Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook: An Expert Guide to the Practical Operation, Design, and Optimization of FCC Units
Regular price
87.000 KD
inc. VAT
Couldn't load pickup availability
Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsvii
- Acknowledgmentsxi
- Preface to the Second Editionxii
- Chapter 1. Process Description1
- Feed Preheat6
- Riser-Reactor-Stripper7
- Regenerator-Heat/Catalyst Recovery13
- Main Fractionator22
- Gas Plant25
- Treating Facilities31
- Summary39
- References39
- Chapter 2. FCC Feed Characterization40
- Hydrocarbon Classification41
- Feedstock Physical Properties45
- Impurities54
- Empirical Correlations68
- Benefits of Hydroprocessing81
- Summary82
- References82
- Chapter 3. FCC Catalysts84
- Catalyst Components84
- Catalyst Manufacturing Techniques96
- Fresh Catalyst Properties99
- Equilibrium Catalyst Analysis102
- Catalyst Management109
- Catalyst Evaluation115
- Additives117
- Summary123
- References124
- Chapter 4. Chemistry of FCC Reactions125
- Thermal Cracking126
- Catalytic Cracking128
- Thermodynamic Aspects136
- Summary136
- References138
- Chapter 5. Unit Monitoring and Control139
- Material Balance140
- Heat Balance158
- Pressure Balance166
- Process Control Instrumentation177
- Summary180
- References181
- Chapter 6. Products and Economics182
- FCC Products182
- FCC Economics202
- Summary205
- References205
- Chapter 7. Project Management and Hardware Design206
- Project Management Aspects of an FCC Revamp206
- Process and Mechanical Design Guidelines212
- Summary232
- References232
- Chapter 8. Troubleshooting234
- Guidelines for Effective Troubleshooting235
- Catalyst Circulation236
- Catalyst Losses244
- Coking/Fouling248
- Flow Reversal251
- High Regenerator Temperature256
- Increase in Afterburn259
- Hydrogen Blistering260
- Hot Gas Expanders263
- Product Quantity and Quality264
- Summary275
- Chapter 9. Debottlenecking and Optimization276
- Introduction276
- Approach to Debottlenecking277
- Reactor/Regenerator Structure281
- Flue Gas System296
- FCC Catalyst296
- Instrumentation304
- Utilities/Offsites305
- Summary306
- Chapter 10. Emerging Trends in Fluidized Catalytic Cracking307
- Reformulated Fuels308
- Residual Fluidized Catalytic Cracking (RFCC)323
- Reducing FCC Emissions327
- Emerging Developments in Catalysts, Processes, and Hardware332
- Summary335
- References336
- Appendix 1. Temperature Variation of Liquid Viscosity338
- Appendix 2. Correction to Volumetric Average Boiling Point339
- Appendix 3. TOTAL Correlations340
- Appendix 4. n-d-M Correlations341
- Appendix 5. Estimation of Molecular Weight of Petroleum Oils from Viscosity Measurements342
- Appendix 6. Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt Universal Viscosity344
- Appendix 7. API Correlations345
- Appendix 8. Definitions of Fluidization Terms347
- Appendix 9. Conversion of ASTM 50% Point to TBP 50% Point Temperature350
- Appendix 10. Determination of TBP Cut Points from ASTM D-86351
- Appendix 11. Nominal Pipe Sizes353
- Conversion Factors355
- Glossary357
- Index363
- About the Author369
This thoroughly updated edition of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook provides practical information on the design, operation, troubleshooting, and optimization of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) facilities. Based on the author's years of field experience, this expanded, second edition covers the latest technologies to improve the profitability and reliability of the FCC units, and provides several "no-to-low-cost" practical recommendations. A new chapter supplies valuable recommendations for debottlenecking and optimizing the performance of cat cracker operations.