Elsevier S & T

Streams and Ground Waters

Jones, Jeremy B.; Mulholland, Patrick J.

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Table of contents
  • Contentsv
  • Contributorsxiii
  • Prefacexvii
  • SECTION ONE: THE PHYSICAL TEMPLATE: HYDROLOGY, HYDRAULICS, AND PHYSICAL STRUCTURE1
  • Chapter 1. Quantifying Hydrologic Interactions between Streams and Their Subsurface Hyporheic Zones3
  • I. Introduction4
  • II. Challenge of Investigating Small-Scale Subsurface Processes That May Have Basin-Scale Consequenc6
  • III. Empirical Approaches to Quantifying Hydrologic Exchange between Streams and Shallow Ground Wate7
  • IV. Using the Stream-Tracer Approach to Characterize the Hyporheic Zone17
  • V. Paradigm Lost? Limitations of the Stream-Tracer Approach as a Means to Quantify Hyporheic Process21
  • VI. Charting New Directions in Hyporheic-Zone Research38
  • VII. Conclusion39
  • References41
  • Chapter 2. Modeling Surface–Subsurface Hydrologic Interactions45
  • I. Introduction46
  • II. Viewing the Interaction from the Stream47
  • III. Viewing the Interaction from the Stream–Bed Interface51
  • IV. Viewing the Interaction from the Subsurface72
  • V. Challenges77
  • References77
  • SECTION TWO: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY SUBSYSTEM INTERACTIONS WITH STREAM SURFACE WATER81
  • Chapter 3. Stream Chemistry and Riparian Zones83
  • I. Introduction83
  • II. Riparian Zone Hydrological–Chemical Interactions: An Overview84
  • III. Riparian Influences on Stream Chemistry87
  • IV. Riparian Zone Influences on Stream Chemistry in Relation to Watershed Hydrogeology: A Conceptual100
  • V. Future Research Directions106
  • References107
  • Chapter 4. Flood Frequency and Stream–Riparian Linkages in Arid Lands111
  • I. Introduction111
  • II. Riparian Zones in Arid Catchments112
  • III. Hydrological Linkages in Mesic and Arid Catchments113
  • IV. Conceptual Model115
  • V. Case Study: Sycamore Creek117
  • VI. Synthesis123
  • VII. Conclusions: Intermediate Disturbance and Nutrient Retention131
  • References133
  • Chapter 5. The Importance of Ground Water to Stream Ecosystem Function137
  • I. Introduction137
  • II. Influence of Ground Water on Stream Functioning139
  • III. Summary144
  • References145
  • Chapter 6. Surface–Subsurface Exchange and Nutrient Spiraling149
  • I. Introduction149
  • II. Empirical Studies151
  • III. A Stream Nutrient Spiraling Model with Subsurface Transient Storage154
  • IV. Results of Model Experiments158
  • V. Relevance of Model Experiments161
  • VI. Future Research Needs163
  • Reference164
  • Chapter 7. Emergent Biological Patterns and Surface–Subsurface Interactions at Landscape Scales167
  • I. Introduction167
  • II. The Balance of Physical and Chemical Factors on the Geologic Template and Emergent Biological Pa169
  • III. Hydrothermal Systems as Models171
  • IV. Human Implants on Surface-Subsurface Interactions175
  • V. Synthesis and Recommendations for Future Studies185
  • References189
  • SECTION TWO: BIOGEOCHEMISTRY NUTRIENTS AND METABOLISM195
  • Chapter 8. Nitrogen Biogeochemistry and Surface-Subsurface Exchange in Streams197
  • I. Introduction197
  • II. Nitrogen Forms and Transformation Pathways in Fluvial Environments199
  • III. Nitrogen Sources in Fluvial Environments200
  • IV. Hydrologic Residence in Pristine Streams201
  • V. The Redox Environment203
  • VI. Ammonium Sorption to Hyporheic Sediments204
  • VII. Linking Nitrogen Transformation to Hydrologic Exchange in Hyporheic Zone Research205
  • VIII. What These Models Tell Us214
  • IX. Future Directions for Research216
  • References217
  • Chapter 9. Stream and Groundwater Influences on Phosphorus Biogeochemistry221
  • I. Introduction221
  • II. Sources and Forms of Phosphorus222
  • III. Abiotic Phosphorus Retention by Bed Sediments223
  • IV. Biotic Phosphorus Retention and Release within Bed Sediments224
  • V. Fluvial Dynamics and Physical Retention Mechanisms225
  • VI. Phosphorus and Surface–Subsurface Exchange: A Conceptual Model226
