Elsevier S & T

Passive Optical Networks: Principles and Practice

Lam, Cedric F.

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Table of contents
  • Contentsvii
  • Dedication Pagev
  • List of Acronymsxiii
  • List of Figuresxxi
  • List of Tablesxxxv
  • Prefacexxxvii
  • Acknowledgmentsxxxix
  • List of Contributorsxli
  • Chapter 1: Introduction1
  • 1.1 History of Broadband Access Networks and PON1
  • 1.1.1 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)2
  • 1.1.2 Cable Modem3
  • 1.1.3 Fiber Access Systems7
  • 1.1.4 Ethernet8
  • 1.1.5 WDM in Optical Access Networks11
  • 1.1.6 Killer Applications11
  • 1.2 Economic Considerations in PON Development12
  • 1.2.1 How Much Bandwidth Is Enough?12
  • 1.2.2 Policy and Regulation Influence13
  • 1.2.3 Standardization Efforts14
  • 1.2.4 Cost Considerations14
  • 1.3 Organization of the Book15
  • References16
  • Chapter 2: PON Architectures Review19
  • 2.1 FTTx Overview19
  • 2.2 TDM-PON vs WDM-PON20
  • 2.3 Optical Transmission System21
  • 2.3.1 Optical Fiber21
  • 2.3.2 Chromatic Dispersion23
  • 2.3.3 Fiber Loss25
  • 2.3.4 Bidirectional Transmission26
  • 2.3.5 Wavelength Division Duplex27
  • 2.4 Power-Splitting Strategies in a TDM-PON29
  • 2.4.1 Splitting Architectures29
  • 2.4.2 Splitting Ratio30
  • 2.5 Standard Commercial TMD-PON Infrastructure30
  • 2.5.1 OLT and ONU Structures31
  • 2.5.2 Burst Mode Operation and Ranging33
  • 2.5.3 C-Band Analog CATV Signal Overlay35
  • 2.5.4 Security Concerns in Power-Splitting PON36
  • 2.6 APON/BPON and G-PON37
  • 2.6.1 ATM-PON and ITU-T G.98337
  • 2.6.2 Collision Resolution in APON/G-PON42
  • 2.6.3 Wavelength Overlay in APON/G-PON42
  • 2.6.4 G-PON and ITU-T G.98443
  • 2.6.5 APON/G-PON Protection Switching54
  • 2.7 EPON54
  • 2.7.1 Ethernet Layering Architecture and EPON54
  • 2.7.2 EPON PMD Layer56
  • 2.7.3 Burst Mode Operation and Loop Timing in EPON56
  • 2.7.4 PCS Layer and Forward Error Correction59
  • 2.7.5 Ethernet Framing59
  • 2.7.6 Multipoint Control Protocol (MPCP)60
  • 2.7.7 Point-to-Point Emulation (P2PE) in EPON65
  • 2.7.8 EPON Encryption and Protection67
  • 2.7.9 Ethernet OAM Sublayer68
  • 2.8 G-PON and EPON Comparison69
  • 2.9 Super PON70
  • 2.10 WDM-PON71
  • 2.10.1 Advantages and Challenges of WDM-PON72
  • 2.10.2 Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) Router72
  • 2.10.3 Broadcast Emulation and Point-to-Point Operation74
  • 2.10.4 2-PONs-In-174
  • 2.10.5 WDM-on-WDM75
  • 2.10.6 Hybrid WDM/TDM-PON76
  • 2.10.7 Multiply Fiber Plant Utility by WDM80
  • 2.11 Summary84
  • References84
  • Chapter 3: Optical Technologies in Passive Optical Access Networks87
  • 3.1 Introduction87
  • 3.2 Optical Technologies in Passive Outside Plant91
  • 3.2.1 Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC)-Based Optical Power Splitter91
  • 3.2.2 Arrayed Waveguide Grating93
  • 3.3 PON Technologies for Indoor Installation108
  • 3.3.1 Field Assembly and Indoor Connectors108
  • 3.3.2 Fiber for Indoor Installations112
  • 3.4 Transmitter Sources at Subscriber Premises120
  • 3.4.1 Introduction120
  • 3.4.2 Wavelength-Specific ONUs122
  • 3.4.3 Colorless ONUs129
  • 3.4.4 Source-Free ONUs Based on Wavelength Reuse Schemes137
  • 3.5 Summary141
  • References143
  • Chapter 4: Transceivers for Passive Optical Networks151
  • 4.1 Introduction151
  • 4.1.1 Historical Background152
  • 4.1.2 PON Transceiver Evolution153
  • 4.2 PON System Requirements154
  • 4.2.1 PON System Power Budgets and Specifications154
  • 4.2.2 Physical-Layer Specifications155
  • 4.2.3 PON Burst-Mode Timing Requirements156
  • 4.3 Transceiver Technologies161
  • 4.3.1 Transceiver Building Blocks162
  • 4.3.2 Optical Transmit and Receive Devices163
  • 4.3.3 Bidirectional Optical Subassembly (BOSA)167
  • 4.3.4 PON Transceiver Modules172
  • 4.4 Burst-Mode Electronics174
  • 4.4.1 Conventional vs Burst-Mode Data174
  • 4.4.2 Burst-Mode Transmitter (BM Tx)175
  • 4.4.3 Burst-Mode Receiver (BM Rx)181
