Elsevier S & T

Mucosal Vaccines

Kiyono, Hiroshi; Ogra, Pearay L.; McGhee, Jerry R.

In stock

No reviews

90.750 KD inc. VAT

License

perpetual

Table of contents

Cover
Contentsvii
Contributorsxv
Prefacexix
Part I: Introduction1
Chapter 1. Mucosal Immunoprophylaxis: An Introductory Overview3
I. Introduction3
II. Elements of Mucosal Immune System Involved in Immune Response4
III. Immunoprophylaxis by the Mucosal Route5
IV. Mucosal Adjuvants and Vaccine Delivery Systems8
V. Potential Limitations of Mucosal Immunization9
VI. Concluding Remarks10
References11
Part II: Principles of Mucosal Vaccination15
Chapter 2. Application of Basic Principles of Mucosal Immunity to Vaccine Development17
I. Introduction17
II. Mucosal Immune System Organization18
III. Characteristics of Regulatory T Cells in the Mucosal Immune System20
IV. Multiple Roles for T Cells and Cytokines in Mucosal Immunity23
V. The Role of Epithelial Cells in Mucosal Immunity27
VI. Mucosal Effector Functions for IgA28
VII. Diverse Antigen Delivery Systems for the Induction of Distinct Mucosal Immune Responses29
VIII. Summary33
References33
Chapter 3. Antigen Uptake by M Cells for Effective Mucosal Vaccines41
I . Introduction41
II. Antigen Sampling across Stratified Epithelial Barriers41
III. Antigen Sampling across Simple Epithelia42
IV. M Cell Organization and Function45
V. Differentiation of the FAE and M Cells46
VI. Interactions of Microorganisms with M Cells46
VII. M Cells and Mucosal Vaccine Strategies47
VIII. Conclusions51
References51
Part III: Mucosal Modulation for Induction of Effective Immunity57
Chapter 4. Cholera Toxin as a Mucosal Adjuvant59
I. Introduction59
II. The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cholera Toxin60
III. Cholera Toxin as a Mucosal Immunogen61
IV. Cholera Toxin as a Mucosal Adjuvant: General Characteristics61
V. Role of CT Subunits in Mucosal Adjuvanticity63
VI. Site of Adjuvant Activity64
VII. Antigen Uptake across Epithelium or into Lymphoid Follicles65
VIII. Cellular Targets of Adjuvanticity65
IX. Summary68
References68
Chapter 5. Use of Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin as an Oral Adjuvant73
I. Introduction73
II. Biological and Immunological Properties of Cholera Toxin and LT74
III. Comparison of LT and CT75
IV. Cellular Targets of Enterotoxin Action76
V. Mucosal (Oral) Tolerance/Adjuvant Properties of LT79
VI. Toward a Practical Adjuvant80
VII. Summary84
References85
Chapter 6. Consideration of Mucosally Induced Tolerance in Vaccine Development89
I. Introduction89
II. Mucosal Immune System for Vaccines and Mucosally Induced Tolerance90
III. Protein Vaccine Diphtheria Toxoid (DT) Induces Mucosal Tolerance91
IV. Cholera Toxin B Subunit as Transmucosal and Carrier-Delivery System for Induction of Systemic To93
V. Mechanisms of Oral Tolerance: Role of αβ and γδ T Cells94
VI. Clinical Application of Oral Tolerance97
References98
Part IV: Current and New Approaches for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery103
Chapter 7. Attenuated Salmonella as Vectors for Oral Immunization105
I. Attenuated Salmonella for Use as Live Oral Vaccines105
II. Vectors for the Expression of Foreign Epitopes107
III. Expression of Heterologous Antigens by Attenuated Salmonella108
IV. Use of Salmonella for Expression of Novel Antigens112
V. Concluding Remarks113
References113
Chapter 8. Prospects for Induction of Mucosal Immunity by DNA Vaccines119
I. Introduction119
II. Immune Responses Induced by DNA Vaccines119
III. Antigen Expression at Mucosal Sites124
IV. Delivery of DNA to Mucosal Sites124
V. Summary125
References125
Chapter 9. Recombinant BCG as Vector for Mucosal Immunity129
I. Introduction129
II. Background on BCG130
III. rBCG as a Vaccine Delivery Vehicle : Expressing Foreign Proteins on the Surface of BCG131
IV. rBCG as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery Vehicle for the Upper Respiratory Tract131
V. Conclusions134
References134
Chapter 10. Poliovirus Replicons as a Vector for Mucosal Vaccines137
I. Introduction137
II. The Poliovirus Genome138
III. Development of Poliovirus as an Expression Vector138
IV. Immunological Studies141
V. Perspectives144
Acknowledgments144
References144
Chapter 11. Recombinant Adenoviruses as Vectors for Mucosal Immunity147
I . Introduction147
II. Adenoviruses and Their Molecular Biology147
III. Construction of Recombinant Adenovirus Vectors148
IV. Adenovirus as a Vaccine Vector149
V. Induction of Mucosal Immunity by Adenoviruses150
VI. Advances in Adenovirus Vector Methodology and Future Directions152
VII. Summary153
References154
Chapter 12. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Microencapsulation of Vaccines for Mucosal Immunization159
I. Introduction159
