Magnetic Stratigraphy
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsvii
- Prefacexi
- Table Keyxiii
- Chapter 1. Introduction and History1
- 1.1 Introduction1
- 1.2 Early Developments2
- 1.3 Evidence for Field Reversal5
- Chapter 2. The Earth's Magnetic Field9
- 2.1 Introduction9
- 2.2 The Dipole Hypothesis15
- 2.3 Models of Field Reversal17
- 2.4 Polarity Transition Records and VGP Paths20
- 2.5 Statistical Structure of the Geomagnetic Polarity Pattern24
- Chapter 3. Magnetization Processes and Magnetic Properties of Sediments26
- 3.1 Basic Principle26
- 3.2 Magnetic Minerals29
- 3.3 Magnetization Processes34
- 3.4 Magnetic Properties of Marine Sediments37
- 3.5 Magnetic Properties of Terrestrial Sediments45
- Chapter 4. Laboratory Techniques49
- 4.1 Introduction49
- 4.2 Resolving Magnetization Components50
- 4.3 Statistics58
- 4.4 Practical Guide to the Identification of Magnetic Minerals61
- Chapter 5. Fundamentals of Magnetic Stratigraphy74
- 5.1 Principles and Definitions74
- 5.2 Polarity Zone and Polarity Chron Nomenclature75
- 5.3 Field Tests for Timing of Remanence Acquisition82
- 5.4 Field Sampling for Magnetic Polarity Stratigraphy85
- 5.5 Presentation of Magnetostratigraphic Data91
- 5.6 Correlation of Polarity Zones to the GPTS91
- 5.7 Quality Criteria for Magnetostratigraphic Data93
- Chapter 6. The Pliocene–Pleistocene Polarity Record95
- 6.1 Early Development of the Plio–Pleistocene GPTS95
- 6.2 Subchrons within the Matuyama Chron96
- 6.3 Magnetic Stratigraphy in Plio–Pleistocene Sediments99
- 6.4 Astrochronologic Calibration of the Plio-Pleistocene GPTS107
- 6.5 40Ar/39Ar Age Calibration of the Plio-Pleistocene GPTS111
- Chapter 7. Late Cretaceous–Cenozoic GPTS113
- 7.1 Oceanic Magnetic Anomaly Record113
- 7.2 Numerical Age Control119
- Chapter 8. Paleogene and Miocene Marine Magnetic Stratigraphy126
- 8.1 Miocene Magnetic Stratigraphy126
- 8.2 Paleogene Magnetic Stratigraphy132
- 8.3 Integration of Chemostratigraphy and Magnetic Stratigraphy136
- Chapter 9. Cenozoic Terrestrial Magnetic Stratigraphy144
- 9.1 Introduction144
- 9.2 North American Neogene and Quaternary145
- 9.3 Eurasian Neogene146
- 9.4 African and South American Neogene155
- 9.5 North American and Eurasian Paleogene156
- 9.6 Mammal Dispersal in the Northern Hemisphere160
- Chapter 10. Jurassic–Early Cretaceous GPTS168
- 10.1 Oceanic Magnetic Anomaly Record168
- 10.2 Numerical Age Control171
- 10.3 Oxfordian–Aptian Time Scales175
- 10.4 Hettangian–Oxfordian Time Scales176
- Chapter 11. Jurassic and Cretaceous Magnetic Stratigraphy182
- 11.1 Cretaceous Magnetic Stratigraphy182
- 11.2 Jurassic Magnetic Stratigraphy196
- 11.3 Correlation of Late Jurassic–Cretaceous Stage Boundaries to the GPTS202
- Chapter 12. Triassic and Paleozoic Magnetic Stratigraphy205
- 12.1 Introduction205
- 12.2 Triassic207
- 12.3 Permian215
- 12.4 Carboniferous220
- 12.5 Pre-Carboniferous222
- 12.6 Polarity Bias in the Phanerozoic229
- Chapter 13. Secular Variation and Brunhes Chron Excursions233
- 13.1 Introduction233
- 13.2 Sediment Records of Secular Variation234
- 13.3 Geomagnetic Excursions in the Brunhes Chron242
- Chapter 14. Rock Magnetic Stratigraphy and Paleointensities250
- 14.1 Introduction250
- 14.2 Magnetic Parameters Sensitive to Concentration, Grain Size, and Mineralogy251
- 14.3 Rock Magnetic Stratigraphy in Marine Sediments253
- 14.4 Rock Magnetic Stratigraphy in Loess Deposits265
- 14.5 Rock Magnetic Stratigraphy in Lake Sediments266
- 14.6 Future Prospects for Rock Magnetic Stratigraphy269
- 14.7 Paleointensity Determinations270
- Bibliography277
- Index333
- International Geophysics Series343
Magnetic Stratigraphy is the most comprehensive book written in the English language on the subject of magnetic polarity stratigraphy and time scales. This volume presents the entirety of the known geomagneticrecord, which now extends back about 300 million years. The book includes the results of current research on sea floor spreading, magnetic stratigraphy of the Pliocene and Pleistocene, and postulations on the Paleozoic. Also included are both historicalbackground and applications of magnetostratigraphy. Individual chapters on correlation are presented, using changes in magnetic properties and secular variation.
Key Features
* Discusses pioneering work in the use of marine sediments to investigate the Earths magnetic field
* Serves as a guide for students wishing to begin studies in magnetostratigraphy
* Provides a comprehensive guide to magnetic polarity stratigraphy including up-to-date geomagnetic polarity time scales
* Correlates magnetic stratigraphics from marine and non-marine Cenozoic sequences
* Details reversal history of the magnetic field for the last 350 million years
* Discusses correlation using magnetic dipole intensity changes
* Up-to-date correlation of biostratigraphy with magnetic stratigraphy through the late Jurassic
Key Features
* Discusses pioneering work in the use of marine sediments to investigate the Earths magnetic field
* Serves as a guide for students wishing to begin studies in magnetostratigraphy
* Provides a comprehensive guide to magnetic polarity stratigraphy including up-to-date geomagnetic polarity time scales
* Correlates magnetic stratigraphics from marine and non-marine Cenozoic sequences
* Details reversal history of the magnetic field for the last 350 million years
* Discusses correlation using magnetic dipole intensity changes
* Up-to-date correlation of biostratigraphy with magnetic stratigraphy through the late Jurassic