Elsevier S & T

Handbook of Behaviorism

O'Donohue, William; Kitchener, Richard

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Table of contents

Cover
Contentsvii
Contributorsxvii
Prefacexix
Chapter 1. Introduction: The Behaviorisms1
I. The Behaviorisms1
References13
Chapter 2. Watsonian Behaviorism15
I. Introduction16
II. Intellectual, Cultural, and Individual Context18
III. Before Watsonian Behaviorism25
IV. Watsonian Behaviorism30
V. After Watsonian Behaviorism49
VI. Conclusion57
References59
Chapter 3. Interbehaviorism and Interbehavioral Psychology71
I. Historical Background73
II. Ziggurat of Science and Civilization77
III. Postulational System of Interbehavioral Psychology81
IV. Psychological Events83
V. Interbehaviorism and Radical Behaviorism86
VI. Relation to Empirical Evidence89
VII. Current Status and Future Directions92
VIII. Epilogue93
References93
Chapter 4. Edward C. Tolman's Purposive Behaviorism97
I. Purposive Behaviorism99
II. Operational Behaviorism103
III. Performance Vectors106
IV. From Rats and Sowbugs to Man109
V. A Field Theory of Learning110
VI. The Psychology of Social Learning113
VII. Edward Tolman: Purposive Behaviorist115
Acknowledgments115
References116
Chapter 5. Clark L. Hull's Behaviorism119
Introduction120
Brief Biographical Sketch120
I. Theoretical Style122
II. S–R Analysis of Cognitive Processes129
III. Conceptualizations of Reinforcement and Reward: Evolution of Hull's 1943 Theory142
Concluding Comments153
Acknowledgments154
References154
Chapter 6. Radical Behaviorism: B.F. Skinner's Philosophy of Science159
I. Radical Behaviorism as Philosophy of Science160
II. Radical Behaviorism: The Basic Issues161
III. Radical Behaviorism and Mentalism162
IV. Radical Behaviorism and Knowledge170
V. Summary176
References177
Chapter 7. Empirical Behaviorism179
I. Freud and Psychoanalysis180
II. Watson and Behaviorism180
III. Lewin and Field Theory181
IV. HullŒSpence and Learning Theory182
V. Skinner and ther Experimental Analysis of Behavior184
VI. Empirical Behaviorism: Radical Behaviorism an Interbehaviorism187
VII. The Influence of Empirical Behaviorism189
VIII. Summary and Conclusion190
References190
Chapter 8. Teleological Behaviorism195
I. Final Causes196
II. Causation in Physics200
III. Causation in Classical and Modern Psychology201
IV. Causation in Skinnerian Psychology203
V. Teleological Behaviorism208
Acknowledgments213
References213
Chapter 9. Theoretical Behaviorism217
I. Cognitive Psychology219
II. Theoretical Behaviorism224
III. Conclusion238
Acknowledgments239
References239
Chapter 10. Biological Behaviorism243
I. Introduction244
II. A Brief History of the Study of Behavior246
III. Strengths and Limitations of Manipulation-Centered Behaviorism249
IV. An Animal-Centered Biological Behaviorism253
V. The Feeding Behavior System in Rats: A Causal System Model263
VI. Biological Behaviorism and Nonperipheral Causation268
VII. Summary276
References277
Chapter 11. Functional Contextualism: A Pragmatic Philosophy for Behavioral Science285
I. Mechanism and Pragmatism: Basic Definitions287
II. Philosophical Inconsistency in Skinner's Writing291
III. Contextualistic Behaviorism294
IV. Goals and Contextual Schools303
V. Functional Contextualism306
VI. Implications of Functional Contextualism: Expanding the Analysis of Private Events313
VII. Criticisms of Functional Contextualism316
VIII. Conclusion321
References322
Chapter 12. Wittgenstein's Behaviorism329
I. Introduction329
II. Behaviorism as a Family-Resemblance Concept330
III. The Case for Behaviorism332
IV. Sensations335
V. Diaries and Manometers339
VI. The Behaviorist Reading341
VII. A Problem343
VIII. The Institution of Use344
IX. The Institution of Pain348
X. The Private Diary as an Institution350
XI. Assimilating Wittgenstein353
XII. Figure and Ground356
XIII. Conclusion358
References359
Chapter 13. Ryle's Behaviorism361
I. Gilbert Ryle362
II. OUR-Behaviorism versus OR-Behaviorism362
III. Ryle's Debt to Wittgenstein364
IV. What is in Wittgenstein, But Not in Ryle369
V. Ryle's Innovations: The Failures370
VI. Ryle's Innovations: The Achievements374
VII. Ryle's Critics380
VIII. Conclusion395
References397
Chapter 14. Logical Behaviorism399
I. Introduction399
II. The Varieties of Philosophical Behaviorism400
III. Logical Behaviorism and Psychological Behaviorism402
IV. Logical Behaviorism and Semantic Behaviorism: Physicalism403
V. Is Logical Behaviorism a Behaviorism at All?405
VI. The Semantics of Logical Behaviorism407
VII. Carnaps's "Naturalistic" Semantics409
VIII. Conclusion415
References416
Chapter 15. Quine's Behaviorism419
I. Introduction419
II. Stage Setting420
III. Quine's Behaviorism/Empiricism422
IV. Behaviorism and Philosophy of Language424
V. Philosophy of Mind432
VI. Conclusion434
References435
SUBJECT INDEX437

Book details

Vendor Elsevier S & T
SKU 9780125241908
ISBN-13 9780080533001
Author O'Donohue, William; Kitchener, Richard
Category Psychology
Subject Experimental Psychology

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Handbook of Behaviorism provides a comprehensive single source that summarizes what behaviorism is, how the various "flavors" of behaviorism have differed between major theorists both in psychology and philosophy, and what aspects of those theories have been borne out in research findings and continue to be of use in understanding human behavior.

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