The Psychology of Learning and Motivation
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Contributorsix
- Chapter 1. GOAL-BASED ACCESSIBILITY OF ENTITIES WITHIN SITUATION MODELS1
- I. Introduction1
- II. Activation Caused by Goal Relevance and Spatial Distance in Situation Models12
- III. Activation Caused by Goal Relevance, Spatial Distance, and Semantic Association16
- IV. Activation Caused by Active, Completed, and Postponed Goals18
- V. Delayed Effects of Active, Completed, and Postponed Goals21
- VI. The Time Course of Activation Caused by Active, Completed, and Postponed Goals23
- VII. General Discussion26
- References30
- Chapter 2. THE IMMERSED EXPERIENCER: TOWARD AN EMBODIED THEORY OF LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION35
- I. Introduction35
- II. Comparison with Other Frameworks37
- III. Components of the Comprehension Process38
- IV. Activation39
- V. Construal40
- VI. Integration46
- VII. Empirical Evidence Consistent with the IEF51
- VIII. Accounting for Propositional Findings55
- IX. Accounting for Abstract Language57
- X. Conclusions57
- References58
- Chapter 3. SPEECH ERRORS AND LANGUAGE PRODUCTION: NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND CONNECTIONIST PERSPECTIVES63
- I. Introduction63
- II. Speech Errors and Processing Levels in Production64
- III. Spreading Activation and Lexical-Phonological Feedback67
- IV. The Function-Content Distinction and Connectionist Learning Theory91
- V. Summary and Conclusions101
- References102
- Chapter 4. PSYCHOLINGUISTICALLY SPEAKING: SOME MATTERS OF MEANING, MARKING, AND MORPHING109
- I. Introduction109
- II. Reaching Agreement114
- III. Conclusions137
- References141
- Chapter 5. EXECUTIVE ATTENTION, WORKING MEMORY CAPACITY, AND A TWO-FACTOR THEORY OF COGNITIVE CONTRO145
- I. Introduction145
- II. The Measurement of WMC150
- III. Alternative Explanations of the WMC × Higher-Order Cognition Correlation156
- IV. Macroanalytic Studies of WMC: Its Generality and Relation to Other Constructs167
- V. Microanalytic Studies of WMC: Its Relation to Executive Attentional Control180
- VI. A Two-Factor Theory of Executive Control185
- VII. Implementation of WMC in the Brain190
- VIII. Conclusions192
- References193
- Chapter 6. RELATIONAL PERCEPTION AND COGNITION: IMPLICATIONS FOR COGNITIVE ARCHITECTURE AND THE PERC201
- I. Introduction201
- II. Bridging the Gaps: Relating Symbols to Neurons and Cognition to Perception202
- III. Relational Perception and Thinking203
- IV. From Images to Objects in Relations206
- V. Toward a Model of Scene Comprehension217
- VI. Conclusions222
- References223
- Chapter 7. AN EXEMPLAR MODEL FOR PERCEPTUAL CATEGORIZATION OF EVENTS227
- I. Introduction227
- II. Representation of Events229
- III. Similarity of Events231
- IV. Categorization of Events232
- V. Initial Tests of Event Similarity239
- VI. Trajectories as a Basis for Event Categorization247
- VII. Conclusions255
- References257
- Chapter 8. ON THE PERCEPTION OF CONSISTENCY261
- I. Introduction261
- II. The Statistical Argument263
- III. Experimental Evidence265
- IV. Summary and Implications283
- References284
- Chapter 9. CAUSAL INVARIANCE IN REASONING AND LEARNING287
- I. The Information Is in the Invariants287
- II. What Is a Cause?291
- III. Counterfactual and Probabilistic Judgment297
- IV. Language Use305
- V. Induction308
- VI. Learning312
- VII. Discussion320
- References320
- Index327
- Contents of Previous Volumes339
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work.