTCF Versus Its Multiple Sequence Specificity338
  • III. CTCF Functions in Epigenetic Regulation in Development344
  • A. Regulation of Genomic Imprinting344
  • B. CTCF Role in X-Chromosome Inactivation345
  • IV. CTCF Function in Chromatin Organization of Repetitive Elements346
  • V. Is CTCF a Tumor Suppressor Gene?348
  • A. Genetic Basis for Deregulation of CTCF in Cancer348
  • B. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Selective Loss of CTCF Function in Cancer350
  • C. Genetics and Epigenetics of CTCF in Cancer351
  • VI. Concluding Remarks353
  • Acknowledgments353
  • References354
  • Index361
  • Contents of Previous Volumes373
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780123739148
  • ISBN-13 9780080554303
  • Author Schatten, Gerald P.
  • Category Science
  • Subject Molecular Biology

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This serial provides a comprehensive survey of the major topics in the field of developmental biology. These volumes are valuable to researchers in animal and plant development, as well as to students and professionals who want an introduction to cellular and molecular mechanisms of development. The series has recently passed its 30-year mark, making it the longest-running forum for contemporary issues in developmental biology.

Volume 80 provides seven chapters on the latest research in developmental biology.