II. Characteristics of DL-PLG Microspheres161
III. Microencapsulated Vaccines for Mucosal Immunization165
IV. Future Directions168
References169
Chapter 13. ISCOMs, Liposomes, and Oil-Based Vaccine Delivery Systems175
I . Introduction175
II. Immunostimulating Complexes177
III. Liposomes179
IV. Oil-Based Delivery Systems181
V. Concluding Remarks182
References183
Chapter 14. Passive Immunity for Protection against Mucosal Infections and Vaccination for Dental Ca187
I. Introduction187
II. Concept of Passive Immunity187
III . Experimental Approach for Mucosal Passive Immunization against Infections188
IV. Vaccination and Passive Immunization against Dental Caries193
V. Summary and Prospects194
References194
Part V: Mucosal Vaccines for Bacterial Diseases199
Chapter 15. Human Mucosal Vaccines for Salmonella typhi Infections201
I. Introduction201
II. Pathogenesis201
III. Vaccines202
IV. Summary Comment208
References208
Chapter 16. Oral Vaccines for Shigella213
I. Bacillary Dysentery: Clinical Picture and Epidemiology213
II. Pathogenesis and Molecular Biology of Shigella Infections214
III. Immune Response in Shigellosis215
IV. Vaccine Development216
V. Conclusions222
References223
Chapter 17. Progress toward Live-Attenuated Cholera Vaccines229
I. Introduction229
II. Parenteral Cholera Vaccines230
III. Oral Cholera Vaccines231
IV. Infection-Derived Immunity231
V. Killed Whole-Cell Oral Vaccines231
VI. Live-Attenuated Oral Vaccines232
VII. Nonrecombinant Live Oral Vaccines232
VIII. Recombinant Live-Attenuated Vaccines232
IX. CVD 103-HgR235
X. A New Generation of Cholera Vaccines235
References238
Chapter 18. Oral Vaccines against Cholera and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Diarrhea241
I. Introduction241
II. Mechanisms of Disease and Immunity242
III. Oral Cholera Vaccines244
IV. Oral B Subunit Whole-Cell ETEC Vaccine247
V. Summary250
References251
Chapter 19. Mucosal Immunity to H. pylori: Implications for Vaccine Development255
I . Introduction255
II. Overview of H. pylori Infection255
III. Gastric Immune and Inflammatory Responses to H. pylori Infection256
IV. Why Develop a Vaccine for H. pylori?259
V. Strategies for Successful Vaccination against H. pylori259
VI. Experimental Evidence That Immunization Can Prevent and/or Cure Helicobacter Infection260
VII. Future Challenges in Mucosal Vaccines for Helicobacter pylori262
VIII. Summary263
References263
Chapter 20. Mucosal Immunity Induced by Oral Administration of Bacille Calmette„Guerin269
I. General Background on Bacille Calmette„Guérin269
II. History of Oral Bacille Calmette–Guérin Administration270
III. Protective Mycobacterial Immune Responses273
IV. Immunity Stimulated by Oral Bacille Calmette–Guérin Vaccination274
V. Summary276
References276
Part VI: Mucosal Vaccines for Viral Diseases281
Chapter 21. Polioviruses and Mucosal Vaccines283
I. Introduction283
II. Neurovirulence and Molecular Biology of Poliovirus286
III . Virus Shedding and Revertants287
IV. The Immune System and Poliovirus Vaccines287
V. The Nature of Immune Responses to Polio Vaccines290
VI. Polio Vaccines in Combinatio n with Other Vaccines291
VII. Concluding Remarks291
References292
Chapter 22. The Rationale for a Mucosal Approach to the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-As295
I. Introduction295
II. Is There Immunity to RSV ?296
III. Why Was Enhanced Illness Seen Following Inactivated Vaccine ?296
IV. Role of Serum Antibody297
V. Role of Mucosal Immunity297
VI. Role of Cell-Mediated Immunity297
VII. Mucosal Immunization298
VIII. Summary299
References299
Chapter 23. Oral Immunization with Influenza Virus Vaccines303
I. Introduction303
II. Oral Immunization with Live Virus303
III. Oral Immunization with Inactivated Virus304
IV. Comment308
References308
Chapter 24. Parainfluenza Virus Vaccines311
I. Introduction311
II. Virology311
III. Epidemiology312
IV. Reinfection313
V. Pathogenesis313
VI. Antigenic Composition313
VII. Immune Responses314
VIII. Progress in Vaccine Development314
IX. Development of Live-Attenuate d HPIV-3 Vaccine315
X. Evaluation of Cold-Passaged Vaccine Strains in Animals316
XI. Human Studies316
XII. Molecular Characterization of the Candidate Vaccine Strain318
XIII. Potential Use of Reverse Genetics in Vaccine Development319
XIV. Concluding Remarks319
References319
Chapter 25. Development of a Mucosal Rotavirus Vaccine325
I. Introduction325
II. Immunologic Determinants of Protection against Rotavirus- Induced Gastroenteritis in Humans326
III. Current Live Rotavirus Vaccines for Children327
IV. Animal Models to Study Active Immunity330
V. New Approaches to Vaccines for Children336
VI. Summary and Conclusions338
References339
