Elsevier S & T

Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis

Groisman, Eduardo A.

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Table of contents
  • Copyright Pageiv
  • Contentsv
  • Contributorsxi
  • Prefacexv
  • Chapter 1. Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens1
  • I. Introduction2
  • II. The Genetic Basis of Virulence2
  • III. Identification of Sequences Involved in Bacterial Pathogenesis6
  • IV. Recovery of Genes Contributing to Virulence8
  • V. The Population Genetics of Pathogens9
  • VI. Studying Bacterial Population Genetics10
  • VII. The Organization of Genetic Diversity in Pathogenic Microorganisms13
  • VIII. Population Genetics of Representative Bacterial Pathogens14
  • IX. Conclusions28
  • References29
  • Chapter 2. Germ Warfare: The Mechanisms of Virulence Factor Delivery43
  • I. Introduction43
  • II. The General Secretory Pathway45
  • III. Autotransporters: Type V47
  • IV. Two-Step Secretion: Type II49
  • V. ABC Transporters: Type I52
  • VI. Conjugal Transfer Systems: Type IV55
  • VII. Contact-Dependent Secretion: Type III57
  • VIII. Concluding Remarks61
  • References61
  • Chapter 3. Regulation of Virulence Gene Expression in Bacterial Pathogens75
  • I. Introduction76
  • II. Transcription Initiation77
  • III. Regulatory Protein Families79
  • IV. Covalent Modification of Transcription Factors82
  • V. Regulatory Networks86
  • VI. The Oxidative Stress Response87
  • VII. The Modular Nature of Bacterial Regulatory Proteins89
  • VIII. The Overlap between Genome Structure and Gene Regulation92
  • IX. Other Classes of Protein Regulators94
  • X. DNA Structure and Gene Regulation94
  • XI. Stereotypical and Stochastic Events in the Control of Gene Expression97
  • XII. The Switch Controlling Type 1 Fimbrial Expression in E. coli101
  • XIII. Pap Pilus Gene Transcription103
  • XIV. Contact-Dependent Gene Regulation105
  • XV. The Virulence Gene Regulatory Cascade of S. flexneri106
  • XVI. A Thermometer Protein from the Salmonella Virulence Plasmid109
  • XVII. Cell-Density-Dependent Regulation110
  • XVIII. Adaptive Mutation114
  • XIX. Rare tRNAs and Translation Modulation114
  • XX. Protein Splicing115
  • XXI. Antisense RNA115
  • XXII. Perspective116
  • References117
  • Chapter 4. Strategies to Identify Bacterial Pathogenicity Factors133
  • I. Introduction134
  • II. Biochemical Strategies135
  • III. Genetic Screens149
  • IV. Genetic Selections159
  • V. Genomic Approaches165
  • VI. Concluding Remarks169
  • References170
  • Chapter 5. Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenesis in Plants: Familiar Foes in a Foreign Kingdom179
  • I. Introduction180
  • II. An Overview of Bacterial Plant Pathogens and Plant Diseases181
  • III. Tumorigenic Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Using the Type IV Secretion System to Transform the Host186
  • IV. Necrogenic, Stealth Pathogens: Parasites Strongly Dependent on the Hrp (Type III) Protein Secret189
  • V. Necrogenic, Brute-Force Pathogens: Soft-Rotters Dependent on Type II Secretion of Pectic Enzymes200
  • VI. Other Virulence Factors of Gram-Negative Plant Pathogens Compared with Those of Animal Pathogens201
  • VII. Host Innate Immune Systems: Common Components in Pathogen Recognition and Defense Signaling206
  • VIII. The R Gene Surveillance System: An Innate Immune System with Elaborate Recognition Specificity207
  • IX. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Dual-Kingdom Pathogenesis209
  • X. Conclusions210
  • References211
  • Chapter 6. Yersinia227
  • I. Introduction228
  • II. The Adhesive Factors231
  • III. Iron Acquisition236
  • IV. Pathogenicity Islands237
  • V. Yst Enterotoxin238
  • VI. The Yersinia Virulence Plasmid238
  • VII. Conclusion252
  • References253
  • Chapter 7. Molecular Pathogenesis of Salmonellae265
  • I. Introduction266
  • II. History266
  • III. Taxonomy267
  • IV. Epidemiology and Clinical Disease268
  • V. Clinical Course and Basic Immunology272
  • VI. In Vitro Models of Salmonella Virulence280
  • VII. Virulence Factors290
  • VIII. Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonellae312
  • IX. Salmonella-Based Vaccines314
  • References316
  • Chapter 8. Shigellosis: From Disease Symptoms to Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis335
  • I. Introduction336
  • II. Bacteriology337
  • III. The Somatic Antigen338
  • IV. Epidemiology and Transmission338
  • V. Disease Symptoms and Complications: Orientations for Future Research?340
  • VI. Histopathology of Shigellosis: A Window on Pathogenesis342
  • VII. Animal Models: Strengths and Weaknesses343
  • VIII. Cellular Models of Infection: The Contribution of Shigella to the Concept of Cellular Microbio344
