Pesticide Risk Assessment in Rice Paddies: Theory and Practice: Theory and Practice
Regular price
94.250 KD
inc. VAT
Couldn't load pickup availability
Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Prefaceix
- Chapter 1. Rice Cultivation in the E.U. Ecological Conditions and Agronomical Practices1
- 1. Introduction1
- 2. Rice Ecosystems2
- 3. Rice Cultivation in Europe4
- 4. Ecological Conditions6
- 5. Agronomic Practices8
- 6. Weeds and weed Management14
- 7. Rice Diseases20
- 8. Invertebrate Pests20
- 9. Ripening and Harvesting21
- 10. Paddy Drying Process and Product Preservation22
- 11. Crop Management and Environment22
- References23
- Chapter 2. Regulatory Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment25
- 1. Introduction26
- 2. The Legislative Framework26
- 3. The Scientific Assessment of Active Substances28
- 4. The Process of Pesticide Approvaland Registration36
- 5. Current Developments in the Pesticide Regulatory Process in the EU40
- References43
- Chapter 3. Will Risk Assessment Help Risk Management?45
- 1. Introduction45
- 2. The Knowledge Transfer Process46
- 3. Management by Methodology51
- 4. A Gradient from Science to Management55
- References56
- Chapter 4. Water Resource Contamination in Italian Paddy Areas59
- 1. Introduction59
- 2. Potential Non-Point Contamination60
- 3. Defining Vulnerable Areas62
- 4. Human Risk64
- References66
- Chapter 5. Ecotoxicology of Rice Pesticides69
- 1. Introduction69
- 2. Environmentaland Ecotoxicity Data for risk Assessment of Pesticides71
- 3. Specific Issues Associated with Paddy Rice74
- 4. Ecotoxicologicalassessment of Rice Pesticides77
- 5. Conclusions87
- References88
- Chapter 6. Pesticide Exposure Assessment in Rice Paddies: The Lower-Tier Analysis91
- 1. Introduction91
- 2. Environmental fate Data Requirements92
- 3. Definition of Scenarios for Exposure Assessment92
- 4. Predicted Environmental Concentrations in Surface water and Sediment94
- 5. Predicted Environmental Concentrations in Groundwater99
- 6. Predicted Environmental Concentrations in Soil101
- 7. Step 2 Exposure Assessment102
- 8. Conclusions122
- References123
- Chapter 7. Higher Tier Exposure Assessment in Rice Paddy Areas: A European Perspective125
- 1. Introduction125
- 2. Exposure Assessment at tier 3: Paddy Field Scale Level128
- 3. Exposure Assessment at tier 4: Basin-Scale Level145
- 4. Concluding Remarks and the way Forward160
- Acknowledgments162
- References162
- Chapter 8. Pesticide Exposure Assessment in Rice Paddy Areas: A Japanese Perspective167
- 1. Introduction168
- 2. Pesticide use in Japan169
- 3. Pesticide Regulation in Japan170
- 4. Tier System Approach in the New Pesticide Registration Scheme171
- 5. Monitoring Pesticide Risk in Monsoon Asian Climate180
- 6. Modeling the fate and Transport of Pesticides at Paddy Field and Watershed Scale192
- 7. Risk Management for Reducing Pesticide Losses into Aquatic Environments in Asian Monsoon Climate206
- 8. Summary and Conclusions209
- References211
- Chapter 9. Higher Tier Exposure Assessments in Rice Paddy Areas: An American Perspective215
- 1. Overview of Rice Production in the United States215
- 2. United States Environmental Protection Agency Tiered Process for risk Assessment217
- 3. Tier 1 Assessment218
- 4. Tier 2 Assessment (Ricewq/Exams)219
- 5. Tier 3 Assessment (Ricewq/Rivwq Watershed)226
- 6. Tier 4 Assessment (Monitoring/Mitigation)229
- 7. Discussion233
- 8. Disclaimer235
- References235
- Chapter 10. Socio-Economic and Environmental Cost-Benefit Analysis of Rice Cultivation237
- 1. Introduction: Externalities, Public Goods and Economic Value of the Resource-Environment System237
- 2. Towards a General Framework for a Social Cost-Benefit Analysis of Rice Cultivation239
- 3. Economic Tools and Techniques for the Economic Evaluation of Costs and Benefits243
- 4. Quantitative Assessment of Specific Aspects of Rice Cultivation244
- 5. Major Issues and Perspectives for Future Work245
- References247
- Subject Index249
- Colour Plate Section251
Rice is cultivated throughout the world under submerged conditions. The high water requirements and the heavy pesticide load used in rice paddies worldwide have resulted in contamination of associated surface water, such as streams, ditches, rivers and lakes. The uniform risk assessment approach which has been developed for other crops is not applicable to rice paddies, because of the specific conditions applied to rice cultivation.
Pesticide Risk Assessment in Rice Paddies: Theory and Practice fills the gap in information on this subject. Written by experts, this book summarizes the methods used for pesticide risk assessment in rice paddies, the limitations and problems encountered and future developments. It also examines the various agronomic, pesticide application and risk assessment approaches used in different rice cultivated zones in Asia, America and Europe and is an essential reference for those working in this area.
* The only up-to-date book dealing with pesticide risk assessment in the flooded conditions of rice paddies
* Offers guidelines on the use and application of existing modeling tools, specific for rice cultivation
* Presents the differences and similarities in rice cropping systems and how these relate to pesticide risk assessment
Pesticide Risk Assessment in Rice Paddies: Theory and Practice fills the gap in information on this subject. Written by experts, this book summarizes the methods used for pesticide risk assessment in rice paddies, the limitations and problems encountered and future developments. It also examines the various agronomic, pesticide application and risk assessment approaches used in different rice cultivated zones in Asia, America and Europe and is an essential reference for those working in this area.
* The only up-to-date book dealing with pesticide risk assessment in the flooded conditions of rice paddies
* Offers guidelines on the use and application of existing modeling tools, specific for rice cultivation
* Presents the differences and similarities in rice cropping systems and how these relate to pesticide risk assessment