  • VII. Summary and Research Needs232
  • Reference233
  • Chapter 10. Surface and Subsurface Dissolved Organic Carbon237
  • I. Introduction237
  • II. DOC Concentrations238
  • III. Processes within the Hyporheic Zone242
  • References253
  • Chapter 11. Anoxia, Anaerobic Metabolism, and Biogeochemistry of the Stream-water–Groundwater Inte259
  • I. Introduction260
  • II. Methods Used in Studies of Anaerobic Metabolism264
  • III. Controls on the Establishment of Anoxia266
  • IV. Biogeochemistry and Evidence for Anaerobic Metabolism269
  • V. Influence of Subsurface Anaerobic Metabolism on Stream Ecosystem Processes276
  • VI. Conclusions and Future Research Directions278
  • Reference280
  • SECTION THREE: ORGANISMAL ECOLOGY285
  • Chapter 12. Microbial Communities in Hyporheic Sediments287
  • I. Introduction287
  • II. Physical and Chemical Environment288
  • III. The Organisms290
  • IV. Respiration293
  • V. Carbon Supply295
  • VI. Alternate Controls on Hyporheic Bacteria300
  • VII. Community Composition301
  • VIII. Conclusions and Research Needs302
  • References304
  • Chapter 13. The Ecology of Hyporheic Meiofauna307
  • I. Introduction307
  • II. Meiofaunal Taxa and Their Relative Abundance in the Hyporheic Zone309
  • III. Spatial Distribution and Abundance316
  • IV. Meiofauna and the Physical Environment319
  • V. Tolerance to Anoxia, Body Size, and Biomass321
  • VI. Trophic Roles, Dispersal Dynamics, and Response to Spatial–Temporal Heterogeneity322
  • VII. Meiofaunal–Microbial Interactions324
  • VIII. Meiofauna and Ecosystem Ecology325
  • IX. Conclusions and Future Research Needs328
  • References329
  • Chapter 14. The Subsurface Macrofauna337
  • I. Introduction337
  • II. Functional Classification of Subsurface Macrofauna338
  • III. Factors Influencing the Distribution of Subsurface Macrofauna345
  • IV. The Functional Role of Subsurface Macrofauna349
  • V. Potential Role as Biomonitors of Deteriorating Groundwater Quality354
  • VI. Conclusions355
  • Reference356
  • Chapter 15. Lotic Macrophytes and Surface–Subsurface Exchange Processes363
  • I. Introduction363
  • II. Macrophytes and Aquatic Habitats366
  • III. Macrophytes as Indicators of Surface and Subsurface Conditions367
  • IV. Macrophytes and Surface- and Subsurface Water Flow Patterns369
  • V. Nutrient Uptake from Sediments371
  • VI. Processes at the Rhizosphere373
  • VII. Summary and Avenues for Further Study375
  • Reference376
  • Chapter 16. Subsurface Influences on Surface Biology381
  • I. Introduction381
  • II. Effects on Primary Producers382
  • III. Effects on Microorganisms and Microbial Processes386
  • IV. Effects on Invertebrates388
  • V. Effects on Fish390
  • VI. Heterogeneity and Scale391
  • VII. Human Impacts394
  • VIII. Summary396
  • Reference397
  • SECTION FOUR: SUMMARYAND SYNTHESIS403
  • Chapter 17. Surface–Subsurface Interactions: Past, Present, and Future405
  • I. Introduction405
  • II. Growth and Development Trajectories406
  • III. Flowpaths and Interfaces408
  • IV. The Spatial Context409
  • V. Synthetic Models and Future Directions412
  • References414
  • Index419
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780123898456
  • ISBN-13 9780080517995
  • Author Jones, Jeremy B.; Mulholland, Patrick J.
  • Category Science
  • Subject Environmental Science

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Streams around the world flow toward the sea in floodplains. All along this transit, there is exchange of water between the stream itself and the surrounding sediments which form the floodplain. Many chemical, biological, and geological processes occur when water moves back and forth between streams and these flood plain sediments. Streams and Groundwaters focuses on the consequences of water flow between streams, their underlying sediments, and surrounding landscapes. Certain to appeal to anyone interested in stream ecology, the management of stream ecosystems, or landscape ecology, this volume should become a oft-opened reference.