Understanding Digital Libraries
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Table of contents
- Cover
- Contentsvii
- Figuresxiii
- Tablesxix
- Figure Creditsxxi
- Prefacexxvii
- 1 Evolution of Libraries1
- 1.1 Why Digital Libraries?1
- 1.2 History of Libraries3
- 1.3 Vannevar Bush13
- 1.4 Computer Technology16
- 1.5 Early Language Processing23
- 1.6 The Internet and the Web25
- 1.7 Summary29
- 2 Text Documents31
- 2.1 Computer Typesetting32
- 2.2 Text Formats35
- 2.3 Ways of Searching39
- 2.4 Web Searching51
- 2.5 Thesauri52
- 2.6 Statistical Language Processing53
- 2.7 Document Conversion55
- 2.8 Summary59
- 3 Images of Pages61
- 3.1 Scanning62
- 3.2 Image Formats68
- 3.3 Display Requirements69
- 3.4 Indexing Images of Pages73
- 3.5 Shared Text/Image Systems77
- 3.6 Image Storage vs. Book Storage80
- 3.7 Large Scale Projects87
- 3.8 Summary88
- 4 Multimedia Storage and Retrieval91
- 4.1 Sound Formats: Vinyl, Tape, and CD91
- 4.2 Pictures: GIF and JPEG95
- 4.3 Color98
- 4.4 Image Search100
- 4.5 Automatic Speech Recognition105
- 4.6 Moving Images107
- 4.7 Summary115
- 5 Knowledge Representation Schemes117
- 5.1 Library Classi.cations119
- 5.2 Indexing: Words and Thesauri127
- 5.3 Metadata132
- 5.4 Knowledge Structures134
- 5.5 Hypertext137
- 5.6 Vector Models139
- 5.7 XML and the Semantic Web143
- 5.8 User-Provided Links148
- 5.9 Summary150
- 6 Distribution153
- 6.1 Books, CD-ROMs, and DVDs153
- 6.2 Computer Networks157
- 6.3 Information on the Internet165
- 6.4 Grid Computing168
- 6.5 Open Source and Proprietary Systems170
- 6.6 Handheld Devices172
- 6.7 Security and Cryptography174
- 6.8 Privacy181
- 6.9 Summary184
- 7 Usability and Retrieval Evaluation185
- 7.1 General Human Factors Considerations186
- 7.2 Text Displays: Fonts and Highlighting189
- 7.3 Image Displays and Compression Systems191
- 7.4 Web Page Graphics193
- 7.5 Interface Controls: Menus and Keywords195
- 7.6 Access Methods203
- 7.7 Retrieval Evaluation209
- 7.8 Page Ranking and Google213
- 7.9 Summary215
- 8 User Needs217
- 8.1 Overview217
- 8.2 User Services219
- 8.3 Acceptance in the Past: Why Not Micro.lm?220
- 8.4 Finding Library Materials221
- 8.5 Web Searching223
- 8.6 Performance Measurement226
- 8.7 Need for Quality228
- 8.8 Summary231
- 9 Collections and Preservations233
- 9.1 Traditional Paper Collections233
- 9.2 Traditional Preservation Problems: Acid Paper and Perfect Binding236
- 9.3 Digitizing Special Collections and Archives241
- 9.4 Preservation Through Sharing and Distribution245
- 9.5 New Materials and Their Durability248
- 9.6 Emulation as a Preservation Technique259
- 9.7 Summary260
- 10 Economics261
- 10.1 Library Bene.ts263
- 10.2 Traditional Economics and Economies of Scale266
- 10.3 Scholarly Publishing Today268
- 10.4 Models for Library Funding271
- 10.5 Access vs. Ownership278
- 10.6 Administrative Costs279
- 10.7 Electronic Commerce286
- 10.8 The dot-comŽ Boom and Bust289
- 10.9 The Future of Quality Information289
- 10.10 Summary291
- 11 Intellectual Property Rights293
- 11.1 History of Copyright Law295
- 11.2 History of Patent Law301
- 11.3 Access Regulation and Control305
- 11.4 Technology for Intellectual Property Protection307
- 11.5 Peer to Peer Systems316
- 11.6 Summary and Future Research319
- 12 A World Tour of Digital Libraries321
- 12.1 Information Policy, Not Industrial Policy321
- 12.2 Multilingual Issues324
- 12.3 Multicultural Issues326
- 12.4 Text-oriented Projects328
- 12.5 Images336
- 12.6 Sound and Music342
- 12.7 Video343
- 12.8 3-D Images346
- 12.9 Scholarship in Digital Libraries349
- 12.10 Scienti.c Data353
- 12.11 Access and Infrastructure357
- 12.12 Summary358
- 13 Scope of Digital Libraries361
- 13.1 Readers361
- 13.2 Authors363
- 13.3 Flow Control365
- 13.4 Education367
- 13.5 Science368
- 13.6 Technology and Creativity369
- 13.7 How Big Can They Get?371
- 13.8 Summary372
- 14 Future: Ubiquity, Diversity, Creativity, and Public Policy375
- 14.1 Dream to be Realized375
- 14.2 Future Roles in Information Handling378
- 14.3 Effect of Digital Technology on Universities380
- 14.4 Digital Libraries and Society381
- 14.5 Digital Libraries, Society, and Creativity382
- 14.6 Public Policy Questions384
- 14.7 Projections385
- References387
- Index413
This fully revised and updated second edition of Understanding Digital Libraries focuses on the challenges faced by both librarians and computer scientists in a field that has been dramatically altered by the growth of the Web.
At every turn, the goal is practical: to show you how things you might need to do are already being done, or how they can be done. The first part of the book is devoted to technology and examines issues such as varying media requirements, indexing and classification, networks and distribution, and presentation. The second part of the book is concerned with the human contexts in which digital libraries function. Here you’ll find specific and useful information on usability, preservation, scientific applications, and thorny legal and economic questions.
- Thoroughly updated and expanded from original edition to include recent research, case studies and new technologies
- For librarians and technologists alike, this book provides a thorough introduction to the interdisciplinary science of digital libraries
- Written by Michael Lesk, a legend in computer science and a leading figure in the digital library field.
- Provides insights into the integration of both the technical and non-technical aspects of digital libraries
At every turn, the goal is practical: to show you how things you might need to do are already being done, or how they can be done. The first part of the book is devoted to technology and examines issues such as varying media requirements, indexing and classification, networks and distribution, and presentation. The second part of the book is concerned with the human contexts in which digital libraries function. Here you’ll find specific and useful information on usability, preservation, scientific applications, and thorny legal and economic questions.
- Thoroughly updated and expanded from original edition to include recent research, case studies and new technologies
- For librarians and technologists alike, this book provides a thorough introduction to the interdisciplinary science of digital libraries
- Written by Michael Lesk, a legend in computer science and a leading figure in the digital library field.
- Provides insights into the integration of both the technical and non-technical aspects of digital libraries