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Mountains: Witnesses of Global Changes: Research in the Himalaya and Karakoram: SHARE-Asia Project

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Table of contents
  • Cover
  • Contentsix
  • Forewordv
  • Prefacevii
  • Acknowledgmentsxiii
  • List of Corresponding Authorsxv
  • List of Acronymsxix
  • Chapter 1. Introduction1
  • 1. A. Guerrini1
  • 2. A. Da Polenza2
  • 3. H. Egerer3
  • Part I: Atmospheric Brown Clouds (ABC)7
  • Chapter 2. Global and regional climate change: the next few decades9
  • Chapter 3. Does aerosol weaken or strengthen the Asian monsoon?13
  • 1. Introduction13
  • 2. The elevated-heat-pump effect15
  • 3. ‘‘Elevated heat pump’’ vs. ‘‘solar dimming’’16
  • 4. Concluding remarks20
  • Acknowledgement22
  • References22
  • Chapter 4. Global retrieval of aerosol properties from sources to sinks by MODIS23
  • Chapter 5. Radiation, aerosol joint observations – monsoon experiment in Gangetic-Himalayan area (25
  • Chapter 6. Contribution of the WMO global atmosphere watch to high mountain atmospheric chemistry ob27
  • 1. Introduction27
  • 2. GAW monitoring28
  • References30
  • Part II: Ev-K2-CNR in Project ABC31
  • Chapter 7. From Himalaya to Karakoram: the spreading of the project Ev-K2-CNR33
  • 1. History34
  • 2. The Pyramid International Laboratory-Observatory35
  • 3. The Ev-K2-CNR Project36
  • 4. The Ev-K2-CNR multidisciplinary approach43
  • 5. The future of the Ev-K2-CNR Project44
  • 6. Conclusions48
  • References49
  • Chapter 8. SHARE-Asia contributions to ABC research51
  • 1. Introduction51
  • 2. Data collection and data sharing54
  • 3. Interaction with international networks55
  • 4. The SHARE-Asia contribution to ABC and future AIMS56
  • 5. Conclusion56
  • References57
  • Chapter 9. Merging regional and global chemistry, air quality and global change: SHARE-Asia in the c59
  • 1. Global tropospheric chemistry and the role of IGAC59
  • 2. IGAC and ABC-Asia62
  • 3. SHARE-Asia and ABC-Asia63
  • 4. Conclusions64
  • References64
  • Chapter 10. The ABC-Pyramid: a scientific laboratory at 5079 m a.s.l. for the study of atmospheric c67
  • 1. Introduction68
  • 2. Experimental69
  • 3. Backward-trajectory and stratosphere-troposphere exchange forecasts71
  • 4. Remote control and data acquisition72
  • 5. Test performed in Bologna73
  • 6. Conclusions73
  • References75
  • Chapter 11. The EV-K2-CNR pyramid and the AERONET network (Himalayan atmospheric brown cloud charact77
  • 1. Introduction77
  • 2. AERONET and the Ev-K2-CNR pyramid79
  • Acknowledgements81
  • References81
  • Part III: Share-Asia Scientific Fields: Atmospheric Physics & Chemistry, & Global Change83
  • Chapter 12. Global earth observation system of systems and the coordinated enhanced observing period85
  • Chapter 13. The coordinated enhanced observing period (CEOP) report: integrated data systems in the87
  • 1. Overview88
  • 2. Status88
  • 3. New directions (longer term vision)91
  • 4. Future activities92
  • 5. Key results93
  • 6. List of key publications94
  • Chapter 14. Verification of numerical model forecasts of precipitation and satellite-derived rainfal95
  • 1. Introduction95
  • 2. Data and methods96
  • 3. Verification of results97
  • 4. Summary and conclusions100
  • 5. Future works102
  • Acknowledgement102
  • References102
  • Chapter 15. Circulation and relationship between pollutant sources and atmospheric composition in th105
  • 1. Introduction105
  • 2. Methodology106
  • 3. Modeled historical trends107
  • 4. Relationships with sources108
  • 5. Seasonality and inter-annual variability110
  • References112
  • Chapter 16. Italian air force observatory network for environmental and meteorological monitoring: f115
  • 1. Introduction: Department for aeronautical experimentations (Re.S.M.A.) and observation networks o116
  • 2. What would we like to measure? Two different monitoring networks for two different purposes117
  • 3. Problems in performing measurements118
  • 4. From data control to quality assurance120
  • 5. Conclusion: ‘‘Not all numbers are data’’122
  • References122
  • Chapter 17. Climate change in Italy: an assessment of data and reanalysis models123
  • 1. Past climate123
  • 2. Climate models124
  • 3. Present climate and the global warming125
  • 4. Climate change in the Mediterranean and Italy126
  • 5. Future perspective130
  • 6. Conclusions132
  • Acknowledgement132
  • Reference132
  • Chapter 18. Climate changes and mountains133
  • 1. Introduction133
  • 2. Glacier changes and temperature evolution in three regions of the northern hemisphere134
  • 3. Changes of the Alpine flora138
  • 4. Extreme precipitation events140
  • 5. Conclusions141
  • References142
  • Part IV: Share-Asia Scientific Fields: Environmental Indicators Of Global Changes143
  • Chapter 19. Global scale atmospheric pollution: a regional problem145
  • Chapter 20. Platinum group elements and other trace elements in high altitude snow and ice147
