Elsevier S & T

Stress in Yeasts and Filamentous Fungi

Avery, Simon; Stratford, Malcolm; van West, Pieter

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Table of contents
  • Contentsv
  • List of contributorsvii
  • Prefacexi
  • Chapter 1. Interactions Between Agaricus bisporus and the Pathogen Verticillium fungicola1
  • 1. Introduction2
  • 2. Pathogen Variability4
  • 3. Extra-Cellular Enzyme Production5
  • 4. Screening for Resistance8
  • 5. Fungal Transformation9
  • 6. Molecular Interactions of Verticillium and Agaricus10
  • 7. Functional Characterisation of Host-Pathogen Response Genes12
  • 8. Future Work14
  • Acknowledgements15
  • References15
  • Chapter 2. Environmental Fluxes and Fungal Interactions: Maintaining a Competitive Edge19
  • 1. Introduction19
  • 2. Environmental Factors and Competitiveness Based on Mycelial Interactions21
  • 3. Niche Overlap, Environmental Factors and Competitiveness24
  • 4. Role of Secondary Metabolites in Maintaining a Competitive Edge25
  • 5. Conclusions33
  • References33
  • Chapter 3. Intracellular Mycoparasites in Action: Interactions Between Powdery Mildew Fungi and Ampe37
  • 1. Introduction38
  • 2. Details of the Mycoparasitic Interaction40
  • 3. Mycoparasitism as a Biotic Stress for the Parasitized Fungi45
  • 4. Other Fungal Antagonists of Powdery Mildew Fungi47
  • 5. Conclusions48
  • Acknowledgement49
  • References49
  • Chapter 4. The Population Dynamical Consequences of Density Dependence in Fungal Plant Pathogens53
  • 1. Biotic Stress54
  • 2. Competition54
  • 3. Synergism58
  • 4. Multi-Trophic Interactions59
  • 5. Population Stress62
  • References63
  • Chapter 5. Differences in Stress Responses Between Model and Pathogenic Fungi67
  • 1. Introduction68
  • 2. Stress Responses and Virulence68
  • 3. Stress Responses in the Host69
  • 4. Stress Responses In Vitro70
  • 5. Regulation of Stress-Induced Gene Expression74
  • 6. Stress Responses in C. Glabrata80
  • 7. Conclusions: Specialised Stress Responses in Candida81
  • Acknowledgements82
  • References82
  • Chapter 6. The Remarkably Diverse Pathogenicity Effectors of the Obligate Oomycete Hyaloperonospora87
  • 1. Plants have Several Layers of Resistance Mechanisms88
  • 2. Oomycete and Malarial Pathogencity Effectors Reveal a Conserved Motif93
  • 3. Oomycete Genomics will Revolutionise Analysis of Plant Immune Systems94
  • Acknowledgements94
  • References94
  • Chapter 7. Ace2 and Fungal Virulence97
  • 1. Introduction to Ace297
  • 2. Mitotic Exit and Regulation of Ace298
  • 3. Ram: Regulation of ACE2 and Cellular Morphogenesis99
  • 4. Ace2 and Fungal Virulence101
  • 5. Concluding Remarks103
  • Acknowledgements103
  • References103
  • Chapter 8. Integrative Analysis of Yeast Osmoregulation109
  • 1. Osmoregulation: Maintaining the Water Balance110
  • 2. Time Line: Response to Osmotic Shock110
  • 3. The HOG Signalling System111
  • 4. Cytosolic Responses113
  • 5. Fps1114
  • 6. Transcriptional Responses117
  • 7. Feedback Control119
  • 8. Perspectives123
  • Acknowledgements124
  • References124
  • Chapter 9. Oxidative Stress, Fragmentation and Cell Death During Bioreactor Growth of Filamentous Fu129
  • 1. Introduction130
  • 2. Fragmentation of Fungal Hyphae in Submerged Culture131
  • 3. Oxidative Stress in Fungal Fermentations131
  • 4. Cell Death During Fed-Batch Cultivation of A. Niger and T. Reesei132
  • 5. Differences in the Patterns of Cell Death and Fragmentation Between A. Niger and T. Reesei During132
  • 6. Conclusions138
  • Acknowledgements139
  • References139
  • Chapter 10. Weak Organic Acid Resistance of Spoilage Yeasts143
  • 1. Introduction144
  • 2. How Weak Organic Carboxylic Acids Act on S. Cerevisiae145
  • 3. The Different Routes to Weak Acid Adaptation by S. Cerevisiae147
  • 4. Hog1p-Dependent Degradation of Fps1p is the Key Determinant of Acetate Resistance148
