Oracle Real Application Clusters
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Copyright Pageiv
- Contentsvii
- Prefacexiii
- Acknowledgmentsxix
- Part I: Concepts1
- Chapter 1. Requirement Analysis3
- 1.1 Introduction3
- 1.2 Modern business requirements4
- 1.3 Conclusion14
- Chapter 2. Hardware Concepts17
- 2.1 Introduction17
- 2.2 Uniprocessor model18
- 2.3 Multiprocessor model19
- 2.4 Clustered systems23
- 2.5 Clustered configuration36
- 2.6 How clusters work47
- 2.7 Disk configuration50
- 2.8 Storage system architectures56
- 2.9 Disk allocation59
- 2.10 Conclusion61
- Chapter 3. Oracle Database Concepts63
- 3.1 Introduction63
- 3.2 Oracle components64
- 3.3 Oracle data storage91
- 3.4 Optimizer107
- 3.5 Dynamic components108
- 3.6 Changes between OPS and RAC113
- 3.7 Conclusion118
- Part II: Architecture119
- Chapter 4. Real Application Cluster Architecture121
- 4.1 Introduction121
- 4.2 RAC architecture121
- 4.3 Clustering Linux systems124
- 4.4 Background processes in RAC124
- 4.5 Cache fusion128
- 4.6 Global resource directory133
- 4.7 Lock structure136
- 4.8 Global cache management137
- 4.9 Mastering of resources139
- 4.10 Failover142
- 4.11 Recovery144
- 4.12 Database files in RAC147
- 4.13 Maintaining read consistency in RAC150
- 4.14 Conclusion161
- Chapter 5. Transaction Management163
- 5.1 Introduction163
- 5.2 ACID property of transactional requirements164
- 5.3 Single instance transaction behavior166
- 5.4 Multi-instance transaction behavior182
- 5.5 Conclusion204
- Chapter 6. Parallel Processing205
- 6.1 Introduction205
- 6.2 What is parallel processing?206
- 6.3 Why parallel processing?207
- 6.4 Oracle and parallel processing209
- 6.5 Parallel query architecture210
- 6.6 Parallel processing in RAC219
- 6.7 Parallel load operations223
- 6.8 Parallel recovery226
- 6.9 Troubleshooting parallel processing227
- 6.10 Tuning the parallel query229
- 6.11 Conclusion230
- Chapter 7. Designing Databases for RAC233
- 7.1 Introduction233
- 7.2 Database design practices235
- 7.3 Tablespace management237
- 7.4 Selecting the right indexing method241
- 7.5 Hash Clusters252
- 7.6 Partitioning254
- 7.7 Sequence number275
- 7.8 Features for data warehouse design277
- 7.9 Conclusion280
- Chapter 8. Installation and Configuration283
- 8.1 Introduction283
- 8.2 Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA)284
- 8.3 Installation287
- 8.4 Database creation306
- 8.5 Database configuration316
- 8.6 Database administration327
- 8.7 Adding nodes in RAC330
- 8.8 Conclusion331
- Chapter 9. Parameters and Views333
- 9.1 Introduction333
- 9.2 Types of views334
- 9.3 Parameters377
- 9.4 Conclusion385
- Part III: Operations387
- Chapter 10. Availability and Scalability389
- 10.1 Introduction389
- 10.2 Availability394
- 10.3 Scalability432
- 10.4 Maximum availability architecture435
- 10.5 Conclusion436
- Chapter 11. Migrating to RAC439
- 11.1 Introduction439
- 11.2 Analysis process440
- 11.3 Cost-benefit analysis442
- 11.4 Preparation phase443
- 11.5 Capacity planning444
- 11.6 Oracle single instance vs. clustered configuration450
- 11.7 Migrating from a single instance to RAC451
- 11.8 Conclusion455
- Chapter 12. Backup and Recovery457
- 12.1 Introduction457
- 12.2 Backup458
- 12.3 Backup and recovery strategy471
- 12.4 Redo internals471
- 12.5 Failure and recovery479
- 12.6 Flashback queries506
- 12.7 Oracle LogMiner508
- 12.8 Conclusion513
- Chapter 13. Performance Tuning: Tools and Utilities515
- 13.1 Introduction515
- 13.2 UTLBSTAT/UTLESTAT516
- 13.3 STATSPACK517
- 13.4 Oracle Enterprise Manager534
- 13.5 EXPLAIN PLAN546
- 13.6 SQL Trace548
- 13.7 Oracle event interface550
- 13.8 Oracle’s Wait interface559
- 13.9 Conclusion569
- Chapter 14. Tuning a Single Instance571
- 14.1 Introduction571
- 14.2 Methodology572
- 14.3 Application tuning576
- 14.4 Instance tuning586
- 14.5 Database tuning606
- 14.6 Operating system tuning615
- 14.7 Conclusion626
- Chapter 15. Performance Tuning: Cluster629
- 15.1 Introduction629
- 15.2 Storage subsystem630
- 15.3 Cluster interconnect633
- 15.4 Cluster instance tuning639
- 15.5 Workload characteristics644
- 15.6 Statistics affecting RAC647
- 15.7 Monitoring Cache Transfers653
- 15.8 Conclusion659
- Chapter 16. Problem Diagnosis661
- 16.1 Introduction661
- 16.2 RAC diagnostics662
- 16.3 ORADEBUG utility668
- 16.4 Critical ORA errors671
- 16.5 Remote Diagnostic Agent (RDA)678
- 16.6 Conclusion679
- Chapter 17. RAC Implementations681
