Encyclopedia of Volcanoes

Sigurdsson, Haraldur; Houghton, Bruce; Rymer, Hazel; Stix, John; McNutt, Steve

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Table of contents
  • Cover
  • Encyclopedia of Volcanoesiii
  • Contentsv
  • Article Indexxi
  • Contributorsxiii
  • Forewordxix
  • Prefacexxi
  • Guide to the Encyclopediaxxiii
  • Introduction1
  • The History of Volcanology15
  • Part I: Origin and Transport of Magma38
  • Chapter 1. Mantle of the Earth41
  • Chapter 2. Melting the Mantle55
  • Chapter 3. Migration of Melt69
  • Chapter 4. Plate Tectonics and Volcanism89
  • Chapter 5. Composition of Magmas115
  • Chapter 6. Origin of Magmas133
  • Chapter 7. Volatiles in Magmas149
  • Chapter 8. Physical Properties of Magmas171
  • Chapter 9. Magma Chambers191
  • Chapter 10. Rates of Magma Ascent207
  • Chapter 11. Plumbing Systems219
  • Chapter 12. Magma Ascent at Shallow Levels237
  • Part II: Eruption246
  • Chapter 13. Earth's Volcanoes and Eruptions: An Overview249
  • Chapter 14. Sizes of Volcanic Eruptions263
  • Chapter 15. Volcanic Episodes and Rates of Volcanism271
  • Part III. Effusive Volcanism280
  • Chapter 16. Basaltic Volcanoes and Volcanic Systems283
  • Chapter 17. Lava Flows and Flow Fields291
  • Chapter 18. Lava Domes and Coulees307
  • Chapter 19. Lava Fountains and Their Products321
  • Chapter 20. Basaltic Volcanic Fields331
  • Chapter 21. Flood Basalt Provinces345
  • Chapter 22. Submarine Lavas and Hyaloclastite361
  • Chapter 23. Seamounts and Island Building383
  • Chapter 24. Subglacial Eruptions403
  • Part IV: Explosive Volcanism419
  • Chapter 25. Magmatic Fragmentation421
  • Chapter 26. Phreatomagmatic Fragmentation431
  • Chapter 27. Hawaiian and Strombolian Eruptions447
  • Chapter 28. Vulcanian Eruptions463
  • Chapter 29. Plinian and Subplinian Eruptions477
  • Chapter 30. Surtseyan and Related Phreatomagmatic Eruptions495
  • Chapter 31. Phreatoplinian Eruptions513
  • Chapter 32. Volcanic Plumes527
  • Chapter 33. Pyroclast Transport and Deposition545
  • Chapter 34. Pyroclastic Fall Deposits555
  • Chapter 35. Pyroclastic Surges and Blasts571
  • Chapter 36. Ignimbrites and Block-And-Ash Flow Deposits581
  • Chapter 37. Lahars601
  • Chapter 38. Debris Avalanches617
  • Chapter 39. Volcaniclastic Sedimentation around Island Arcs627
  • Chapter 40. Calderas643
  • Chapter 41. Composite Volcanoes663
  • Chapter 42. Scoria Cones and Tuff Rings683
  • Part V: Extraterrestrial Volcanism695
  • Chapter 43. Volcanism on the Moon697
  • Chapter 44. Volcanism on Io709
  • Chapter 45. Volcanism on Venus727
  • Chapter 46. Volcanism on Mars771
  • Chapter 47. Cryovolcanism in the Outer Solar System785
  • Part VI: Volcanic Interactions801
  • Chapter 48. Volcanic Gases803
  • Chapter 49. Geothermal Systems817
  • Chapter 50. Surface Manifestations of Geothermal Systems with Volcanic Heat Sources835
  • Chapter 51. Deep Ocean Hydrothermal Vents857
  • Chapter 52. Volcanic Lakes877
  • Chapter 53. Mineral Deposits Associated with Volcanism897
  • Part VII: Volcanic Hazards913
  • Chapter 54. Volcanic Ash Hazards to Aviation915
  • Chapter 55. Volcanic Aerosol and Global Atmospheric Effects931
  • Chapter 56. Hazards from Pyroclastic Flows and Surges945
  • Chapter 57. Lava Flow Hazards957
  • Chapter 58. The Hazard from Lahars and Jökulhlaups973
  • Chapter 59. Hazards of Volcanic Gases997
  • Chapter 60. Volcanic Tsunamis1005
  • Chapter 61. Volcanic Seismicity1015
  • Chapter 62. Impacts of Eruptions on Human Health1035
  • Chapter 63. Volcanic Contributions to the Carbon and Sulfur Geochemical Cycles and Global Change1045
  • Chapter 64. The Ecology of Volcanoes: Recovery and Reassembly of Living Communities1057
  • Chapter 65. Volcanism and Biotic Extinctions1083
  • Part VIII: Eruption Response and Mitigation1093
  • Chapter 66. Seismic Monitoring1095
  • Chapter 67. Ground Deformation, Gravity, and Magnetics1121
  • Chapter 68. Gas, Plume, and Thermal Monitoring1141
  • Chapter 69. Synthesis of Volcano Monitoring1165
  • Chapter 70. Volcano Warnings1185
  • Chapter 71. Volcanic Crises Management1199
  • Chapter 72. Volcanic Hazards and Risk Management1215
  • Chapter 73. Risk Education and Intervention1229
  • Part IX: Economic Benefits and Cultural Aspects of Volcanism1241
  • Chapter 74. Exploitation of Geothermal Resources1243
  • Chapter 75. Volcanic Soils1259
  • Chapter 76. Volcanic Materials in Commerce and Industry1271
  • Chapter 77. Volcanoes and Tourism1283
  • Chapter 78. Archaeology and Volcanism1301
  • Chapter 79. Volcanoes in Art1315
  • Chapter 80. Volcanoes in Literature and Film1339
  • Appendix 1: Common Units and Conversion Factors1361
  • Appendix 2: Catalog of Historically Active Volcanoes on Earth1365
  • Acknowledgments1385
  • Index1389
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780126431407
  • ISBN-13 9780080547985
  • Author Sigurdsson, Haraldur; Houghton, Bruce; Rymer, Hazel; Stix, John; McNutt, Steve
  • Category Science
  • Subject Reference

