Elsevier S & T

Physical Oceanography of the Frontal Zones in Sub-Arctic Seas

Kostianoy, A.G.; Nihoul, J.C.J.; Rodionov, V.B.

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Table of contents
  • Cover
  • Contentsix
  • Prefacev
  • Chapter 1. Terminology, definitions, basic characteristics and methods of investigation1
  • 1.1. Definition of frontal zones and fronts1
  • 1.2. Basic characteristics of frontal zones and fronts3
  • 1.3. Modern methods of investigation of frontal zones12
  • Chapter 2. Brief history of exploration and oceanographic investigations in the Subarctic Seas19
  • 2.1. Historical overview of exploration of the Norwegian, Greenland, and Barents Seas19
  • 2.2. Exploration of the Northeast Passage, the Far East, and the Bering Sea30
  • 2.3. State of the art in the research of oceanic fronts in the Subarctic Seas37
  • Chapter 3. Frontal zones in the Norwegian and Greenland Seas49
  • 3.1. General physical and geographical characteristics of the seas49
  • 3.2. Systematization of frontal zones56
  • 3.3. Norwegian Current Frontal Zone73
  • 3.4. Coastal Frontal Zone of the Norwegian Sea78
  • 3.5. Iceland-Faeroe Frontal Zone82
  • 3.6. East Greenland Frontal Zone84
  • 3.7. Iceland Coastal Frontal Zone88
  • 3.8. Jan Mayen Frontal Zone89
  • 3.9. Mohn Ridge Frontal Zone and Northern Greenland Sea Frontal Zone91
  • 3.10. West Spitsbergen Frontal Zone96
  • Chapter 4. Frontal zones in the Barents and White Seas99
  • 4.1. General physical and geographical characteristics of the Barents Sea99
  • 4.2. General physical and geographical characteristics of the White Sea104
  • 4.3. Systematization of frontal zones107
  • 4.4. Bear Island Frontal Zone112
  • 4.5. Western Trough Frontal Zone118
  • 4.6. Central Rise Frontal Zone119
  • 4.7. Marginal Ice (Arctic) Frontal Zone122
  • 4.8. Central Trough Frontal Zone125
  • 4.9. Eastern Barents Sea Frontal Zones127
  • 4.10. Coastal Frontal Zones of the Barents Sea127
  • 4.11. North Cape Frontal Zone131
  • 4.12. The frontal zones of the White Sea132
  • Chapter 5. Frontal zones in the Bering Sea135
  • 5.1. General physical and geographical characteristics of the Bering Sea135
  • 5.2. Systematization of frontal zones143
  • 5.3. Introduction to three-dimensional general circulation modeling of the northern Bering Sea153
  • 5.4. The GHER direct model155
  • 5.5. Mathematical visualization of the northern Bering Sea's general circulation ecohydrodynamics in156
  • 5.6. The GHER inverse model184
  • 5.7. Reconstruction of the northern Bering Sea's general circulation ecohydrodynamics from observati185
  • 5.8. Natural variability of the northern Bering Sea's general circulation ecohydrodynamics186
  • Chapter 6. Structure of hydrophysical fields inside frontal zones191
  • 6.1. Multifrontal structure of frontal zones191
  • 6.2. General types of internal structures of frontal zones197
  • 6.3. Thermohaline structure of frontal zones211
  • 6.4. Vertical fine structure in the North Polar Frontal Zone216
  • Chapter 7. Mesoscale processes responsible for the internal structure of frontal zones227
  • 7.1. Mesoscale structures in frontal zones227
  • 7.2. Sources of formation of mesoscale structures in frontal zones232
  • 7.3. Cross-frontal "vortical" heat and salt exchange234
  • 7.4. On the nature of the internal structures of frontal zones236
  • 7.5. Investigation of the mesoscale structures in the Barents Sea244
  • 7.6. Lens-like eddies in the Arctic Ocean256
  • 7.7. Vortical dipoles266
  • 7.8. Mesoscale structures as a factor for secondary frontogenesis272
  • Conclusions275
  • References285
  • Key to abbreviations315
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780444516862
  • ISBN-13 9780080538891
  • Author Kostianoy, A.G.; Nihoul, J.C.J.; Rodionov, V.B.
  • Category Science
  • Subject Geophysics

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This title presents the systematization and description of accumulated knowledge on oceanic fronts of the Norwegian, Greenland, Barents and Bering Seas. The main fronts of the Norwegian, Greenland and Barents Seas are part of the climatic North Polar Frontal Zone (NPFZ). The work is based on numerous observational data, collected by the authors during special sea experiments directed at the investigation of physical processes and phenomena inside certain parts of the NPFZ and in the northern part of the Bering Sea, on archive data of the USSR Hydrometeocenter and other research institutions, as well as on a wide scientific literature published in Russian and Western editions.



The book contains general information on the oceanic fronts of the Subarctic Seas, brief history of their investigation, state of the knowledge, as well as detailed description of the thermohaline structure of all frontal zones in the Norwegian, Greenland, Barents and Bering Seas and of neighboring fronts of Arctic and coastal origin. Special attention is given to the study of the multifrontal character of the NPFZ and of peculiarities of its internal structure at different locations, to the description of diverse oceanic features observed in the NPFZ, as well as to some characteristics of the horizontal and vertical fine structure of hydrophysical fields in the NPFZ. The main features of the northern Bering Sea's summer ecohydrodynamics are investigated with the help of three-dimensional direct and inverse models.