- 17.1 Introduction681
- 17.2 Linux681
- 17.3 Windows698
- 17.4 Conclusion717
- Part IV: Appendices719
- Appendix 1: Utilities721
- A1.1 GSDCTL: Global service daemon control721
- A1.2 SRVCTL: Server control721
- A1.3 ORADEBUG: Oracle debugger727
- Appendix 2: Scripts731
- A2.1 Database creation scripts731
- A2.2 Initialization parameter file734
- A2.3 Oracle Net files737
- A2.4 Capture session statistics738
- Appendix 3: References743
- Appendix 4: Work Plan745
- A4.1 Introduction745
- A4.2 Certification matrix745
- A4.3 Work plan RAC migration checklist746
- About the Author751
- Index753
Clustered configuration first hit the scene nearly 20 years ago when Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) introduced the VaxCluster. Until now, the topic of Real Application Clusters (RAC) implementation had never been fully explored. For the first time, Murali Vallath dissects RAC mysteries in his book Oracle Real Application Clusters to enlighten and educate readers on the internals of RAC operations, cache fusion, fusion recovery processes and the fast reconfiguration of RAC.
This book provides comprehensive coverage of the features, technology and principles of RAC that is part of the Oracle9i release of Oracle's RDBMS product. It is divided into three main parts: application/database design, development and maintenance life cycles.
Compared to its predecessor OPS, the architecture behind RAC implementation have changed significantly. Vallath discusses Oracle9i features in a RAC implementation with respect to usage and design considerations, as well as those parameters that are and are not applicable. Areas covered include partitioning, indexes, tablespace management, transaction management, backup and recovery principles. Performance tuning with examples, troubleshooting and problem solving scenarios are covered in detail, as well as discussions on the migration process from a single instance database to RAC and migration from an OPS implementation to RAC.
Oracle Real Application Clusters takes readers through a logical flow from RAC concepts to operations, covering each facet with a fine-tooth comb. Vallath's skilled writing style makes each chapter entertaining and informative as only a true RAC connoisseur can provide. New and experienced users of RAC, as well as those seeking to expand their knowledge of this dynamic technology, will find this book to be a necessity for both home and office reference libraries.
*Focuses on implementing, testing and tuning features of Real Application Clusters (RAC)
*Provides extensive coverage of usage, day-to-day functions and operations
*Includes tips and techniques such as script samples to illustrate various features of RAC
*Unravels the internals of RAC architecture
This book provides comprehensive coverage of the features, technology and principles of RAC that is part of the Oracle9i release of Oracle's RDBMS product. It is divided into three main parts: application/database design, development and maintenance life cycles.
Compared to its predecessor OPS, the architecture behind RAC implementation have changed significantly. Vallath discusses Oracle9i features in a RAC implementation with respect to usage and design considerations, as well as those parameters that are and are not applicable. Areas covered include partitioning, indexes, tablespace management, transaction management, backup and recovery principles. Performance tuning with examples, troubleshooting and problem solving scenarios are covered in detail, as well as discussions on the migration process from a single instance database to RAC and migration from an OPS implementation to RAC.
Oracle Real Application Clusters takes readers through a logical flow from RAC concepts to operations, covering each facet with a fine-tooth comb. Vallath's skilled writing style makes each chapter entertaining and informative as only a true RAC connoisseur can provide. New and experienced users of RAC, as well as those seeking to expand their knowledge of this dynamic technology, will find this book to be a necessity for both home and office reference libraries.
*Focuses on implementing, testing and tuning features of Real Application Clusters (RAC)
*Provides extensive coverage of usage, day-to-day functions and operations
*Includes tips and techniques such as script samples to illustrate various features of RAC
*Unravels the internals of RAC architecture