Radiation Biophysics
Regular price
59.250 KD
inc. VAT
Couldn't load pickup availability
Table of contents
- Contentsvii
- Preface to the Second Editionxxiii
- Preface to the First Editionxxv
- Introduction: An Historical Perspectivexxvii
- Chapter 1. Quantities, Units, and Definitions1
- Quantities and Units1
- Radiation Measurement4
- Radioactivity Measurements9
- References10
- Chapter 2. Electromagnetic Radiation: Its Nature and Properties11
- Introduction11
- Quantum Theory of Electromagnetic Radiation15
- Special Relativity17
- Relativistic Considerations of Mass and Velocity19
- Atomic Structure20
- De Broglie Wave Theory24
- References25
- Suggested Additional Reading25
- Problems26
- Chapter 3. Radioactivity27
- Introduction27
- Unit of Radioactivity27
- Law of Radioactive Decay28
- Radioactive Decay of Mixtures30
- Branching Decay Processes34
- Nomenclature of Radioactive Decay36
- Charting Decay Schemes37
- Nuclear Stability38
- Nuclear Mass and Binding Energy39
- Radioactive Decay by Alpha-Particle Emission41
- Negative Electron Emission Decay42
- Positive Electron Emission Decay43
- Decay by Electron Capture45
- Internal Conversion46
- References48
- Suggested Additional Reading48
- Problems48
- Chapter 4. Interaction of Radiation with Matter50
- Introduction50
- Linear Attenuation Coefficient51
- Energy Transfer and Energy Absorption56
- Mechanisms of Energy Transfer from Gamma Rays58
- Compton Scattering Process: Incoherent Scattering62
- Pair Production71
- Bremsstrahlung--Radiative Energy Loss74
- References76
- Suggested Additional Reading76
- Problems76
- Chapter 5. Energy Transfer Processes78
- Introduction78
- Importance of the Compton Process in Tissue Systems79
- Interaction of Charged Particles with Matter83
- Final Steps in Energy Absorption87
- Life History of a Fast Electron89
- Dose89
- Absorbed Dose and Kerma90
- Neutron Interactions in Tissue92
- Track Structure and Microdosimetry96
- References102
- Suggested Additional Reading102
- Problems102
- Chapter 6. Radiation Chemistry104
- Introduction104
- Stochastic Nature of Energy Transfer104
- Radiation Chemistry of Water107
- G Value: Expression of Yield in Radiation Chemistry109
- Reactions in the Track: The Role of Scavengers110
- Direct and Indirect Action113
- Recombination, Restitution, and Repair116
- Macromolecular Target in the Cell117
- Reactions of the Products of Water Radiolysis119
- Chain Scission in DNA122
- Role of DNA Configuration124
- Repair of DNA125
- Repair Fidelity128
- References129
- Suggested Additional Reading130
- Problems130
- Chapter 7. Theories and Models for Cell Survival132
- Introduction132
- Clonogenic Survival132
- Lea's Target Theory Model133
- Biological Survival Curves135
- Development of the Target Theory Model136
- Multitarget- Single-Hit Survival141
- Molecular Models for Cell Death144
- Molecular Theory of Radiation Action146
- Theory of Dual Radiation Action151
- Repair-Misrepair Model of Cell Survival155
- Lethal-Potentially Lethal Model160
- Summation165
- References166
- Suggested Additional Reading167
- Problems167
- Chapter 8. Survival Curve and Its Significance169
- Introduction169
- Technique of the Clonogenic Survival Curve170
- Characteristics of the Mammalian Cell Survival Curve172
- Significance of the Shoulder on the Survival Curve174
- Repair of Sublethal Damage177
- Repair of Potentially Lethal Damage182
- Cell Survival and Cell Age185
- Radiation Induced Cell Progression Delay189
- Mechanisms: Radiation Sensitivity, Progression Delay, and the Cell Cycle190
- References191
- Suggested Additional Reading192
- Problems192
- Chapter 9. Modification of the Radiation Response194
- Introduction194
- Role of Water195
- Temperature and Radiation Damage197
- Oxygen Effect200
- Thiols and Modification of Radiation Response210
- Nitroaromatic Radiation Sensitizers215
- Sensitization by 5-Halogen-Substituted Pyrimidines217
- References219
- Suggested Additional Reading220
- Problems220
- Chapter 10. Radiation Biology of Normal and Neoplastic Tissue Systems222
- Introduction222
- Cell Death in Mammalian Tissues223
- Nature of Cell Populations in Tissue224
- Cell Population Kinetics and Radiation Damage226
- Cell Kinetics in Normal Tissues and Tumors228
- Models for Cell Survival in Normal Tissues and Tumors229
- Models for Radiobiological Sensitivity of Neoplastic Tissues230
- Radiobiological Responses of Tumors236
- Hypoxia and Radiosensitivity in Tumor Cells238
- Assay Models for Normal Tissues in Vivo242
- Acute Lethal Response in Mammals255
