Foundations of Engineering Acoustics

Fahy, Frank J.

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Table of contents
  • Contentsv
  • Prefacexiii
  • Acknowledgementsxix
  • Chapter 1. Sound Engineering1
  • 1.1 The importance of sound1
  • 1.2 Acoustics and the engineer2
  • 1.3 Sound the servant3
  • Chapter 2. The Nature of Sound and Some Sound Wave Phenomena6
  • 2.1 Introduction6
  • 2.2 What is sound?6
  • 2.3 Sound and vibration7
  • 2.4 Sound in solids9
  • 2.5 A qualitative introduction to wave phenomena9
  • 2.6 Some more common examples of the behaviour of sound waves21
  • Chapter 3. Sound in Fluids23
  • 3.1 Introduction23
  • 3.2 The physical characteristics of fluids23
  • 3.3 Molecules and particles24
  • 3.4 Fluid pressure25
  • 3.5 Fluid temperature25
  • 3.6 Pressure, density and temperature in sound waves in a gas26
  • 3.7 Particle motion29
  • 3.8 Sound in liquids29
  • 3.9 Mathematical models of sound waves30
  • Chapter 4. Impedance48
  • 4.1 Introduction48
  • 4.2 Some simple examples of the utility of impedance50
  • 4.3 Mechanical impedance52
  • 4.4 Forms of acoustic impedance56
  • 4.5 An application of radiation impedance of a uniformly pulsating sphere72
  • 4.6 Radiation efficiency72
  • Chapter 5. Sound Energy and Intensity74
  • 5.1 The practical importance of sound energy74
  • 5.2 Sound energy75
  • 5.3 Transport of sound energy: sound intensity76
  • 5.4 Sound intensity in plane wave fields78
  • 5.5 Intensity and mean square pressure82
  • 5.6 Examples of ideal sound intensity fields82
  • 5.7 Sound intensity measurement88
  • 5.8 Determination of source sound power using sound intensity measurement91
  • 5.9 Other applications of sound intensity measurement92
  • Chapter 6. Sources of Sound96
  • 6.1 Introduction96
  • 6.2 Qualitative categorization of sources97
  • 6.3 The inhomogeneous wave equation106
  • 6.4 Ideal elementary source models106
  • 6.5 Sound radiation from vibrating plane surfaces124
  • 6.6 The vibrating circular piston and the cone loudspeaker126
  • 6.7 Directivity and sound power of distributed sources129
  • 6.8 Zones of a sound field radiated by a spatially extended source134
  • 6.9 Experimental methods for source sound power determination135
  • 6.10 Source characterization136
  • Chapter 7. Sound Absorption and Sound Absorbers140
  • 7.1 Introduction140
  • 7.2 The effects of viscosity, thermal diffusion and relaxation processes on sound in gases141
  • 7.3 Forms of porous sound absorbent material147
  • 7.4 Macroscopic physical properties of porous sound-absorbing materials149
  • 7.5 The modified equation for plane wave sound propagation in gases contained within rigid porous ma153
  • 7.6 Sound absorption by a plane surface of uniform impedance156
  • 7.7 Sound absorption by thin porous sheets163
  • 7.8 Sound absorption by thick sheets of rigid porous material167
  • 7.9 Sound absorption by flexible cellular and fibrous materials171
  • 7.10 The effect of perforated cover sheets on sound absorption by porous materials172
  • 7.11 Non-porous sound absorbers174
  • 7.12 Methods of measurement of boundary impedance and absorption coefficient178
  • Chapter 8. Sound in Waveguides181
  • 8.1 Introduction181
  • 8.2 Plane wave pulses in a uniform tube183
  • 8.3 Plane wave modes and natural frequencies of fluid in uniform waveguides187
  • 8.4 Response to harmonic excitation194
  • 8.5 A simple case of structure-fluid interaction199
  • 8.6 Plane waves in ducts that incorporate impedance discontinuities201
  • 8.7 Transverse modes of uniform acoustic waveguides211
  • 8.8 Harmonic excitation of waveguide modes220
  • 8.9 Energy flux in a waveguide of rectangular cross-section with rigid walls222
  • 8.10 Examples of the sound attenuation characteristics of lined ducts and splitter attenuators224
  • 8.11 Acoustic horns227
  • Chapter 9. Sound in Enclosures236
  • 9.1 Introduction236
  • 9.2 Some general features of sound fields in enclosures239
  • 9.3 Apology for the rectangular enclosure243
  • 9.4 The impulse response of fluid in a reverberant rectangular enclosure243
  • 9.5 Acoustic natural frequencies and modes of fluid in a rigid-walled rectangular enclosure245
  • 9.6 Modal energy248
  • 9.7 The effects of finite wall impedance on modal energy-time dependence in free vibration249
  • 9.8 The response of fluid in a rectangular enclosure to harmonic excitation by a point monopole sour251
  • 9.9 The sound power of a point monopole in a reverberant enclosure253
  • 9.10 Sound radiation into an enclosure by the vibration of a boundary254
  • 9.11 Probabilistic wave field models for enclosed sound fields at high frequency256
  • 9.12 Applications of the diffuse field model262
  • 9.13 A brief introduction to geometric (ray) acoustics267
  • Chapter 10. Structure-borne Sound270
  • 10.1 The nature and practical importance of structure-borne sound270
  • 10.2 Emphasis and content of the chapter274
  • 10.3 The energy approach to modelling structure-borne sound276
  • 10.4 Quasi-longitudinal waves in uniform rods and plates278
  • 10.5 The bending wave in uniform homogeneous beams279
  • 10.6 The bending wave in thin uniform homogeneous plates285
  • 10.7 Transverse plane waves in flat plates286
  • 10.8 Dispersion curves, wavenumber vector diagrams and modal density287
  • 10.9 Structure-borne wave energy and energy flux290
  • 10.10 Mechanical impedances of infinite, uniform rods, beams and plates293
  • 10.11 Wave energy transmission through junctions between structural components297
  • 10.12 Impedance, mobility and vibration isolation298
  • 10.13 Structure-borne sound generated by impact301
  • 10.14 Sound radiation by vibrating flat plates304
  • Chapter 11. Transmission of Sound through Partitions315
  • 11.1 Practical aspects of sound transmission through partitions315
  • 11.2 Transmission of normally incident plane waves through an unbounded partition315
  • 11.3 Transmission of sound through an unbounded flexible partition320
  • 11.4 Transmission of diffuse sound through a bounded partition in a baffle328
  • 11.5 Double-leaf partitions330
  • 11.6 Transmission of normally incident plane waves through an unbounded double-leaf partition331
  • 11.7 The effect of cavity absorption336
  • 11.8 Transmission of obliquely incident plane waves through an unbounded double-leaf partition338
  • 11.9 Close-fitting enclosures342
  • 11.10 A simple model of a noise control enclosure347
  • 11.11 Measurement of sound reduction index (transmission loss)348
  • Chapter 12. Reflection, Scattering, Diffraction and Refraction352
  • 12.1 Introduction352
  • 12.2 Scattering by a discrete body354
  • 12.3 Scattering by crowds of rigid bodies358
  • 12.4 Resonant scattering359
  • 12.5 Diffraction362
  • 12.6 Reflection by thin, plane rigid sheets373
  • 12.7 Refraction375
  • Appendix 1. Complex exponential representation of harmonic functions380
  • A1.1 Harmonic functions of time380
  • A1.2 Harmonic functions of space382
  • A1.3 CER of travelling harmonic plane waves382
  • A1.4 Operations on harmonically varying quantities represented by CER383
  • Appendix 2. Frequency Analysis384
  • A2.1 Introduction384
  • A2.2 Categories of signal385
  • A2.3 Fourier analysis of signals386
  • A2.4 Presentation of the results of frequency analysis392
  • A2.5 Frequency response functions392
  • A2.6 Impulse response393
  • Appendix 3. Spatial Fourier Analysis of Space-Dependent Variables394
  • A3.1 Wavenumber transform394
  • A3.2 Wave dispersion394
  • Appendix 4. Coherence and Cross-Correlation397
  • A4.1 Background397
  • A4.2 Correlation397
  • A4.3 Coherence398
  • A4.4 The relation between the cross-correlation and coherence functions399
  • Appendix 5. The Simple Oscillator401
  • A5.1 Free vibration of the undamped mass-spring oscillator401
  • A5.2 Impulse response of the undamped oscillator401
  • A5.3 The viscously damped oscillator402
  • A5.4 Impulse response of the viscously damped oscillator403
  • A5.5 Response of a viscously damped oscillator to harmonic excitation403
  • Appendix 6. Measures of Sound, Frequency Weighting and Noise Rating Indicators406
  • A6.1 Introduction406
  • A6.2 Pressure–time history406
  • A6.3 Mean square pressure407
  • A6.4 Sound pressure level408
  • A6.5 Sound intensity level408
  • A6.6 Sound power level408
  • A6.7 Standard reference curves409
  • Appendix 7. Demonstrations and Experiments411
  • A7.1 Introduction411
  • A7.2 Demonstrations411
  • A7.3 Formal laboratory class experiments415
  • Answers421
  • Bibliography430
  • References432
  • Index435
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780122476655R150
  • ISBN-13 9780080506838
  • Author Fahy, Frank J.
  • Category Technology & Engineering
  • Subject Acoustics & Sound