  • 5. Overcoming the Constant Weak Acid stress Imposed on S. Cerevisiae by the Presence of Moderately L150
  • Acknowledgements153
  • References153
  • Chapter 11. Heavy Metal Pollution and Genetic Adaptations in Ectomycorrhizal Fungi157
  • 1. Metal Toxicity Triggers Evolutionary Processes in Plants and their Associated Microorganisms157
  • 2. Mycorrhizal Fungi in Metal-Polluted Soils160
  • 3. Metal-Tolerant Mycorrhizal Fungi163
  • 4. Mechanisms of Metal Tolerance165
  • 5. Does Adaptive Metal Tolerance in the Mycorrhizal Fungus Increase Host Plant Fitness?168
  • 6. Conclusions170
  • References170
  • Chapter 12. Lichens and Metals175
  • 1. Introduction176
  • 2. Metal Influences on the Composition of Lichen Communities Growing on Rocks and Soils179
  • 3. Metal Influences on the Composition of Lichen Communities Growing on Trees182
  • 4. Metal Uptake and Extracellular Localisation185
  • 5. Effects of Trace Metals at the Cellular Level188
  • 6. Conclusions190
  • Acknowledgements191
  • References191
  • Chapter 13. Responses of Mycorrhizal Fungi to Stress201
  • 1. Introduction202
  • 2. Problems with Filamentous Fungi203
  • 3. Nutritional Stress204
  • 4. Fertilization and N-Deposition204
  • 5. Effects of Liming and Wood-Ash Additions206
  • 6. Toxic Metals and Oxidative Stress209
  • 7. Water Stress210
  • 8. Fragmentation and Disruption of Carbon Supply211
  • 9. Grazing211
  • 10. Microbial Interactions212
  • 11. Competition for Host Roots„Evolution and Specificity214
  • Concluding Remarks215
  • References215
  • Chapter 14. Regulation of Protein Synthesis in Yeast by Oxidative Stress221
  • 1. Introduction222
  • 2. Translation Initiation is a Key Regulated Step in Gene Expression222
  • 3. Regulation of Translation Initiation in Yeast223
  • 4. Regulation of Translation Elongation226
  • 5. mRNA-Specific Translational Control227
  • 6. Adaptation to Oxidant Stress229
  • 7. Future Perspectives231
  • Acknowledgement231
  • References231
  • Chapter 15. Cell Differentiation as a Response to Oxidative Stress235
  • 1. Dioxygen has Shaped Life on Earth236
  • 2. Ros and Cell Differentiation in Eukaryotic Microorganisms237
  • 3. Ros and Cell Differentiation in Neurospora240
  • 4. The Development of N. Crassa in Null Mutant Strains Affected in Genes Encoding Antioxidant and Pr251
  • References255
  • Chapter 16. Signalling and Defences Against Oxidative Stress in Candida albicans259
  • 1. Introduction260
  • 2. Map Kinase Signal Transduction Pathways261
  • 3. Transcription Factors267
  • 4. Defences Against Oxidative Stress268
  • 5. Concluding Remarks270
  • Acknowledgements270
  • References270
  • Chapter 17. Oxidant-Specific Protein Folding During Fungal Oxidative Stress: Activation and Function275
  • 1. Introduction276
  • 2. Discussion285
  • Acknowledgments287
  • References288
  • Colour SectionColour Plate 1
  • Subject Index307
Book details
  • Vendor Elsevier S & T
  • SKU 9780123741844
  • ISBN-13 9780080551272
  • Author Avery, Simon; Stratford, Malcolm; van West, Pieter
  • Category Science
  • Subject Microbiology

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Yeasts and filamentous fungi need to cope with stress, whether growing in the laboratory or in the natural environment, whether victims or offenders in interactions with other organisms. These considerations are discussed in this volume that coveres stress in the broad sense, within the context of mycology.

* Includes discussions of the stresses associated with organism-organism interactions and stress under controlled conditions
* Anthropogenic stress towards fungi in the environment and the impacts that such stressors may have on different organisms and communities in the wild are explained
* Encompasses a breadth of information from the bigger picture of stress effects on fungi in their natural habitats, to the recent advances in underlying molecular-level understanding