Stress and Addiction
Regular price
42.750 KD
inc. VAT
Couldn't load pickup availability
Table of contents
- Copyright Pageiv
- Contentsv
- Contributorsxi
- Forewordxv
- Prefacexvii
- Acknowledgmentsxix
- SECTION I: NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS AND ADDICTION1
- Chapter 1. Biological Bases of the Stress Response3
- I. Introduction3
- II. Physiological Stress Research4
- III. Major Components of the Biological Stress Response System7
- IV. Other Stress-Responsive Hormone Axes10
- V. Other Stress-Responsive Systems12
- VI. Final Remarks15
- References15
- Chapter 2. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Addiction21
- I. Introduction21
- II. Stress and the HPA Axis22
- III. Stress, the HPA Axis, and the Acquisition of Drug Taking23
- IV. Stress and Vulnerability to Addiction in Humans25
- V. The HPA Axis and the Maintenance of Drug Taking26
- VI. Relapse to Addiction28
- VII. Inconsistencies30
- VIII. Conclusions and Implications for the Treatment of Addiction33
- References35
- Chapter 3. Dopaminergic Reward Pathways and Effects of Stress41
- I. Defining Stress41
- II. The Mesencephalic Dopamine System42
- III. Dopamine and Addiction48
- IV. Dopamine and Stress52
- V. Conclusions63
- References67
- Chapter 4. Endogenous Opiates, Addiction, and the Stress Response85
- I. Introduction85
- II. The Endogenous Opioid System86
- III. The Endogenous Opioid System and Reward and Reinforcement86
- IV. Effect of Alcohol on Endogenous Opioid Activity87
- V. Effect of Alcohol on Endogenous Opioid Receptors88
- VI. Endogenous Opioid Activity and Receptors and Alcohol Preference88
- VII. Opioid Antagonists in the Treatment of Alcohol Addiction90
- VIII. Endogenous Opioid Activity and Receptors and Cocaine Preference91
- IX. Opioid Antagonists in the Treatment of Cocaine Addiction91
- X. Opioids and Risk for Alcoholism92
- XI. The μ-Opioid Receptor Gene95
- XII. Conclusions97
- References97
- Chapter 5. Early Life Stress and Vulnerability to Addiction105
- I. Introduction105
- II. Neurohormonal Mechanisms of Stress Relevant to Cocaine Addiction106
- III. Animal Models108
- IV. Neurohormonal Effects of Neonatal Isolation110
- V. Behavioral Effects of Neonatal Isolation112
- VI. Sex Differences and Estrous Stage Effects of Neonatal Isolation118
- VII. Maternal Care Hypothesis118
- VIII. Conclusions and Translation for Clinical Relevance119
- References120
- Chapter 6. Genetics, Stress, and the Risk for Addiction127
- I. Introduction127
- II. The Extent of the Problem: Prevalence of Addiction128
- III. Heritability of Addiction128
- IV. HPA Axis130
- V. The RewardŽ Pathway of Addiction: Interaction with Stress132
- VI. Reward Pathway and Stress Response: Key Neurotransporter Systems133
- VII. Limbic Regulation of Response to Stress137
- VIII. The Locus Coeruleus (LC)-Norepinephrine (NE) System138
- IX. Conclusions139
- References139
- Chapter 7. Neurobiology of Stress and Risk for Relapse147
- I. Overview147
- II. Animal Models for Studying the Effects of Stress on Relapse to Drug Seeking: The Reinstatement P148
- III. The Neurobiology of Stress-Induced Reinstatement of Drug Seeking152
- IV. Long-Lasting Changes in the Responsivity of the Central Nervous System to CRF: Behavioral and Ne158
- V. Conclusions161
- References162
- SECTION II: PSYCHOSOCIAL PROCESSES RELATED TO STRESS AND ADDICTION169
- Chapter 8. Negative Affect and Addiction171
- I. Introduction172
- II. Precisely What Is Negative Affect?174
- III. Historical Perspectives on the Role of Withdrawal, Negative Affect, and Substance Abuse176
- IV. Drug Expectancy Effects and NA178
- V. Initiation Stage: Drug Use and NA179
- VI. Maintenance Stage: Drug Use and NA180
- VII. Relapse Stage: Drug Use and NA182
- VIII. Conclusions and Future Directions182
- References184
- Chapter 9. Stress and Impulsive Behaviors191
- I. Introduction191
- II. Impulse Control and Substance Use Disorders192
- III. Reward-Seeking Behavior: Pathological Gambling (PG)192
- IV. Habit Behavior: Trichotillomania (TTM)198
- V. Lack of Premeditation: Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)201
- VI. Conclusions205
- References206
- Chapter 10. Psychosocial Determinants of the Stress Response211
- I. Introduction211
- II. Sociodemographic Factors and Stress Responses213
- III. Life Stress Exposure215
- IV. Protective Psychosocial Factors220
- V. Conclusions222
- References222
- Chapter 11. Individual Differences in Response to Stress and Risk for Addiction227
- I. Introduction227
- II. Stress and the Brain’s Motivational Systems228
- III. Hedonic Homeostasis in Addiction Risk230
- IV. Affective Regulation and Vulnerability to Addiction231
- V. Addictions and Abnormalities of HPAC Regulation of Cortisol Secretion232
- VI. Risk for Addiction, Central Opioid Function, and Regional Brain Function235
- VII. The VAL158MET Polymorphism and Opioid Function238
- VIII. Addiction, Response to Stress, and Hedonic Dysregulation241
- IX. Life Events, Behavioral Dispositions, and Addiction Risk243
- X. Conclusions244
