Long-Term Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Prefacexi
- Contributorsxv
- About the editorsxvii
- Acknowledgementsxviii
- Chapter 1. Permeable Reactive Barriers1
- A Introduction1
- B Concept of permeable reactive barriers1
- C Reactive materials for contaminant attenuation5
- D Application and long-term performance of PRBs9
- E Outlook19
- References19
- Chapter 2. Construction Methods of Permeable Reactive Barriers27
- A Introduction27
- B Construction of cut-off walls27
- C Construction of reactive barriers34
- References49
- Chapter 3. Materials and Processes for Uranium Removal from Contaminated Water53
- A Introduction53
- B Materials and experimental procedures53
- C. Attenuation processes55
- D. Summary and conclusions72
- References73
- Chapter 4. Behaviour of Uranium in Elemental Iron and Hydroxyapatite Reactive Barriers: Column Exper77
- A. Introduction77
- B. Initial laboratory column test systems81
- C. Experiments with radiotracers86
- D Conclusions99
- References100
- Appendix 4A104
- Chapter 5. Laboratory Tests Using Natural Groundwater111
- A Introduction111
- B Column experiments111
- C Floor-scale tests116
- D Conclusions129
- References130
- Appendix 5A131
- Appendix 5B132
- Chapter 6. On-site Column Experiments137
- A Introduction137
- B Columns in monitoring wells138
- C Large-scale field column experiments139
- D Conclusions150
- Acknowledgement151
- References151
- Chapter 7. New Barrier Materials: The Use of Tailored Ligand Systems for the Removal of Metals from153
- A Introduction153
- B Concept and development154
- C The preparation of PANSIL155
- D Efficiency of contaminant attenuation156
- E Technological applicability178
- F Conclusions180
- References181
- Chapter 8. Electrokinetic Techniques183
- A Introduction183
- B Scope and approach185
- C Experimental set-ups and methods186
- D Theoretical model190
- E Results193
- F Discussion and conclusions203
- G Outlook207
- References207
- Chapter 9. Mecsek Ore, Pécs, Hungary Case Study211
- A Historical overview211
- B Waste characterisation215
- C Monitoring218
- D Site characterisation, site selection224
- E Detailed investigation of Sites II and III229
- F Conclusions242
- Acknowledgements242
- References242
- Appendix 9A243
- Appendix 9B253
- Appendix 9C257
- Chapter 10. Experimental Iron Barrier in Pécs, Hungary261
- A Introduction261
- B Design of the permeable reactive barrier261
- C Construction phase262
- D Results of operation267
- E Conclusions280
- References281
- Chapter 11. Installation and Operation of an Adsorptive Reactor and Barrier (AR&B) System in Brunn a283
- A Introduction283
- B General description284
- C Site assessment286
- D Concept of project implementation289
- E Assessment of system- and site-specific suitabilities291
- F AR&B system implementation292
- G System operation - hydraulics and water chemistry295
- H Perspectives and outlook307
- References308
- Chapter 12. Regulatory and Economic Aspects311
- A Introduction311
- B Regulatory aspects311
- C Economic aspects316
- D Outlook320
- References320
- Index323
While extensive research has been performed on many technological aspects of permeable reactive barriers and a number of contaminants have so far been successfully treated by PRB systems, long-term performance has not been extensively considered and little is known about the processes influencing long-term behaviour. This gap in our knowledge is all the more disadvantageous as design life has a decisive influence on the economic viability of PRBs.
It addresses the long-term performance of PRBs, an important feature of this novel remediation technology, systematically. It deals extensively with heavy metal removal, with special emphasis on uranium. A number of case studies, experiences with large-scale modelling and test site experiments provide insight into the practical application of the results. This volume will contribute to the science underpinning groundwater remediation, and this will result in the improvement of quality of life and health and safety.
* A systematic approach to investigating the long-term performance of permeable reactive barriers
* Development of new contaminant-binding chemical compounds ("ligands"), accelerated testing methods to assess the long-term performance, and efficiency enhancing electrokinetic techniques
* Extensive data and information on a Hungarian uranium mining facility; once a carefully kept secret of the Soviet Union
The book describes methods for evaluation and enhancement of the long-term performance of PRB systems, especially of those targeting heavy metals, specifically uranium, and organic contaminants by sorption and/or precipitation mechanisms. Major topics in the book are:
- Selection and characterisation of suitable reactive materials
- Characterisation of the relevant contaminant attenuation processes
- Developing new contaminant-binding chemical compounds ("ligands")
- Accelerated testing methods to assess the long-term performance of the attenuation mechanisms in PRBs
- Evaluation of the influence of site characteristics on PRB performance
- Monitoring of existing and new field installations
- Coupling of electrokinetic techniques and PRB systems
- Large-scale laboratory and field tests and their results
It addresses the long-term performance of PRBs, an important feature of this novel remediation technology, systematically. It deals extensively with heavy metal removal, with special emphasis on uranium. A number of case studies, experiences with large-scale modelling and test site experiments provide insight into the practical application of the results. This volume will contribute to the science underpinning groundwater remediation, and this will result in the improvement of quality of life and health and safety.
* A systematic approach to investigating the long-term performance of permeable reactive barriers
* Development of new contaminant-binding chemical compounds ("ligands"), accelerated testing methods to assess the long-term performance, and efficiency enhancing electrokinetic techniques
* Extensive data and information on a Hungarian uranium mining facility; once a carefully kept secret of the Soviet Union