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Foundations of Engineering Acoustics takes the reader on a journey from a qualitative introduction to the physical nature of sound, explained in terms of common experience, to mathematical models and analytical results which underlie the techniques applied by the engineering industry to improve the acoustic performance of their products. The book is distinguished by extensive descriptions and explanations of audio-frequency acoustic phenomena and their relevance to engineering, supported by a wealth of diagrams, and by a guide for teachers of tried and tested class demonstrations and laboratory-based experiments.
Foundations of Engineering Acoustics is a textbook suitable for both senior undergraduate and postgraduate courses in mechanical, aerospace, marine, and possibly electrical and civil engineering schools at universities. It will be a valuable reference for academic teachers and researchers and will also assist Industrial Acoustic Group staff and Consultants.

Comprehensive and up-to-date: broad coverage, many illustrations, questions, elaborated answers, references and a bibliography
Introductory chapter on the importance of sound in technology and the role of the engineering acoustician
Deals with the fundamental concepts, principles, theories and forms of mathematical representation, rather than methodology
Frequent reference to practical applications and contemporary technology
Emphasizes qualitative, physical introductions to each principal as an entrée to mathematical analysis for the less theoretically oriented readers and courses
Provides a 'cook book' of demonstrations and laboratory-based experiments for teachers
Useful for discussing acoustical problems with non-expert clients/managers because the descriptive sections are couched in largely non-technical language and any jargon is explained
Draws on the vast pedagogic experience of the writer