Immunopharmacology of Platelets
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Table of contents
- Immunopharmacology of Plateletsiii
- Copyright Pageiv
- Contentsv
- Contributorsxi
- Series Prefacexiii
- Prefacexv
- Chapter 1. Do Platelets have a Role as Inflammatory Cells?1
- 1. Introduction1
- 2. Platelet Physiology2
- 3. Platelet-derived Mediators3
- 4. Platelets in Haemostasis and Thrombosis4
- 5. In vivo Platelet Monitoring5
- 6. Platelets in Non-allergic Host Defence6
- 7. Platelets and Allergic Inflammation7
- 8. Conclusions12
- 9. References12
- Chapter 2. Animal Models for Investigating the Allergic and Inflammatory Properties of Platelets21
- 1. Introduction21
- 2. Methods Available to Assess Platelet Involvement in Experimental Animal Models22
- 3. The Role of Platelets in Experimental Models of Acute Inflammation22
- 4. The Role of Platelets in Models of Non-allergic Lung Injury24
- 5. The Role of Platelets in Models of Allergic Lung Injury25
- 6. Direct Antigen-induced Activation of Platelets27
- 7. The Role of Platelets in Models of Parasitic Infection28
- 8. Conclusion28
- 9. References28
- Chapter 3. The Analysis of Ligand–Receptor Interactions in Platelet Activation31
- 1. Introduction31
- 2. Platelet Physiology32
- 3. Activating Ligand–Receptor Interactions33
- 4. Activation-induced Changes in Platelet Receptors40
- 5. G-proteins40
- 6. Intracellular Signalling Pathways43
- 7. Inhibitory Ligand–Receptor Interactions49
- 8. Conclusion51
- 9. Acknowledgements51
- 10. References51
- Chapter 4. The Role of Human Platelet Membrane Receptors in Inflammation67
- 1. Introduction67
- 2. Platelet Glycoproteins67
- 3. Platelets and Inflammation68
- 4. P-selectins69
- 5. Cytokines and Platelets74
- 6. Thrombospondin and CD3675
- 7. Platelet Factor77
- 8. Acknowledgements77
- 9. References78
- Chapter 5. Platelets in Bacterial Infections83
- 1. Introduction83
- 2. Platelet Interaction with Non-biological Particulates84
- 3. Platelet Interaction with Bacteria in vitro89
- 4. Platelet Interaction with Bacteria in vivo107
- 5. Influence of Platelets on Phagocytes109
- 6. Implications of Platelet–Bacterial Interaction to Human Disease110
- 7. Summary115
- 8. References116
- Chapter 6. Platelets in Parasitic Diseases125
- 1. Introduction125
- 2. Methods125
- 3. The Receptor for IgE on Platelets127
- 4. Effector Properties of Platelets Towards Helminth Parasites127
- 5. Effector Properties of Platelets Towards Other Parasites129
- 6. Other Inducers of Platelet Cytotoxicity130
- 7. Regulation of Platelet Effector Function by T Lymphocytes130
- 8. Regulation of Platelet Effector Function by Monocytes134
- 9. Concluding Remarks134
- 10. References134
- Chapter 7. Platelets in Viral Infections137
- 1. Introduction137
- 2. Clinical Manifestations137
- 3. Direct Effect of Viruses on Megakaryocytes and Platelets138
- 4. Thrombocytopenia caused by Immune Mechanisms145
- 5. Thrombocytopenia due to Diverse Mechanisms145
- 6. Conclusion146
- 7. References147
- Chapter 8. Platelet–Tumour Cell Interactions151
- 1. Introduction151
- 2. Platelet–Tumour Cell Interactions: in vitro Studies151
- 3. Platelet–Tumour Cell Interactions: in vivo Studies156
- 4. Anti-platelet Drugs and Metastases157
- 5. Methods159
- 6. Conclusions160
- 7. Acknowledgements160
- 8. References161
- Chapter 9. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenias167
- 1. Introduction: Idiopathic or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia?168
- 2. Prevalence168
- 3. Clinical Syndrome, Classification and Evolution168
- 4. Laboratory Testing169
- 5. Megakaryocytopoiesis in AITP170
- 6. Isotopic Studies170
- 7. Immune Abnormalities in AITP171
- 8. Treatment178
- 9. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Pregnancy181
- 10. Secondary Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura183
- 11. Acknowledgements187
- 12. References187
- Chapter 10. The Analysis of Eicosanoids Derived From Platelets195
- 1. Introduction195
- 2. General Considerations196
- 3. Eicosanoids Derived from in vitro Studies198
- 4. Assessment of the in vivo Production of Eicosanoids204
- 5. Conclusion206
- 6. References207
- Chapter 11. The Generation of Free Radicals by Blood Platelets209
- 1. Introduction209
- 2. Oxygen Activation and Free Radical Metabolism210
- 3. Free Radical Generation by Blood Platelets215
- 4. Antioxidant Defence Mechanisms217
- 5. Some Methods for Monitoring Free Radicals and Their By-products219
- 6. Free Radicals, Diseases and Platelets220
- 7. Conclusion221
- 8. Acknowledgements221
- 9. References221
- Glossary227
- Key to Illustrations237
- Index243
Platelets have long been the subject of much investigation in the areas of vascular physiology, biochemistry, immunology and physiopathology. Their ability to react to environmental stimuli, to modify their shape and metabolism despite being anuclear, has fascinated scientists.
This volume looks specifically at the involvement of blood platelets outside their 'classical' field of application, in the physiopathological mechanics of allergy and inflammation. The coverage includes the role of platelets in bacterial, parasitic and viral diseases and in tumour cell interactions.
This volume looks specifically at the involvement of blood platelets outside their 'classical' field of application, in the physiopathological mechanics of allergy and inflammation. The coverage includes the role of platelets in bacterial, parasitic and viral diseases and in tumour cell interactions.