  • 1. Introduction147
  • 2. Conclusions152
  • Further reading153
  • Chapter 21. High altitude lakes: limnology and paleolimnology155
  • 1. Introduction155
  • 2. Study area157
  • 3. Limnological research157
  • 4. Conclusion167
  • Acknowledgements168
  • References169
  • Chapter 22. Elemental characterization of Himalayan airborne particulate matter collected at 5100 m171
  • 1. Introduction171
  • 2. Materials and methods172
  • 3. Results and discussion173
  • 4. Conclusions181
  • Acknowledgments181
  • References182
  • Chapter 23. Interactions between solar ultraviolet radiation and climatic warming in alpine lakes185
  • Chapter 24. Global land ice monitoring from space (GLIMS) project regional center for Southwest Asia187
  • 1. Introduction188
  • 2. Glaciers of Afghanistan190
  • 3. Mapping in Afghanistan191
  • 4. Selected glaciers of Afghanistan192
  • 5. Selected glaciers of Pakistan198
  • 6. Mapping in Pakistan199
  • 7. Selected glaciers of Pakistan200
  • 8. Conclusion205
  • References206
  • Chapter 25. Remote sensing and GIS for alpine glacier change detection in the Himalaya209
  • 1. Introduction209
  • 2. Background211
  • 3. Remote sensing and GIScience213
  • 4. Numerical modeling221
  • 5. Discussion229
  • 6. Conclusions231
  • Acknowledgements231
  • References231
  • Chapter 26. Ongoing variations of Himalayan and Karakoram glaciers as witnesses of global changes: r235
  • 1. Introduction235
  • 2. Geographical setting of the studied glaciers236
  • 3. The recent investigations on Changri Nup Glacier242
  • 4. Discussion243
  • 5. Conclusion246
  • Acknowledgements246
  • References246
  • Chapter 27. Changing climates, changing lives: strengthening adaptive response capacities to climate249
  • Chapter 28. Chemical composition of fresh snow in the Himalaya and Karakoram251
  • 1. Introduction251
  • 2. Experimental part253
  • 3. Results and discussion253
  • 4. Conclusions258
  • Acknowledgements260
  • References260
  • Chapter 29. Shrinking cryosphere in South Asia263
  • 1. Introduction263
  • 2. Area264
  • 3. Climate264
  • 4. Methodology265
  • 5. Results and analyses266
  • 6. Discussion and conclusions268
  • Acknowledgement272
  • References272
  • Part V: SHARE-Asia Scientific Partners: Commitments to High-Altitude Environmental Monitoring in Asi273
  • Chapter 30. The third pole of the planet: the Mountain Research Initiative275
  • 1. Introduction275
  • 2. The MRI itself275
  • 3. The importance of mountains in global change research276
  • 4. Relevance to SHARE-Asia279
  • References279
  • Chapter 31. Global changes and sustainable development in the Hindu Kush–Karakoram–Himalaya281
  • 1. Background282
  • 2. Global environment change282
  • 3. ICIMOD’s initiative in sustainable mountain development284
  • 4. Areas of intervention284
  • Acknowledgement290
  • References290
  • Chapter 32. Climate research in the Nepal Himalaya291
  • 1. Introduction291
  • 2. Climatic trends in Nepal292
  • 3. Climatic research293
  • 4. Conclusion298
  • References299
  • Chapter 33. Development of a mesoscale convective system over the foothills of the Himalaya into a s301
  • 1. Introduction301
  • 2. Mesoscale systems and water vapor supply303
  • 3. The influence of cold air and terrain lifting307
  • 4. Conclusions310
  • References311
  • Chapter 34. Study of land surface heat fluxes and water cycle over the Tibetan plateau313
  • 1. Introduction313
  • 2. Experiment314
  • 3. Data analysis and results317
  • 4. Concluding remarks325
  • Acknowledgements326
  • References326
  • Chapter 35. Research on global changes in Pakistan329
  • 1. Introduction329
  • 2. Global change research330
  • 3. Recommendations338
  • References339
  • Subject Index341
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780444529909
  • ISBN-13 9780080548746

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From an environmental point of view, mountains are particularly sensitive and important for monitoring the state of health of our planet. Only through distribution of meteoclimatic and atmospheric composition monitoring points in mountain regions, coupled with modelling simulations, will we be able to thoroughly analyze complex pollutant transport mechanisms and better understand imminent global changes. The Himalayan-Karakoram range. For its elevation and geographic location, represents one of the ideal places for studying long-range pollutant transport systems on a regional scale and for monitoring changes index by mechanisms that act on global scale through monsoon circulation.
The Ev-K2-CNR committee with this book reached its objective of creating a unique opportunity for dialogue between major environmental scientists and experts, highlighting the close relationship between diverse themes with a common underlying thread: in-depth comprehension of the environmental phenomena which are determining the health of our planet.