Macrolide Antibiotics: Chemistry, Biology, and Practice
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Contributorsix
- Pefacexi
- Chapter 1. Discovery of New Macrolides1
- I. Introduction2
- II. Macrolides from Actinomycetes8
- III. Macrolides from Bacteria Including Myxobacteria22
- IV. Macrolides from Fungi27
- V. Macrolides from Plants and Lichens31
- VI. Macrolides from Insects37
- VII. Other Macrolides40
- VIII. Concluding Remarks45
- References46
- Chapter 2. Discovery of New Macrolides from Marine Organisms57
- I. Introduction57
- II. Macrocyclic Lactones of Marine Organism Origin58
- III. Concluding Remarks89
- References89
- Chapter 3. Chemical Modification of Macrolides99
- I. Introduction99
- II. Fourteen-Membered Macrolides100
- III. Sixteen-Membered Macrolide Antibiotics and the Avermectin Family145
- IV. Concluding Remarks164
- References165
- Chapter 4. Total Synthesis of Macrolides181
- I. Introduction181
- II. Synthetic Strategy for Macrolide Synthesis182
- III. Total Synthesis of Selected Macrolides210
- IV. Concluding Remarks271
- References275
- Chapter 5. Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Genetics of Macrolide Production285
- I. Introduction286
- II. Reaction Mechanism of Polyketide Biosynthesis287
- III. Polyketide Synthase289
- IV. Genes Encoding Modular Polyketide Synthase295
- V. Sugar Biosynthesis314
- VI. Genetic Manipulation of PKS Genes319
- References320
- Chapter 6. Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of Macrolides327
- I. Introduction327
- II. Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism328
- III. Drug Interaction350
- IV. Concluding Remarks354
- References354
- Chapter 7. Antimicrobial Macrolides in Clinical Practice363
- I. Introduction363
- II. Fourteen- and Fifteen-Membered Macrolides364
- III. Sixteen-Membered Macrolides380
- IV. Concluding Remarks382
- References382
- Chapter 8. Ivermectin in Clinical Practice403
- I. Introduction403
- II. Novel Activity of Ivermectin in Clinical Practice405
- III. Concluding Remarks414
- References416
- Chapter 9. Tacrolimus and Other Immunosuppressive Macrolides in Clinical Practice421
- I. Introduction421
- II. Tacrolimus, a Brief Developmental History424
- III. Novel Activity of Tacrolimus and Other Immunosuppressive Macrolides in Clinical Practice425
- IV. Concluding Remarks442
- References444
- Chapter 10. Mode of Action and Resistance Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Macrolides453
- I. Introduction453
- II. Mode of Action of Macrolide Antibiotics454
- III. Mechanisms of Resistance to Antimicrobial Macrolides472
- IV. Important Developments in Macrolide Antibiotics485
- V. Concluding Remarks486
- VI. Addendum487
- References488
- Chapter 11. Mode of Action of Macrolides with Motilin Agonistic Activity--Motilides501
- I. Introduction501
- II. Mode of Action of Motilin504
- III. Invention of Motilides507
- IV. BiologicalActivity of Motilides510
- V. Clinical Trials of Motilides526
- VI. Concluding Remarks527
- References528
- Chapter 12. Novel Activity of Erythromycin and Its Derivatives533
- I. Erythromycin Treatment in Diffuse Panbronchiolitis534
- II. Inhibition of Chloride Channel541
- III. Effects of Macrolides on Cytokine/Chemokine Expression546
- IV. Modulation of Bacterial Function553
- V. New Challenge for Novel Action557
- References564
- Chapter 13. Mode of Action of Avermectin571
- I. Introduction571
- II. Target of Avermectin Action571
- III. Cloning and Structure of Avermectin Binding Protein572
- IV. Concluding Remarks575
- References
- Chapter 14. Mode of Action of FK506 and Rapamycin577
- I. Introduction577
- II. Initial Cellular Target for FK506 and Rapamycin; Peptidyl Prolyl cis-trans Isomerases (Rotamases586
- III. Target of FK506-FKBP12 Complex: Calcineurin599
- IV. Target of Rapamycin-FKBP12 Complex: mTOR/FRAP/RFAT604
- V. Intervention of Intracellular Signaling Pathways by FK506 and Rapamycin607
- References611
- Index623
- Color Plate SectionColor Plat
Macrolide Antibiotics: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Practice, Second Edition explores the discovery of new macrolide antibiotics, their function, and their clinical use in diseases such as cancer, AIDS, cystic fibrosis and pneumonia. This book discusses the creation of synthetic macrolides and the mechanisms of antibiotic activity. The uses for antimicrobial macrolides in clinical practice are also covered. This book is designed to appeal to both the basic and applied research communities interested in microbiology, bacteriology, and antibiotic/antifungal research and treament.