  • 4.5 Transceiver Digital-Diagnostic Monitoring187
  • 4.5.1 Module Parameter Monitoring188
  • 4.5.2 Fiber OTDR Monitoring192
  • 4.6 PON Transceiver System Evaluation196
  • 4.6.1 G-PON Transceiver System Evaluation197
  • 4.6.2 EPON Transceivers202
  • 4.6.3 Impact of Analog CATV Overlay205
  • 4.7 Summary and Outlook207
  • References209
  • Chapter 5: Ranging and Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation215
  • 5.1 Ranging215
  • 5.1.1 Purpose of Ranging215
  • 5.1.2 Ranging Procedures Overview216
  • 5.1.3 Ranging Protocol of G-PON218
  • 5.1.4 Ranging Protocol of EPON220
  • 5.2 Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA)221
  • 5.2.1 DBA Overview221
  • 5.2.2 Target Service222
  • 5.2.3 Requirements of DBA224
  • 5.2.4 Traffic Control Fundamentals„Fair Queuing226
  • 5.2.5 IPACT and its Variants228
  • 5.2.6 Improved DBA231
  • References241
  • Chapter 6: Protection Architectures for Passive Optical Networks243
  • 6.1 Introduction243
  • 6.2 Considerations of Protection in Passive Optical Networks244
  • 6.2.1 Protection or Restoration245
  • 6.2.2 Network Topology245
  • 6.2.3 Network Type246
  • 6.2.4 Resources To Be Protected246
  • 6.2.5 Single or Multiple Failures247
  • 6.2.6 Automatic Protection Switching247
  • 6.2.7 Operation, Administration, and Management247
  • 6.2.8 Traffic Restoration Time247
  • 6.2.9 Complexity248
  • 6.3 Protection Architectures248
  • 6.3.1 Conventional Passive Optical Networks248
  • 6.3.2 WDM Passive Optical Networks253
  • 6.4 Summary261
  • Acknowledgments264
  • References264
  • Chapter 7: Optical Characterization, Diagnosis, and Performance Monitoring for PON267
  • 7.1 Introduction267
  • 7.2 Network Testing, Characterization, and Monitoring Challenges for PON269
  • 7.2.1 Fiber’s Key Characteristics269
  • 7.2.2 Characterization and Monitoring Challenges for PON271
  • 7.3 Methods for Characterization, Diagnosis, and Monitoring275
  • 7.3.1 Required Physical-Layer Measurement275
  • 7.3.2 Basic Test Equipment275
  • 7.3.3 Network Testing, Characterization, and Diagnosis Guidelines277
  • 7.3.4 Network Performance Monitoring278
  • 7.4 Conclusion296
  • Acknowledgments296
  • References296
  • Appendix I: G-PON PMD Characteristics301
  • Appendix II: EPON MPCPDU Formats311
  • Index315
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780123738530
  • ISBN-13 9780080553450
  • Author Lam, Cedric F.
  • Category Technology & Engineering
  • Subject Optics

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Description eBook delivery & access Reviews
Passive optical network (PON) technologies have become an important broadband access technology as a result of the growing demand for bandwidth-hungry video-on-demand applications. Written by the leading researchers and industry experts in the field, this book provides coherent coverage of networking technologies, fiber optic transmission technologies, as well as the electronics involved in PON system development.

Features:

* An in-depth overview of PON technologies and the potential applications that they enable
* Comprehensive review of all major PON standards and architecture evolutions, as well as their pros and cons
* Balanced coverage of recent research findings with economic and engineering considerations
* Presents system issues of protocols, performance, management and protection
* Extensive references to standards and research materials for further studies

This book provides an authoritative overview of PON technologies and system requirements and is ideal for engineers and managers in industry, university researchers, and graduate students.

*Balances treatment of the optical technologies with systems issues such as protocols, performance, management and protection
*Covers latest developments in WDM-PONS, protection switching, dynamic bandwidth allocation
*Practical coverage with a chapter on PON applications and deployment
*Case studies on implementing PONs