Fiber Bragg Gratings
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Table of contents
- Contentsvii
- Prefacexiii
- Chapter 1. Introduction1
- 1.1 Historical perspective2
- 1.2 Materials for glass fibers4
- 1.3 Origins of the refractive index of glass6
- 1.4 Overview of chapters8
- References11
- Chapter 2. Photosensitivity and Photosensitization of Optical Fibers13
- 2.1 Photorefractivity and photosensitivity14
- 2.2 Defects in glass16
- 2.3 Detection of defects19
- 2.4 Photosensitization techniques20
- 2.5 Densification and stress in fibers35
- 2.6 Summary of photosensitive mechanisms in germanosilicate fibers36
- 2.7 Summary of routes to photosentization38
- Chapter 3. Fabrication of Bragg Gratings55
- 3.1 Methods for fiber Bragg grating fabrication55
- 3.2 Type II gratings101
- 3.3 Type IIA gratings101
- 3.4 Sources for holographic writing of gratings102
- Chapter 4. Theory of Fiber Bragg Gratings119
- 4.1 Wave Propagation121
- 4.2 Coupled-mode theory125
- 4.3 Coupling of counterpropagating guided modes142
- 4.4 Codirectional coupling145
- 4.5 Polarization couplers: Rocking filters148
- 4.6 Properties of uniform Bragg gratings152
- 4.7 Radiation mode couplers157
- 4.8 Grating simulation178
- 4.9 Multilayer analysis185
- Chapter 5. Apodization of Fiber Gratings195
- 5.1 Apodization shading functions197
- 5.2 Basic principles and methodology199
- 5.3 Fabrication requirements for apodization and chirp221
- References223
- Chapter 6. Fiber Grating Band-pass Filters227
- 6.1 Distributed feedback, Fabry–Perot, superstructures, and moiré gratings229
- 6.2 The Fabry–Perot and moiré band-pass filters242
- 6.3 The Michelson interferometer band-pass filter246
- 6.4 The Mach-Zehnder interferometer band-pass filter260
- 6.5 The optical circulator based OADM265
- 6.6 The polarizing beam splitter band-pass filter272
- 6.7 In-coupler Bragg grating filters276
- 6.8 Side-tap and long-period grating band-pass filters288
- 6.9 Polarization rocking band-pass filter293
- 6.10 Mode converters297
- References300
- Chapter 7. Chirped Fiber Bragg Gratings311
- 7.1 General characteristics of chirped gratings312
- 7.2 Chirped and step-chirped gratings317
- 7.3 Super-step-chirped gratings332
- 7.4 Polarization mode dispersion in chirped gratings336
- 7.5 Systems measurements with DCGs339
- 7.6 Other applications of chirped gratings346
- References347
- Chapter 8. Fiber Grating Lasers and Amplifiers355
- 8.1 Fiber grating semiconductor lasers: The FGSL355
- 8.2 Static and dynamic properties of FGLs362
- 8.3 The fiber Bragg grating rare-earth-doped fiber laser370
- 8.4 Erbium-doped fiber lasers372
- 8.5 The distributed feedback fiber laser377
- 8.6 Bragg grating based pulsed sources380
- 8.7 Fiber grating resonant Raman amplifiers383
- 8.8 Gain-flattening and clamping in fiber amplifiers385
- Chapter 9. Measurement and Characterization of Gratings409
- 9.1 Measurement of reflection and transmission spectra of Bragg gratings410
- 9.2 Perfect Bragg gratings417
- 9.3 Phase and temporal response of Bragg gratings418
- 9.4 Strength, annealing, and lifetime of gratings435
- References441
- Index447
- Optics and Photonics (Formerly Quantum Electronics)459
Optical fibers have revolutionized telecommunication, becoming the most widely used and the most efficient device for relaying information over long distances. While the market for optical fiber continues to grow, the next stage in the field of communication is the mass delivery of integrated services, such as home banking, shopping, internet services, and entertainment using video on demand. The economies and performance potential will determine the type of technology likely to succeed in the provision of these services. But it is already clear that optical fibers will play a crucial role in communication systems of the future. The opportunities provided by fiber Bragg gratings are of enormous importance for the further development of the fiber optic communication lines as cost-effective and efficient devices of the future.
Fiber Bragg Gratings is the result of a growing demand for focused and reliable information on the subject. It brings together the fundamentals of fiber gratings, their specific characterizations, and numerous applications. In addition to researchers, scientists, and graduate students, it will be of interest to industrial practitioners in the field of fabrication of fiber optic materials and devices. It begins with the principles of fiber Bragg grating, from photosensitization of optical fibers, Bragg grating fabrication, theory, properties of grating, specific application, and concludes with measurement techniques.
* Addresses one of the most promising fields for future development in applied optics
* First book ever on the subject of fiber Bragg gratings
* Written by a pioneer in the field of optical communications
* Covers topics important to both research and industry
* Discusses theory, practical applications, and measurement
Fiber Bragg Gratings is the result of a growing demand for focused and reliable information on the subject. It brings together the fundamentals of fiber gratings, their specific characterizations, and numerous applications. In addition to researchers, scientists, and graduate students, it will be of interest to industrial practitioners in the field of fabrication of fiber optic materials and devices. It begins with the principles of fiber Bragg grating, from photosensitization of optical fibers, Bragg grating fabrication, theory, properties of grating, specific application, and concludes with measurement techniques.
* Addresses one of the most promising fields for future development in applied optics
* First book ever on the subject of fiber Bragg gratings
* Written by a pioneer in the field of optical communications
* Covers topics important to both research and industry
* Discusses theory, practical applications, and measurement