Maintaining Cultures for Biotechnology and Industry
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Table of contents
- Contentsv
- List of Contributorsxi
- Prefacexiii
- Chapter 1. The Biological Deposition Requirement1
- Introduction1
- Concerns Other Than Patentability2
- An Introduction to the Patent System3
- The Deposition Requirement4
- The Current Debate6
- Global Deposition Requirements9
- International Depository Authorities under the Budapest Treaty as of August 199110
- References12
- Chapter 2. History and Evolution of Culture Maintenance and Preservation Techniques15
- Historical Review of Maintenance and Preservation Techniques for Microorganism Strains15
- Use of Microorganisms in Industry19
- Maintenance and Preservation of Microorganisms for Industrial Use21
- Improving Storage Techniques24
- A Prospect for the Future26
- References26
- Chapter 3. Algae29
- Background29
- Methods for Preservation37
- Future Needs and Directions44
- Culture Collections Which Maintain Algal Strains45
- References60
- Chapter 4. Preservation and Maintenance of Eubacteria65
- Eubacteria65
- Methodologies72
- Eubacteria Repositories81
- References82
- Chapter 5. Actinomycetes85
- Background85
- Methods for Preservation89
- References97
- Chapter 6. Fungi101
- Background101
- Methods for Preservation105
- Special Methods and Considerations for Recombinant Fungal Vectors and Hosts123
- Culture Repositories125
- References130
- Chapter 7. Protozoa133
- Background133
- Methods for Preservation146
- Culture Repositories150
- References151
- Chapter 8. Animal Cells in Culture161
- Background161
- Methods for Preservation165
- Culture Repositories/National Cell Line Repositories174
- References177
- Chapter 9. Human and Animal Viruses179
- Background179
- Methods for Preservation184
- Virus Repositories192
- References195
- Chapter 10. Plant Germplasm197
- Background197
- Methods of Preservation198
- Information Sources214
- Culture Repositories216
- References220
- Chapter 11. Plant Viruses and Viroids229
- Background229
- Methods for Preservation237
- Summary245
- References246
- Chapter 12. Characterization of Cultures Used for Biotechnology and Industry251
- Desirable Characteristics of Cultures252
- Quantification253
- Summary257
- References257
- Index259
To retain their usefulness, cultures that manufacture economically valuable products must be uncontaminated, viable, and genetically stable. Maintaining Cultures for Biotechnology and Industry gives practical advice necessary to preserve and maintain cells and microorganisms important to the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries in ways that ensure they will continue to be able to synthesize those valuable metabolites. This book covers not just those strains currently being used but also those yet to be discovered and engineered.
This text is essential for anyone working with cultures who wants to avoid the frustration of losing strains and needs to be able to devise and evaluate new strategies for preservation.
Key Features
* Written by hands-on experts in their respective fields
* Contains helpful tables and protocols for preserving or maintaining cells, cultures and viruses
* Discusses means to preserve cells by freezing, lyophilization, drying, cyoprotection, spore storage, continuous propagation and subculturing when absolutely necessary, and others
* Gives information needed to test cultures for stable retention of important characteristics
* Gives principles needed to devise and evaluate preservation strategies for newly identified and newly engineered cells and organisms
* Lists culture sources for each class of organism
* Includes information for characterizing and monitoring recombinant organisms, especially important because of their propensity for genetic stability
* Discusses the history of the continually evolving field of culture preservation
* Examines the importance of genetically stable cultures as it relates to maintaining patent positions
This text is essential for anyone working with cultures who wants to avoid the frustration of losing strains and needs to be able to devise and evaluate new strategies for preservation.
Key Features
* Written by hands-on experts in their respective fields
* Contains helpful tables and protocols for preserving or maintaining cells, cultures and viruses
* Discusses means to preserve cells by freezing, lyophilization, drying, cyoprotection, spore storage, continuous propagation and subculturing when absolutely necessary, and others
* Gives information needed to test cultures for stable retention of important characteristics
* Gives principles needed to devise and evaluate preservation strategies for newly identified and newly engineered cells and organisms
* Lists culture sources for each class of organism
* Includes information for characterizing and monitoring recombinant organisms, especially important because of their propensity for genetic stability
* Discusses the history of the continually evolving field of culture preservation
* Examines the importance of genetically stable cultures as it relates to maintaining patent positions