Stem Cells in Development and Disease
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Table of contents
- Copyright Pageiv
- Contentsv
- Contributorsix
- Prefacexi
- Chapter 1. Therapeutic Cloning and Tissue Engineering1
- I. Introduction1
- II. Principles of Tissue Engineering2
- III. Stem Cells5
- IV. Therapeutic Cloning6
- V. Applications of Tissue Engineering and Therapeutic Cloning9
- References12
- Chapter 2. α-Synuclein: Normal Function and Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases17
- I. Introduction to the Synuclein Protein Family18
- II. Synuclein in Synaptic Development and Maintenance20
- III. Synuclein Protein Interactions22
- IV. Synucleinopathies23
- V. Structural Properties of α-Synuclein Protein30
- VI. Implications of Oxidative and Nitrative Injury in Synucleinopathies33
- VII. Effects of Oxidation and Nitration on α-Synuclein Fibril Formation34
- VIII. Possible Role of Pesticides and Other Toxic Chemicals in PD36
- IX. Transgenic and Nontransgenic Animal Models of Synucleinopathies38
- X. Concluding Remarks39
- Acknowledgments40
- References40
- Chapter 3. Structure and Function of Eukaryotic DNA Methyltransferases55
- I. DNA Methylation: A Heritable Epigenetic Mark56
- II. Eukaryotic DNA Methyltransferases58
- III. Function of DNA Methylation72
- IV. Concluding Remarks79
- Acknowledgments80
- References80
- Chapter 4. Mechanical Signals as Regulators of Stem Cell Fate91
- I. Introduction92
- II. Mechanical Regulation of Limb Development94
- III. Theoretical Models of Mechanical Stress in Development95
- IV. In Vivo Experimentation97
- V. In Vitro Experimentation103
- VI. Conclusions121
- Acknowledgment121
- References121
- Chapter 5. Origins of Mammalian Hematopoiesis: In Vivo Paradigms and In Vitro Models127
- I. Introduction: The Hematopoietic System128
- II. Hematopoiesis: De Muribus et Maribus130
- III. Points of Divergence Between Murine and Human Blood Formation159
- IV. Hematopoiesis from Embryonic Stem Cells161
- V. What Remains To Be Learned?171
- VI. Summary174
- Acknowledgments174
- References175
- Chapter 6. Regulation of Gene Activity and Repression: A Consideration of Unifying Themes197
- I. Introduction197
- II. Regulation of Imprinted Gene Activity and Repression200
- III. A Consideration of Recurrent Themes207
- References210
- Chapter 7. Molecular Basis for the Chloride Channel Activity of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conduc215
- I. Introduction216
- II. Role of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Channel Function in Tissue Ph218
- III. Cell Biology of CFTR and the Major CF Mutant (delta F508)220
- IV. Quaternary Structure of CFTR222
- V. The Permeation Pore of CFTR224
- VI. Molecular Basis for Regulation by Phosphorylation228
- VII. Molecular Basis for Regulation by Nucleotides230
- VIII. Future Directions239
- Acknowledgments241
- References241
- Index251
- Contents of Previous Volumes261
This volume of Current Topics in Developmental Biology showcases the research and therapeutic value of stem cells, and is proof of the increasing maturation of the fields of regenerative and molecular medicine.
Reviews include:
* Therapeutic cloning and tissue engineering to produce functional replacement tissues.
* The role of the protein a-synuclein in a host of neurodegenerative diseases, which may be the first to benefit from stem cell therapy.
* The curious array of functions in eukaryotic DNA methyltransferase, crucial for normal development and at the core of epigenetics regulation.
* Influencing stem cell differentiation with mechanical stress, another example of genes versus the environment.
* The process of mammalian hematopoeisis, and inducing it in model organisms with embryonic stem cells.
* The regulation of differential parental germline genetic imprinting, central for epigenetics.
* The molecular function and regulation of the cystic fibrosis gene, critical for understanding the complete molecular mechanism of this devastating disorder, which might soon be treatable with stem cells.
This volume comprehensively describes some of the most current issues in stem cell biology, and is an exciting preview of therapies that may soon be applied in the clinic. It is essential reading for researchers, clinicians, and trainees alike.
* Therapeutic Cloning and Tissue Engineering
* Structure and function of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases
* Mechanical Signals as Regulators of Stem Cell Fate
* Molecular basis for the Chloride Channel Activity of CFTR and the Consequences of Disease Causing Mutations
Reviews include:
* Therapeutic cloning and tissue engineering to produce functional replacement tissues.
* The role of the protein a-synuclein in a host of neurodegenerative diseases, which may be the first to benefit from stem cell therapy.
* The curious array of functions in eukaryotic DNA methyltransferase, crucial for normal development and at the core of epigenetics regulation.
* Influencing stem cell differentiation with mechanical stress, another example of genes versus the environment.
* The process of mammalian hematopoeisis, and inducing it in model organisms with embryonic stem cells.
* The regulation of differential parental germline genetic imprinting, central for epigenetics.
* The molecular function and regulation of the cystic fibrosis gene, critical for understanding the complete molecular mechanism of this devastating disorder, which might soon be treatable with stem cells.
This volume comprehensively describes some of the most current issues in stem cell biology, and is an exciting preview of therapies that may soon be applied in the clinic. It is essential reading for researchers, clinicians, and trainees alike.
* Therapeutic Cloning and Tissue Engineering
* Structure and function of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases
* Mechanical Signals as Regulators of Stem Cell Fate
* Molecular basis for the Chloride Channel Activity of CFTR and the Consequences of Disease Causing Mutations