- References244
- Chapter 12. Addiction and Stress in Adolescents249
- I. Introduction249
- II. Adolescent Development250
- III. Life Stress in Adolescence252
- IV. Adolescent Stress and Addictive Behaviors254
- V. Implications for Adolescent Addiction Interventions257
- VI. Summary258
- References259
- SECTION III: CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: ASSESSMENT AND INTERVENTION263
- Chapter 13. Assessment of Stress in Research and Clinical Settings265
- I. Introduction265
- II. The Assessment of Stressful Life Events266
- III. The Assessment of Self-Reported Stress269
- IV. Biological and Physiological Assessment273
- V. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical (HPA) Measures273
- VI. The Sympatho-Adreno-Medullary (SAM) System275
- VII. The Immune Response277
- VIII. Conclusions278
- References280
- Chapter 14. Assessment of Addictions in Clinical and Research Settings285
- I. Introduction285
- II. Addiction Screens287
- III. Diagnostic Measures290
- IV. Symptom Severity Measures291
- V. Behavioral Measures292
- VI. Treatment Planning293
- VII. Conclusions297
- References298
- Chapter 15. Stress, Anxiety, and Addiction: Intervention Strategies301
- I. Introduction301
- II. Stress-Related Substance Use Disorders (SUDs)303
- III. Anxiety Disorders and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs)304
- IV. Moderators of the Anxiety and SUD Association304
- V. Treatment of Comorbid Disorders305
- VI. Anxiety and SUD Treatment Program Concepts306
- VII. Anxiety and SUD Treatment Outcomes307
- VIII. Treatment Studies Reviewed307
- IX. Conclusions311
- References312
- Chapter 16. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders315
- I. Epidemiology and Course315
- II. Genetics of PTSD and Addiction319
- III. Neurobiology of Stress and Substance Abuse Disorders321
- IV. Treatment Implications322
- V. Summary and Future Directions326
- References326
- Chapter 17. Novel Pharmacologic Treatment of Stress and Addiction: The Role of CRF and Glucocorticoi333
- I. General Mechanisms of Addiction333
- II. Behavioral Paradigms334
- III. General Mechanisms of Stress Response336
- IV. Corticotropin-Releasing Factor336
- V. Glucocorticoids337
- VI. CRF Receptors337
- VII. CRF Pharmacology337
- VIII. CRF in Addiction and Stress338
- IX. Corticosteroids and Addiction341
- X. Stress and Addiction: Mechanistic Overview341
- XI. Clinical Trials with CRF Compounds342
- XII. Conclusions342
- Disclosure343
- References343
- Chapter 18. Current and Future Directions of Research on Stress and Addictive Behaviors349
- I. Introduction349
- II. Working Model350
- III. Stress and Vulnerability to Addiction351
- IV. Stress and Ongoing Addiction and Relapse354
- V. Factors Affecting Stress and Addiction Interactions357
- VI. Stress, Poor Behavioral Regulation, and Addiction360
- VII. Coping Resources361
- VIII. Discussions and Future Directions361
- IX. Conclusions364
- References364
- Subject Index373
- Author Index381
Stress is one of the most commonly reported precipitants of drug use and is considered the number one cause of relapse to drug abuse. For the past several decades, there have been a number of significant advances in research focusing on the neurobiological and psychosocial aspects of stress and addiction; along with this growth came the recognition of the importance of understanding the interaction of biological and psychosocial factors that influence risk for initiation and maintenance of addictive behaviors. Recent research has started to specifically focus on understanding the nature of how stress contributes to addiction - this research has influenced the way we think about addiction and its etiological factors and has produced exciting possibilities for developing effective intervention strategies; to date there has been no available book to integrate this literature. This highly focused work integrates and consolidates available knowledge to provide a resource for researchers and practitioners and for trainees in multiple fields. It will help neuroscientists, social scientists, and mental health providers in addressing the role of stress in addictive behaviors; the volume is also useful as a reference book for those conducting research in this field.
* Integrates theoretical and practical issues related to stress and addiction
* Includes case studies illustrating where an emotional state and addictive behavior represent a prominent feature of the clinical presentation
* Cross-disciplinary coverage with contributions by by scientists and practitioners from multiple fields, including psychology, neuroscience, neurobiology, and medicine
* Integrates theoretical and practical issues related to stress and addiction
* Includes case studies illustrating where an emotional state and addictive behavior represent a prominent feature of the clinical presentation
* Cross-disciplinary coverage with contributions by by scientists and practitioners from multiple fields, including psychology, neuroscience, neurobiology, and medicine