Chapter 26. Rotavirus Vaccine: The Clinical Experience with the Rhesus Rotavirus-Based Vaccines345
I. Introduction : Importance of Rotavirus as a Cause of Diarrhea345
II. Rotavirus Vaccine Development345
III. Properties of Rotavirus Relevant to Vaccine Development347
IV. Field Trials with Quadrivalent Vaccine350
V. Other Modified Jennerian Approaches352
VI. Non Jennerian Approach353
VII. Cost Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccine353
VIII. Summary353
References354
Chapter 27. Rectal and Genital Immunization with SIV/HIV357
I. Introduction357
II. Genito-Urinary and Rectal Epithelia357
III. Epithelial Cells and Receptor s Involved in HIV Transmission358
IV. Functional Biology of the Draining Lymph Nodes359
V. HIV/SIV Target Cells in the Genital and Rectal Tracts360
VI. Importance of Viral Variants in Sexual Transmission of HIV361
VII. Genital and Intestinal Antibody Responses to SIV/HIV Infection362
VIII. Genital and Rectal Cellular Responses to HIV/SIV Infection363
IX. Routes of Immunization That Elicit Genito-Urinary and Rectal Immunity364
X. Mucosal Immunity in Protection against Mucosal Challenge by Live SIV365
References366
Part VII: Site-Directed Mucosal Vaccines373
Chapter 28. Mucosal Immunity in the Female Reproductive Tract : Effect of Sex Hormones on Immune Rec375
I. Introduction375
II. Mucosal Immunity in the Female Reproductive Tract376
III. Sex Hormone Regulation of Mucosal Immunity in the Female Reproductive Tract377
IV. Discussion384
V. Conclusions386
References386
Chapter 29. Mucosal Immunity in the Urinary System389
I. The Urinary Tract as a Model System for Studies of Mucosal Immunity389
II. Urinary Tract Infection–Background389
III. Mechanisms of Resistance to Bacterial Colonization390
IV. Mucosal Inflammation393
V. Specific Immunity in Urinary Tract Infection395
VI. Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection396
References398
Chapter 30. Mucosal Immunity in the Ocular System403
I. Introduction403
II. Ocular Mucosal Immunobiology403
III. Induction of Ocular Mucosal Immune Responses406
IV. Targets for Vaccine Development410
V. Summary414
References414
Chapter 31. Intranasal Immunization with Influenza Vaccine425
I. Introduction425
II. Protection against Influenza Virus Infection by Intranasal Immunization with the Adjuvant-Combin426
III. Immunological Basis of Protective Effect of Intranasal Immunization with Adjuvant-Combined Vacc430
IV. Usefulness of CT-B Containing a Trace Amount of CT as an Adjuvant for Intranasal Immunization wi431
V. Perspective432
References433
Chapter 32. Mucosal Immunity and Periodontitis437
I. Introduction437
II. Humoral Immune Response in Periodontitis Patients437
III. Prospects for a Vaccine438
IV. Studies in Rodents439
V. Studies in Nonhuman Primates441
VI. Discussion444
VII. Conclusions446
References446
Chapter 33. Mucosal Immunity of the Middle Ear451
I. Introduction451
II. Immunocompetent Cells in the Middle Ear Mucosa451
III. Microorganisms in MEEs and Nasopharyngeal Secretions452
IV. Systemic Immune Responses against Bacterial Antigen452
V. Local Immune Response in the Middle Ear453
VI. Immunoregulation in the Middle Ear453
VII. Source of IgA Precursors in the Middle Ear454
VIII. Mucosal Immunity in the Nasopharynx455
IX. Prevention of Otitis Media by Mucosal Vaccination455
References456
Index459

Book details

Vendor Elsevier S & T
SKU 9780124105805
ISBN-13 9780080537054
Author Kiyono, Hiroshi; Ogra, Pearay L.; McGhee, Jerry R.
Category Medical
Subject Immunology

Do you have questions about this book?

Ask an expert!

This comprehensive, authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects, and practical applications. The contributing authors and editors of this one-of-a-kind book are very well known in their respective fields. Mucosal Vaccines is organized in a unique format in which basic, clinical, and practical aspects of the mucosal immune system for vaccine development are described and discussed. This project is endorsed by the Society for Mucosal Immunology.

Key Features
* Provides the latest views on mucosal vaccines
* Applies basic principles to the development of new vaccines
* Links basic, clinical, and practical aspects of mucosal vaccines to different infectious diseases
* Unique and user-friendly organization

Instant delivery by email
Your access email arrives within minutes of checkout, with a sign-in link for each book — no shipping, no waiting.

Read on any device
Books open in VitalSource Bookshelf on your phone, tablet, or computer, online or offline. Your library is always available at aafaq.vitalsource.com — just log in with the email you used at checkout.

Lost the email?
Resend it to yourself in seconds from My eBook orders, or email cs@aafaqeducation.com and we'll help.