MAGNETIC FIELD OF THE EARTH
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Prefacexiii
- Chapter 1. History of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism1
- 1.1 Discovery of the Main Magnetic Elements1
- 1.2 Fossil Magnetism and the Magnetic Field in the Past9
- 1.3 Investigations of the External Magnetic Field13
- 1.4 Origin of the Earth's Magnetic Field17
- Chapter 2. The Present Geomagnetic Field: Analysis and Description from Historical Observations19
- 2.1 Magnetic Elements and Charts19
- 2.2 Spherical Harmonic Description of the Earth's Magnetic Field25
- 2.3 Uniqueness and Other Mathematical Problems37
- 2.4 Geomagnetic Secular Variation46
- 2.5 The External Magnetic Field57
- Chapter 3. Foundations of Paleomagnetism69
- 3.1 Rock Magnetism69
- 3.2 Magnetic Mineralogy83
- 3.3 Paleomagnetic Directions and Poles89
- 3.4 Paleointensity Methods102
- 3.5 Age Determinations110
- Chapter 4. The Recent Geomagnetic Field: Paleomagnetic Observations115
- 4.1 Archeomagnetic Results115
- 4.2 Analysis of Recent Lake Sediments130
- 4.3 Geomagnetic Excursions148
- 4.4 The Geomagnetic Power Spectrum155
- Chapter 5. Reversals of the Earth's Magnetic Field163
- 5.1 Evidence for Field Reversal163
- 5.2 Marine Magnetic Anomalies172
- 5.3 Analysis of Reversal Sequences186
- 5.4 Polarity Transitions204
- Chapter 6. The Time-Averaged Paleomagnetic Field217
- 6.1 Geocentric Axial Dipole Hypothesis217
- 6.2 Second-Order Terms227
- 6.3 Variation in the Earth's Dipole Moment238
- 6.4 Paleosecular Variation from Lavas (PSVL)247
- Chapter 7. Processes and Properties of the Earth's Deep Interior: Basic Principles265
- 7.1 Seismic Properties of the Earth's Interior265
- 7.2 Chemical and Physical Properties269
- 7.3 Thermodynamic Properties of the Earth's Deep Interior277
- 7.4 Thermal History Models281
- 7.5 Nondynamo Models for the Earth's Magnetic Field285
- 7.6 Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals288
- 7.7 Energy Sources300
- Chapter 8. Introduction to Dynamo Theory305
- 8.1 The Dynamo Problem305
- 8.2 The Magnetic Induction Equation309
- 8.3 The α- and ω-Effects of Dynamo Theory317
- 8.4 Waves in Dynamo Theory323
- 8.5 Symmetries in Dynamo Theory329
- 8.6 Theories for Geomagnetic Secular Variations and Magnetic Field Reversals333
- Chapter 9. Dynamo Theory339
- 9.1 Vector Spherical Harmonics339
- 9.2 Kinematic Dynamos346
- 9.3 Cowling's Theorem and Other Constraints353
- 9.4 Turbulence in the Core356
- 9.5 Dynamo Waves362
- 9.6 Dynamics of the Geodynamo363
- Chapter 10. The Magnetic Fields of the Sun, Moon, and Planets377
- 10.1 Origin of the Solar System377
- 10.2 The Sun381
- 10.3 The Moon392
- 10.4 Meteorites399
- 10.5 Magnetic Fields of the Planets401
- 10.6 Geomagnetic Relevance407
- Chapter 11. Examples of Synthesis409
- 11.1 Fluid Velocities in the Core409
- 11.2 Core-Mantle Coupling: Length of Day417
- 11.3 Paleomagnetism and Dynamo Theory422
- 11.4 Variations at the Core-Mantle Boundary and the Earth's Surface429
- Appendix A: SI and Gaussian CGS Units and Conversion Factors437
- Appendix B: Functions Associated with Spherical Harmonics439
- B.1 The Scalar Potential439
- B.2 The Legendre Functions Pl440
- B.3 The Associated Legendre Functions Pl,m441
- B.4 Normalization of the Associated Legendre Functions441
- B.5 Inclination Anomaly Model for Zonal Harmonics443
- References445
- Author Index509
- Index523
MAGNETIC FIELD OF THE EARTH