Normal and Abnormal Fear and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents
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Table of contents
- Table of Contentsvii
- Prefaceix
- Introductionxi
- Chapter 1: Normal and Abnormal Fear and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents1
- Introduction1
- Definitions of Fear and Anxiety1
- Normal Fear and Anxiety4
- Developmental Patterns in Fear and Anxiety6
- Fear, Anxiety, and Cognitive Development9
- Gender Differences in Fear and Anxiety12
- Severity of Childhood Fear and Anxiety13
- Abnormal Fear and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents14
- Gender Differences in Childhood Anxiety Disorders18
- Course of Abnormal Anxiety in Youths19
- Severity and Comorbidity Among Childhood Anxiety Disorders22
- Comorbidity with Other Psychiatric Disorders27
- The Bridge Between Normal and Abnormal Fear and Anxiety in Youths29
- Chapter 2: Genetically Based Vulnerability31
- Introduction31
- Genetic Influences31
- Behavioral Inhibition37
- Neuroticism42
- Trait Anxiety46
- Biological Intermezzo46
- Anxiety Sensitivity53
- Disgust Sensitivity57
- Conclusion58
- Chapter 3: Environmental Influences61
- Introduction61
- Traumatic Events and PTSD62
- Trauma and Other Anxiety Disorders64
- Negative Life Events66
- Peer Victimization70
- Trauma, Stress, and the Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety72
- Conditioning Experiences74
- Three Pathways to Fear and Phobia76
- Modeling and the Transmission of Negative Information79
- Preparedness and Nonassociative Fear Acquisition83
- Family Influences85
- Gender Role Orientation93
- Cultural Differences95
- Conclusion97
- Chapter 4: Protective Factors99
- Introduction99
- Resilience99
- Effortful Control103
- Perceived Control107
- Self-Related Concepts112
- Coping, Defense, and Emotion Regulation116
- Social Support124
- Conclusion126
- Chapter 5: Maintaining Factors129
- Introduction129
- Information-Processing Abnormalities130
- Dysfunctional and Negative Thinking150
- Conclusion162
- Chapter 6: The Aetiology of Childhood Phobias and Anxiety Disorders: A Dynamic Multifactorial Model163
- Introduction163
- Aetiological Models of Pathological Fear and Anxiety in Youths163
- The Developmental Psychopathology Perspective167
- A Dynamic Multifactorial Model of Childhood Anxiety Disorders168
- Some Empirical Evidence for the Model176
- Clinical Application of the Model: A Case Study183
- What Was Really Wrong with Little Hans?187
- Conclusion190
- Chapter 7: Assessment of Fear and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents193
- Introduction193
- Self-Report Questionnaires193
- Clinician Rating Scales211
- Diagnostic Interviews213
- Direct Assessment of Fearful and Anxious Behavior217
- Conclusion222
- Chapter 8: Treatment and Prevention of Childhood Anxiety225
- Introduction225
- Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Childhood Anxiety226
- Effectiveness of CBT in Childhood Phobias and Anxiety Disorders227
- Conclusion264
- Appendix: Questionnaires267
- References299
- Index373
Written at a post-graduate level, this new volume provides a cumulative overview of the research available on the pathogenesis of fear and anxiety in youths. Its aim is to give the reader an idea of the factors that are thought to be involved in the development of abnormal fear and anxiety in children and adolescents, and to integrate this knowledge in a comprehensive model. This book also gives an update of the current scientific status on the psychological and pharmacological treatment and assessment of anxiety disorders in youths.
*Reviews research literature on the cause of childhood anxiety, not only the existence and treatment
*Discusses empirically supported intervention strategies
*Includes questionnaires for measuring anxiety and related concepts that can be employed for research purposes
*Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents is the author's primary area of research
*Reviews research literature on the cause of childhood anxiety, not only the existence and treatment
*Discusses empirically supported intervention strategies
*Includes questionnaires for measuring anxiety and related concepts that can be employed for research purposes
*Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents is the author's primary area of research