Turboexpanders and Process Applications
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsv
- Prefaceviii
- Chapter 1. Why and How Turboexpanders Are Applied1
- Turboexpanders for Energy Conversion2
- Turboexpander Applications3
- Power Recovery Turboexpanders4
- Power Absorption Methods8
- Turboexpander Qualities10
- Summary15
- Bibliography and Additional Reading17
- Chapter 2. Turboexpander Fundamentals19
- Basic Applications19
- Gas Path Equations and Analysis21
- Specific Cryogenic Applications30
- Future Applications33
- Statistical Aspects of Turboexpander Requirements33
- Radial Reaction versus Impulse Design35
- Efficiency and Sizing Calculations36
- Summary40
- Bibliography and Additional Reading41
- Chapter 3. Application of Cryogenic Turboexpanders42
- Methane (Natural Gas) Liquefaction42
- Ethylene Plant Expanders58
- Gas Treating Methods69
- Summary77
- Bibliography and Recommended Reading82
- Chapter 4. Application of Hot Gas Turboexpanders85
- Nitric Acid Plant Applications85
- Integrally Geared Process Gas Radial Turbines129
- Turboexpanders in Geothermal Applications136
- Turboexpander Applications in Catalytic Cracking Units141
- Microprocessor-based Turbomachinery Management Systems196
- Material Selection for Power Recovery Turbines233
- Turboexpander Testing243
- Solid Particle Erosion246
- Power Recovery and the Eddy Current Brake260
- Bibliography and Recommended Reading271
- Chapter 5. Specifying and Purchasing Turboexpanders273
- Cryogenic Expanders273
- Power Recovery Expanders for FCC Units in Main Air Blower or Generator Drive Service297
- Chapter 6. Special Features and Controls333
- Active Magnetic Beatings and Dry Gas Seals333
- Squeeze Film Dampers359
- Radial Fit Bolts370
- Controls373
- Bibliography and Additional Reading400
- Chapter 7. Turboexpander Protection and Upgrading401
- Maintenance Strategies401
- PRT Load Shedding Concerns403
- Rotor Dynamics and Vibration Analysis419
- Optimized/Reengineered Design and Economics428
- Nomenclature437
- Bibliography and Additional Reading439
- Chapter 8. Specific Applications and Case Histories440
- Case 1: Cryogenic Technology Helps Optimize Productivity440
- Case 2: Turboexpanders Installed at an Older Methanol Producing Plant Provide Major Energy Savings442
- Case 3: Manufacture of Copper and Molybdenum444
- Case 4: Nickel Smelter and Oxygen Production447
- Case 5: LNG Parallel Expanders448
- Case 6: New Gas Reservoir Production with Offshore Oil Site450
- Case 7: Natural Gas "Straddle" Pipeline Application452
- Case 8: A New H202 Plant Design455
- Case 9: Use of Magnetic Bearings by Norske Shell in an Onshore Application456
- Case 10: Gas Separation Plant in Thailand460
- Case 11: Ethylene Plant in Kuwait460
- Case 12: MTBE Plant in Texas462
- Case 13: More Energy for a Phenol Plant463
- Case 14: Improving FCC Expander Reliability Under Off-Design Conditions464
- Case 15: Generating Electricity from Excess Energy with a Letdown Gas Compressor471
- Case 16: The Use of Magnetic Bearings for Offshore Applications481
- Bibliography and Additional Reading483
- APPENDICES485
- INDEX498
Turboexpanders and Process Applications offers readers complete application criteria, functional parameters, and selection guidelines. This book is intended for the widest possible spectrum of engineering functions, including technical support, maintenance, operating, and managerial personnel in process plants, refineries, air liquefaction, natural gas separation, geothermal mining, and design contracting.
The text distinguishes between cryogenic turboexpanders that are used to recover power from extremely cold gases, and hot gas expanders that accomplish the same objective with gases reaching temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Fahrenheit. The authors have assembled in this book an optimum combination of process and mechanical technologies as they apply to turboexpanders.
A highly practical, well-illustrated, and up-to-date overview of turboexpander construction features
Appeals to a wide range of engineers
The text distinguishes between cryogenic turboexpanders that are used to recover power from extremely cold gases, and hot gas expanders that accomplish the same objective with gases reaching temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Fahrenheit. The authors have assembled in this book an optimum combination of process and mechanical technologies as they apply to turboexpanders.
A highly practical, well-illustrated, and up-to-date overview of turboexpander construction features
Appeals to a wide range of engineers