  • IX. Pathogenic Mechanisms: In Vitro Expression of the Invasive Phenotype345
  • X. Pathogenic Mechanisms: In Vivo Expression of the Invasive Phenotype365
  • XI. Role of Chromosomally Encoded Genes in the Virulence of Shigella369
  • XII. Conclusions373
  • References374
  • Chapter 9. Pathogenic Escherichia coli387
  • I. Introduction388
  • II. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)390
  • III. Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)396
  • IV. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)398
  • V. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)408
  • VI. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)414
  • VII. Diffusely Adhering E. coli (DAEC)417
  • VIII. Uropathogenic E. coli418
  • IX. E. coli That Cause Sepsis and Meningitis426
  • X. Conclusions428
  • References428
  • Chapter 10. Molecular Basis of Vibrio cholerae Pathogenesis457
  • I. Introduction457
  • II. Vibrio cholerae458
  • III. Cholera463
  • IV. Molecular Mechanisms of Disease465
  • V. Natural and Induced Immunity against Vibrio cholerae Infection489
  • VI. Future Studies: The Past Is Prologue493
  • References495
  • Chapter 11. H. pylori Pathogenesis509
  • I. Introduction510
  • II. Epidemiology510
  • III. Gastric Histology and Physiology512
  • IV. Clinical Diseases Associated with H. pylori Infection516
  • V. Microbiology519
  • VI. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of H. pylori521
  • VII. Initial Gastric Colonization524
  • VIII. Gastric Inflammation529
  • IX. Interactions of H. pylori with the Gastric Epithelium531
  • X. Vacuolating Cytotoxin532
  • XI. Persistence of H. pylori Infection536
  • XII. Factors Influencing Development of Clinically Evident Disease539
  • References542
  • Chapter 12. Neisseria559
  • I. Introduction559
  • II. Natural Competence for Transformation566
  • III. Surface Structures567
  • IV. Tissue Colonization570
  • V. PorB586
  • VI. IgA 1 Protease590
  • VII. Iron Acquisition in Vivo592
  • VIII. Immune Response594
  • IX. Summary599
  • References600
  • Chapter 13. Bordetella619
  • I. Introduction620
  • II. Respiratory Infections by Bordetella Species621
  • III. Evolutionary Relationships among Bordetella Subspecies624
  • IV. Bordetella Virulence Factors628
  • V. The Bordetella–Host Interaction639
  • VI. The BvgAS Sensory Transduction System642
  • VII. Phenotypic Modulation646
  • VIII. Transcriptional Control of Bvg-Regulated Genes650
  • IX. The Role of Bvg-Mediated Signal Transduction in the Bordetella Life Cycle654
  • References658
  • Chapter 14. Pathogenesis of Haemophilus influenzae Infections675
  • I. Introduction676
  • II. Population Biology680
  • III. Molecular Determinants of Pathogenicity682
  • IV. Pathogenesis699
  • V. Conclusions705
  • References705
  • Chapter 15. Pathogenic Mechanisms in Streptococcal Diseases717
  • I. Introduction717
  • II. Three Basic Mechanisms of Pathogenesis: Example of S. pyogenes719
  • III. Steps Common to All Three Pathogenic Mechanisms721
  • IV. First Mechanism: Invasion and Multiplication in Tissue728
  • V. Second Mechanism: Toxin-Mediated Disease739
  • VI. Third Mechanism: Immunopathological-Based Diseases742
  • VII. Concluding Remarks743
  • References743
  • Chapter 16. Listeria monocytogenes751
  • I. General Overview of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeriosis752
  • II. Genetic Tools and Cell Biology Techniques to Study L. Monocytogenes Infection755
  • III. Molecular Mechanisms for Entry and Spread of L. Monocytogenes in Nonphagocytic Cells758
  • IV. Regulation of L. monocytogenes Virulence Gene Expression782
  • V. Conclusion787
  • References788
  • Index805
  • Color Plate SectionsPlate 1
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780123042200
  • ISBN-13 9780080539584
  • Author Groisman, Eduardo A.
  • Category Medical
  • Subject Microbiology

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Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis presents a molecular perspective on a select group of bacterial pathogens by having the leaders of the field present their perspective in a clear and authoritative manner. Each chapter contains a comprehensive review devoted to a single pathogen. Several chapters include work from authors outside the pathogenesis field, providing general perspectives on the evolution, regulation, and secretion of virulence and determinants.

Key Features
* Explains the basic principles of bacterial pathogenesis
* Covers diverse aspects integrating regulation, cellular microbiology and evolution of microbial disease of humans
* Discusses current strategies for the identification of virulence determinants and the methods used by microbes to deliver virulence factors
* Presents authoritative treatises of the major disease microorganisms