The Laboratory Computer: A Practical Guide for Physiologists and Neuroscientists
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Table of contents
- Title Pageiii
- Copyright Pageiv
- Contentsix
- Series Prefacev
- Prefacevii
- Chapter One. Introduction1
- 1.1 The rise of the laboratory computer2
- 1.2 The data acquisition system4
- 1.3 Analysing digitised signals7
- 1.4 Analysis of electrophysiological signals8
- 1.5 Image analysis10
- 1.6 Software development10
- 1.7 Summary11
- Chapter Two. The Personal Computer12
- 2.1 Computer families12
- 2.2 Main components of a computer system14
- 2.3 The central processing unit17
- 2.4 Random access memory19
- 2.5 Cache memory20
- 2.6 Motherboards21
- 2.7 Magnetic disc storage22
- 2.8 Removable disc storage25
- 2.9 Interface buses and expansion slots27
- 2.10 Input devices29
- 2.11 Video displays30
- 2.12 Peripheral device interfaces33
- 2.13 Printers and other output devices35
- 2.14 Operating systems37
- 2.15 Computer networks43
- 2.16 Further reading44
- Chapter Three. Digital Data Acquisition45
- 3.1 Digitising analogue signals46
- 3.2 The Nyquist criterion47
- 3.3 The A/D converter48
- 3.4 The laboratory interface unit52
- 3.5 Laboratory interface–host computer connections54
- 3.6 Laboratory interfaces and suppliers59
- 3.7 Recording modes67
- 3.8 Data acquisition software70
- 3.9 Choosing a data acquisition system72
- 3.10 Further reading73
- Chapter Four. Signal Conditioning74
- 4.1 Amplifiers75
- 4.2 Analogue filtering83
- 4.3 Event detectors88
- 4.4 Signal conditioners89
- 4.5 Interference and its elimination92
- 4.6 Stimulators97
- 4.7 Further reading99
- Chapter Five. Transducers and Sensors101
- 5.1 Basic transducer properties102
- 5.2 Temperature transducers104
- 5.3 Light detectors107
- 5.4 Force transducers115
- 5.5 Pressure transducers121
- 5.6 Chemical Sensors125
- 5.7 Further reading135
- Chapter Six. Signal Analysis and Measurement136
- 6.1 Signal measurement136
- 6.2 Basic waveform characteristics140
- 6.3 Signal averaging143
- 6.4 Digital filters145
- 6.5 Frequency domain analysis147
- 6.6 Curve fitting155
- 6.7 Analysis of random distributions168
- 6.8 Further reading171
- Chapter Seven. Recording and Analysis of Intracellular Electrophysiological Signals172
- 7.1 Origin of bioelectrical signals173
- 7.2 Cell equivalent circuits174
- 7.3 Intracellular recording techniques175
- 7.4 The intracellular data acquisition system179
- 7.5 Experimental paradigms184
- 7.6 Analysis of voltage-activated currents186
- 7.7 Analysis of synaptic signals194
- 7.8 Single-channel currents203
- 7.9 Noise analysis214
- 7.10 Cell capacitance221
- 7.11 Further reading225
- Chapter Eight. Recording and Analysis of Extracellular Electrophysiological Signals226
- 8.1 Extracellular potentials226
- 8.2 Recording electrodes228
- 8.3 Electromyography229
- 8.4 Electrocardiography231
- 8.5 Electroencephalography238
- 8.6 Recording activity of single neurons241
- 8.7 Analysis of neural spike trains249
- 8.8 Neural signal acquisition systems255
- 8.9 Further reading260
- Chapter Nine. Image Analysis261
- 9.1 Digitisation of images262
- 9.2 Image acquisition devices267
- 9.3 Charge-coupled devices267
- 9.4 CCD readout architectures269
- 9.5 CCD performance270
- 9.6 Electronic cameras271
- 9.7 Analogue video signal formats272
- 9.8 Analogue video cameras274
- 9.9 Camera performance specifications274
- 9.10 Digitising analogue video signals276
- 9.11 Digital cameras278
- 9.12 Digital frame grabbers281
- 9.13 Scanners281
- 9.14 Confocal microscopy284
- 9.15 Image analysis286
- 9.16 Image calibration288
- 9.17 Image arithmetic290
- 9.18 Spatial filtering291
- 9.19 Image analysis software291
- 9.20 Analysis of moving images294
- 9.21 Three-dimensional imaging296
- 9.22 Further reading297
- Chapter Ten. Software Development299
- 10.1 Computer programs300
- 10.2 Assembler code300
- 10.3 Programming language features301
- 10.4 User interface design306
- 10.5 Software development tools308
- 10.6 Visual Basic308
- 10.7 Borland Delphi313
- 10.8 Visual C++315
- 10.9 Multiplatform software development317
- 10.10 Matlab317
- 10.11 LabVIEW321
- 10.12 Choosing a development system323
- 10.13 Further reading325
- References326
- Suppliers337
- Index341
The Laboratory Computer: A Practical Guide for Physiologists and Neuroscientists introduces the reader to both the basic principles and the actual practice of recording physiological signals using the computer.
It describes the basic operation of the computer, the types of transducers used to measure physical quantities such as temperature and pressure, how these signals are amplified and converted into digital form, and the mathematical analysis techniques that can then be applied. It is aimed at the physiologist or neuroscientist using modern computer data acquisition systems in the laboratory, providing both an understanding of how such systems work and a guide to their purchase and implementation.
Written by an expert in the field, the book presents:
· The key facts and concepts that are vital for the effective use of computer data acquisition systems;
· A unique overview of the commonly available laboratory hardware and software, including both commercial and free software;
· A practical guide to designing one's own or choosing commercial data acquisition hardware and software.
It describes the basic operation of the computer, the types of transducers used to measure physical quantities such as temperature and pressure, how these signals are amplified and converted into digital form, and the mathematical analysis techniques that can then be applied. It is aimed at the physiologist or neuroscientist using modern computer data acquisition systems in the laboratory, providing both an understanding of how such systems work and a guide to their purchase and implementation.
Written by an expert in the field, the book presents:
· The key facts and concepts that are vital for the effective use of computer data acquisition systems;
· A unique overview of the commonly available laboratory hardware and software, including both commercial and free software;
· A practical guide to designing one's own or choosing commercial data acquisition hardware and software.