- Radiation Effects on the Embryo and Fetus263
- References270
- Suggested Additional Reading272
- Problems272
- Chapter 11. Late Effects of Radiation on Normal Tissues: Nonstochastic Effects275
- Introduction275
- Stochastic versus Nonstochastic Effects277
- Radiation Induced Late Pathology in Organ Systems279
- Late Effects in Normal Tissue Systems and Organs283
- Fractionation and Protraction of Exposure in the Modification of Late Radiation Injury293
- References305
- Suggested Additional Reading307
- Problems307
- Chapter 12. Stochastic Effects„Radiation Carcinogenesis308
- Introduction308
- Stochastic versus Nonstochastic Effects309
- Bases for Our Knowledge of Radiation Carcinogenesis310
- Radiation Carcinogenesis in Experimental Animals311
- Transformed Cell in Vitro320
- Role of Viruses in Carcinogenesis328
- Radiation Carcinogenesis in Human Populations329
- Approaches to Risk Estimation332
- Organ-Specific Radiogenic Cancer in Human Beings338
- References340
- Suggested Additional Reading343
- Chapter 13. Stochastic Effects„Genetic Effects of Ionizing Radiation344
- Introduction344
- Structural Changes in Chromosomes345
- Gene Mutations353
- Genomic Instability356
- Gene Mutations in Higher Organisms357
- Summary363
- References363
- Suggested Additional Reading364
- Chapter 14. High Linear Energy Transfer Radiation Effects365
- Introduction365
- Stopping Power and Linear Energy Transfer366
- Bragg Peak of Ionization368
- Significance of Linear Energy Transfer to Biological Damage373
- Relative Biological Effectiveness375
- Dependence of RBE on LET377
- Cell Cycle Dependence of Radiosensitivity380
- Oxygen Effect and High Linear Energy Transfer381
- High Linear Energy Transfer, Dose Rate, and Fractionation383
- Late Effects of High Linear Energy Transfer Radiation384
- References391
- Suggested Additional Reading392
- Chapter 15. Metabolism and Biological Effects of Deposited Radionuclides393
- Introduction393
- Pathways of Entry of Radionuclides394
- Metabolism of Radionuclides400
- Determination of Dose with Internally Deposited Radionuclides401
- Relative Biological Effectiveness and Internally Deposited Radionuclides411
- Radionuclides of Biological Importance412
- References422
- Suggested Additional Reading423
- Problems423
- Chapter 16. Radiation Exposure from Natural Background and Other Sources424
- Introduction424
- Risk Estimates for the Tissue Weighting Factor429
- Exposure Sources430
- Exposure to Natural Background Radiation and Radioactivity431
- Dose from Inhaled Radionuclides436
- Exposure from Cosmic Rays and Cosmogenic Radionuclides440
- Summary of Exposure from Natural Sources442
- Exposure from Medical Applications444
- Population Exposure from Civilian Nuclear Power Operations449
- Radiation Exposure from Consumer Products455
- References458
- Suggested Additional Reading460
- Appendix: Useful Physical Constants and Conversion Factors461
- Author Index463
- Subject Index467
This newly revised and updated edition of Radiation Biophysics provides an in-depth description of the physics and chemistry of radiation and its effects on biological systems. Coverage begins with fundamental concepts of the physics of radiation and radioactivity, then progresses through the chemistry and biology of the interaction of radiation with living systems. The Second Edition of this highly praised text includes major revisions which reflect the rapid advances in the field. New material covers recent developments in the fields of carcinogenesis, DNA repair, molecular genetics, and the molecular biology of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. The book also includes extensive discussion of the practical impact of radiation on everyday life.
Key Features
* Covers the fundamentals of radiation physics in a manner that is understandable to students and professionals with a limited physics background
* Includes problem sets and exercises to aid both teachers and students
* Discusses radioactivity, internally deposited radionuclides, and dosimetry
* Analyzes the risks for occupational and non-occupational workers exposed to radiation sources
Key Features
* Covers the fundamentals of radiation physics in a manner that is understandable to students and professionals with a limited physics background
* Includes problem sets and exercises to aid both teachers and students
* Discusses radioactivity, internally deposited radionuclides, and dosimetry
* Analyzes the risks for occupational and non-occupational workers exposed to radiation sources