Elsevier S & T

International Review Of Cytology: A Survey of Cell Biology

Jeon, Kwang W.

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Table of contents
  • Contentsv
  • Contributorsvii
  • Chapter 1: Cross-Talk Among Integrin, Cadherin, and Growth Factor Receptor: Roles of Nectin and Nect1
  • 1. Introduction2
  • 2. Molecular and Structural Features of Nectin and Nectin-Like Molecule4
  • 3. Formation of Adherens Junctions Induced by the Nectin-Afadin System9
  • 3.1. Interaction between the nectin–afadin and cadherin–catenin systems9
  • 3.2. Cross-talk between nectin and integrin11
  • 3.3. Cooperative roles of nectin and integrin alphavbeta3 in intracellular signaling13
  • 3.4. Regulation of adhesion activity of cadherin by nectin17
  • 3.5. Roles of nectin and growth factor receptor in cell survival17
  • 3.6. Disassembly of adherens junctions and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition19
  • 4. Formation of Tight Junctions Regulated by the Nectin-Afadin System22
  • 4.1. Components of tight junctions22
  • 4.2. Integrity of tight junctions mediated by nectin24
  • 4.3. The nectin and Par complex in the formation of cell polarity and tight junctions26
  • 5. Roles of Nectin and Necl-527
  • 5.1. Roles of nectin in nectin-mediated cell–cell adhesions27
  • 5.2. Physiological roles of Necl-532
  • 5.3. Pathological implications of nectin and Necl-538
  • 6. Common Utilization of Signaling Molecules in Forming Leading Edges and Cell-Cell Adhesion39
  • 7. Concluding Remarks40
  • References41
  • Chapter 2: Neural Stem Cells in the Mammalian Brain55
  • 1. Introduction56
  • 2. Neural Stem Cells and Their Niches in the Adult Mammalian Brain57
  • 2.1. General description of NCSs57
  • 2.2. Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone59
  • 2.3. Neural stem cells in the dentate gyrus64
  • 2.4. Neural stem cells in other brain parts66
  • 3. Transcriptional Regulation of NSC Self-Renewal and Differentiation69
  • 3.1. Regulation of self-renewal and stemness69
  • 3.2. Neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells73
  • 3.3. NSC lineage determination77
  • 4. Neural Stem and Progenitor Cell-Based Therapy82
  • 4.1. Transplantation of stem and progenitor cells82
  • 4.2. Mobilization of internal repair potential of the brain85
  • 4.3. Neural stem cells and cancer therapy87
  • 5. Conclusions90
  • Acknowledgments91
  • References91
  • Chapter 3: Mechanisms of Mitotic Spindle Assembly and Function111
  • 1. Introduction112
  • 2. Molecular Components of the Mitotic Spindle113
  • 2.1. Microtubules as structural and dynamic components of the spindle113
  • 2.2. Centrosomes: A major source of microtubule nucleation for spindle assembly114
  • 2.3. Chromosomes: Active players in mitosis115
  • 2.4. Proteomics and functional genomics: Generation of the complete parts list115
  • 3. Major Pathways of Spindle Assembly119
  • 3.1. Classic model of search and capture119
  • 3.2. Self-assembly of spindles119
  • 3.3. Ran as a key player in chromosome-directed spindle assembly121
  • 4. Mechanisms of Chromosome Congression and Attachment129
  • 4.1. Classic model of congression129
  • 4.2. Molecular mechanisms governing chromosome congression132
  • 4.3. Kinetochore–microtubule attachment132
  • 5. Mechanisms of Chromosome Segregation138
  • 5.1. Anaphase A chromosome segregation138
  • 5.2. Anaphase B spindle pole separation142
  • 6. Conclusions and Future Directions143
  • Acknowledgments144
  • References144
  • Chapter 4: Multiple Actions of Secretin in the Human Body159
  • 1. Introduction160
  • 2. Structure and Regulation of Secretin and the Gene163
  • 2.1. Structure163
  • 2.2. Regulation163
  • 3. Secretin's Actions in the Gastrointestinal Tract164
  • 3.1. Stomach164
  • 3.2. Pancreas167
  • 3.3. Liver168
  • 3.4. Intestine171
  • 4. Secretin's Actions in Other Tissues172
  • 4.1. Brain172
  • 4.2. Hypothalamus–pituitary–kidney axis175
  • 4.3. Additional other tissues177
  • 5. Summary and Future Prospects178
  • References179
  • Chapter 5: Biology of the Striated Muscle Dystrophin-Glycoprotein Complex191
  • 1. Introduction192
  • 2. Composition of the Core Dystrophin-Glycoprotein Complex192
  • 2.1. Dystroglycan complex193
  • 2.2. Sarcoglycan complex193
  • 2.3. Dystrobrevin/syntrophin complex194
  • 3. Function in Mammals195
  • 3.1. Mechanical stabilization and force transmission195
  • 3.2. Organization and stabilization of the neuromuscular junction202
  • 3.3. Cellular signaling203
  • 4. Function in Model Organisms205
  • 4.1. Caenorhabditis elegans205
  • 4.2. Drosophila206
  • 4.3. Zebrafish207
  • 5. Concluding Remarks207
  • Acknowledgments208
  • References208
  • Chapter 6: Providing Unique Insight into Cell Biology via Atomic Force Microscopy227
  • 1. Introduction228
  • 2. AFM: Principle of Operation and Operation Modes229
  • 3. AFM Can Measure Forces and Elasticity232
  • 4. Advantages of AFM234
  • 5. Application of AFM to Biology235
  • 5.1. Cells235
  • 5.2. Membranes240
  • 5.3. Single molecules243
  • 6. Conclusions246
  • Acknowledgments247
  • References247
  • Chapter 7: Characteristics of Oxysterol Binding Proteins253
  • 1. Introduction254
  • 1.1. Oxysterols254
  • 1.2. Mediators of oxysterol effects on cellular lipid metabolism255
  • 1.3. Identification of oxysterol binding protein (OSBP)-related protein (ORP) families256
  • 2. Subcellular Distribution of the ORPs258
  • 2.1. The PH domain region and ankyrin repeats of long ORPs258
  • 2.2. Roles of the C-Terminal ORD and the FFAT motif260
  • 2.3. Models on ORP function based on the localization data260
  • 3. Role of the Mammalian ORPs in Lipid Metabolism262
  • 3.1. Ligands of the mammalian ORP proteins262
  • 3.2. The roles of OSBP in cholesterol and sphingomyelin metabolism263
  • 3.3. OSBP and hepatic lipogenesis266
  • 3.4. The involvement of mammalian OSBP homologs in cellular lipid metabolism266
  • 3.5. Putative connections between the ORP, the LXR, and the SREBP268
  • 4. The Yeast S. cerevisiae ORPs269
  • 4.1. Role of yeast osh proteins in sterol metabolism269
  • 4.2. Osh4p regulates post-golgi secretory vesicle transport271
  • 5. Role of ORPs in Cell Signaling272
  • 6. Future Perspectives274
  • Acknowledgments277
  • References277
  • Index287
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780123743329
  • ISBN-13 9780080560939
  • Author Jeon, Kwang W.
  • Category Science
  • Subject Research & Methodology

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International Review of Cytology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology – both plant and animal. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research.