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Volcanoes are unquestionably one of the most spectacular and awe-inspiring features of the physical world. Our paradoxical fascination with them stems from their majestic beauty and powerful, if sometimes deadly, destructiveness.
Notwithstanding the tremendous advances in volcanology since ancient times, some of the mystery surrounding volcanic eruptions remains today. The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes summarizes our present knowledge of volcanoes. Through its thematic organization around the melting of the earth, it provides a comprehensive source of information on the multidisciplinary influences of volcanic eruptions--both the destructive as well as the beneficial aspects.
The majority of the chapters focus on the geoscience-related aspects of volcanism (radioactive heat source, melting rock, ascent of magma, surface phenomena associated with exiting magma, extraterrestrial volcanism, etc.). In addition, complementary chapters discuss the multidisciplinary aspects of volcanism; these include the history of volcanology, geothermal energy resources, interaction with the oceans and atmosphere, health aspects of volcanism, mitigation of volcanic disasters, post-eruption ecology, and the impact of eruptions on organismal biodiversity.

In addition to its appeal to educators, students, and professional and amateur scientists, the Encyclopedia of Volcanoes functions as an important information resource for administrators and officials responsible for developing and implementing volcanic hazard mitigation around the world.

* The first and only reference work to cover all aspects of volcanology
* More than 80 separate peer-reviewed articles--all original contributions by leading authors from major institutions of science around the world, commissioned for this work
* An integrated transition from the volcanic process through hazards, risk, and societal impacts, with an emphasis on how volcanoes have influenced and shaped society
* Convenient single-volume format with topics arranged thematically--articles provide coverage of nine different aspects of volcanology
* Each entry in the Encyclopedia begins with an outline of the article content and a concise definition of the subject of the article
* 3,000 Glossary entries explain key terms
* Further Reading lists appear at the end of each entry
* Extensive cross-referencing system links related articles
* Sixteen pages of color will convey the science and excitement of this often violent phenomena
* Large 8 1/2" x 11" page size, easy-to-read double-column format