Elsevier S & T

Fundamentals of Weed Science

Zimdahl, Robert L

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Table of contents

Copyright pageii
Contentsiii
PREFACExv
CHAPTER 1: Introduction1
LITERATURE CITED12
CHAPTER 2: Weeds„The Beginning15
I. DEFINITION OF THE WORD WEED16
II. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEEDS20
III. HARMFUL ASPECTS OF WEEDS23
IV. COST OF WEEDS33
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT38
LITERATURE CITED39
CHAPTER 3: Weed Classification43
I. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS45
II. A NOTE ABOUT NAMES46
III. CLASSIFICATION METHODS48
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT57
LITERATURE CITED57
CHAPTER 4: Ethnobotany59
I. FOOD FOR HUMANS60
II. FEED FOR ANIMALS64
III. MEDICAL USES66
IV. AGRICULTURAL USES68
V. ORNAMENTAL USES69
VI. INSECT OR DISEASE TRAPS70
VII. POLLUTION CONTROL72
VIII. OTHER USES74
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT76
LITERATURE CITED76
CHAPTER 5: Weed Reproduction and Dispersal79
I. SEED PRODUCTION80
II. SEED DISPERSAL88
III. SEED GERMINATION„DORMANCY101
IV. VEGETATIVE OR ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION114
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT118
LITERATURE CITED118
CHAPTER 6: Weed Ecology123
I. HUMAN INFLUENCES ON WEED ECOLOGY125
II. THE WEED-CROP ECOSYSTEM128
III. ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS130
IV. FUNDAMENTAL ECOLOGICAL CONCEPTS136
V. PLANT COMPETITION146
VI. PLANT CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPETITIVENESS164
VII. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WEED DENSITY AND CROP YIELD165
VIII. MAGNITUDE OF COMPETITIVE LOSS169
IX. DURATION OF COMPETITION172
X. ECONOMIC ANALYSES176
XI. MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF COMPETITION178
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT180
LITERATURE CITED180
CHAPTER 7: Invasive Plants187
I. THE DEFINITION OF INVASIVE SPECIES187
II. THE IDENTITY OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES190
III. WHY DO INVASIONS OCCUR?197
IV. THE CONSEQUENCES OF PLANT INVASIONS203
V. MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES214
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT221
LITERATURE CITED221
CHAPTER 8: Allelopathy227
I. ALLELOPATHIC CHEMISTRY233
II. PRODUCTION OF ALLELOCHEMICALS235
III. ALLELOPATHY AND WEED-CROP ECOLOGY237
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT243
LITERATURE CITED243
CHAPTER 9: The Significance of Plant Competition247
I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS247
II. CHARACTERISTICS OF WEEDS255
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT257
LITERATURE CITED257
CHAPTER 10: Methods of Weed Management and Control259
I. THE DEFINITIONS OF WEED PREVENTION, CONTROL, ERADICATION, AND MANAGEMENT260
II. WEED PREVENTION262
III. MECHANICAL CONTROL269
IV. NONMECHANICAL METHODS288
V. CULTURAL WEED CONTROL295
VI. HERBICIDE-RESISTANT CROPS311
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT317
LITERATURE CITED317
CHAPTER 11: Biological Weed Control327
I. GENERAL327
II. METHODS OF APPLICATION335
III. BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS338
IV. INTEGRATION OF TECHNIQUES350
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT351
LITERATURE CITED352
CHAPTER 12: Introduction to Chemical Weed Control357
I. HISTORY OF CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL358
II. ADVANTAGES OF HERBICIDES367
III. DISADVANTAGES OF HERBICIDES374
IV. CLASSIFICATION OF HERBICIDES383
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT391
LITERATURE CITED391
CHAPTER 13: Properties and Uses of Herbicides395
I. INTRODUCTION395
II. LIGHT-DEPENDENT HERBICIDES398
III. FATTY ACID BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS407
IV. CELL GROWTH INHIBITION414
V. AUXIN-LIKE ACTION„GROWTH REGULATORS417
VI. AMINO ACID BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS424
VII. INHIBITORS OF RESPIRATION428
VIII. UNKNOWN MECHANISM OF ACTION430
IX. SUMMARY432
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT434
LITERATURE CITED434
CHAPTER 14: Herbicides and Plants437
I. FACTORS AFFECTING HERBICIDE PERFORMANCE438
II. GENERAL438
III. FOLIAR ACTIVE HERBICIDES445
IV. PHYSIOLOGY OF HERBICIDES IN PLANTS451
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT466
LITERATURE CITED467
CHAPTER 15: Herbicides and Soil469
I. SOIL470
II. FACTORS AFFECTING SOIL-APPLIED HERBICIDES473
III. SOIL PERSISTENCE OF HERBICIDES482
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT486
LITERATURE CITED486
CHAPTER 16: Herbicide Formulation489
I. INTRODUCTION489
II. TYPES OF HERBICIDE FORMULATIONS492
III. SURFACTANTS AND ADJUVANTS498
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT498
LITERATURE CITED498
CHAPTER 17: Herbicides and the Environment501
I. HERBICIDE PERFORMANCE502
II. ECOLOGICAL CHANGES504
III. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION511
IV. ENERGY RELATIONSHIPS520
V. HERBICIDE SAFETY524
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT532
LITERATURE CITED533
SUPPLEMENTARY LITERATURE534
CHAPTER 18: Pesticide Legislation and Registration537
I. THE PRINCIPLES OF PESTICIDE REGISTRATION537
II. FEDERAL LAWS539
III. FEDERAL INSECTICIDE, FUNGICIDE, AND RODENTICIDE ACT540
IV. THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)543
V. FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL PESTICIDE CONTROL ACT544
VI. PROCEDURAL SUMMARY545
VII. TOLERANCE CLASSES547
VIII. THE PROCEDURES FOR PESTICIDE REGISTRATION548
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT552
LITERATURE CITED552
CHAPTER 19: Weed Management Systems553
I. INTRODUCTION553
II. A METAPHOR FOR WEED MANAGEMENT556
III. THE LOGICAL STEPS OF WEED MANAGEMENT557
IV. WEED MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN SIX SYSTEMS563
V. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY IN WEED MANAGEMENT586
VI. WEED MANAGEMENT DECISION AIDS588
VII. SUMMARY593
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT593
LITERATURE CITED594
CHAPTER 20: Weed Science„The Future599
I. RESEARCH NEEDS600
II. POLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS624
III. CONCLUSION624
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT626
LITERATURE CITED626
APPENDIX A: List of Crop and Other Plants Cited in Text629
APPENDIX B: List of Weeds Cited in Text635
GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN WEED SCIENCE647
INDEX655

Book details

Vendor Elsevier S & T
SKU 9780123725189
ISBN-13 9780080549859
Author Zimdahl, Robert L
Edition 3rd
Category Science
Subject Botany

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This book addresses herbicides and their use as an important aspect of modern weed management, and strives to place them in an ecological framework. Many weed scientists believe agriculture is a continuing struggle with weeds - without good weed control, good and profitable agriculture is impossible. Each agricultural discipline sees itself as central to agriculture's success and continued progress, and weed science is no exception. While not denying the importance of weed management to successful agriculture, this book places it in a larger ecological context. The roles of culture, economics, and politics in weed management are also discussed, enabling scientists and students to understand the larger effects on society.

NEW TO THIS EDITION:
* Information on New herbicides included, along with the old herbicides that are important for understanding the history
* New section on weed resistance to herbicides and genetic engineering
* New information on invasive plants
* Expanded chapters on Biological Control, Pesticide Legislation and Regulation, Weed Management Systems, and more

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