Elsevier S & T

Veterinary Vaccines and Diagnostics

Dodds, W. Jean

In stock

No reviews

68.500 KD inc. VAT

License

perpetual

Table of contents

Contentsv
Contributorsxxv
Prefacexxxv
PART I: VACCINES AND DIAGNOSTICS: Historic and Contemporary Perspectivesv
Chapter 1. Vaccination: A Philosophical View1
I. Introduction1
II. Will There Be Vaccination in the Next Millenium?2
III. What Is the Future of Veterinary Vaccinology?4
IV. Vaccination in the Twenty-First Century5
V. Outlook6
Chapter 2. Grease, Anthraxgate, and Kennel Cough: A Revisionist History of Early Veterinary Vaccines7
I. Introduction7
II. The Origin of Vaccinia9
III. Anthraxgate: A Minor Nineteenth-Century Scandal11
IV. Early Canine Distemper Vaccines17
V. Summary22
References23
Chapter 3. Diagnostic Medicine: The Challenge of Differentiating Infection from Disease and Making S25
I. Introduction25
II. Differentiating Infection Detection from Disease Diagnosis26
III. How Early Do We Want to Detect Infection?31
IV. What Are the Consequences of the Results?32
V. Where Are We Heading with Veterinary Diagnostics?34
References36
PART II: CONCEPTS IN IMMUNOLOGY AND VACCINOLOGY38a
Chapter 4. Genetic Effects on Vaccination39
I. Introduction39
II. Genetic Effects on Health and Vaccination40
III. Strategies for Genetic Enhancement of Health41
IV. High Immune Response Phenotype44
V. Discussion and Summary48
References50
Chapter 5. Nutritional Effects on Vaccination53
I. Vaccination Cost to Performance53
II. Biochemical Mechanisms in Immune-Induced Wasting54
III. Conjugated Linoleic Acid55
IV. Cholecystokinin and Immune-Induced Anorexia56
V. Summary57
References57
Chapter 6. Effects of Stress on Leukocyte Trafficking and Immune Responses: Implications for Vaccina61
I. Introduction61
II. Leukocyte Trafficking65
III. Effects of Stress on Immunity70
IV. Summary74
References74
Chapter 7. Role of Macrophage Cytokines in Mucosal Adjuvanticity83
I. Introduction83
II. Mucosal Adjuvanticity of Cholera Toxin84
III. Mechanisms of Mucosal Adjuvanticity92
IV. Summary98
References99
Chapter 8. Cholera Toxin B Subunit as an Immunomodulator for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery105
I. Introduction105
II. Responses to Mucosal Immunization with SBR-CTA2/B106
III. Responses to Mucosal Immunization with Salmonella Expressing SBR-CTA2/B108
IV. Discussion and Summary110
References112
Chapter 9. Deceptive Imprinting: Insights into Mechanisms of Immune Evasion and Vaccine Development115
I. Introduction and Background115
II. Deceptive Imprinting117
III. Refocusing the Immune Response by Masking Epitopes Responsible for Deceptive Imprinting: Novel129
References130
Chapter 10. Vaccination against Tuberculosis: Recent Progress135
I. Introduction135
II. Acquired Immunity and Memory Immunity to Tuberculosis Infection136
III. Types of Vaccines138
IV. Can We Increase Herd Resistance to Bovine Tuberculosis?141
References141
Chapter 11. Viral Vectors for Veterinary Vaccines145
I. Introduction and Background145
II. Viral Vector Construction147
III. Advantages and Disadvantages of Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery148
IV. Construction of Safer Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery149
V. Examples of Reported Viral Veterinary Vaccine Vectors151
VI. Commercially Available Viral Vaccine Vectors for Veterinary Use151
VII. Summary153
References155
Chapter 12. DNA Immunization: Present and Future163
I. Introduction163
II. Universality of DNA Immunization164
III. Induction of Immunity166
IV. Role of Different Antibodies in Clearing Viruses168
V. Vaccine Delivery169
VI. DNA Immunization in the Face of Passive Antibody171
VII. Regulatory172
VIII. Epilogue174
References176
Chapter 13. Contribution of Advances in Immunology to Vaccine Development181
I. Introduction181
II. Advances in Immunology Relevant to Vaccine Development182
III. Mechanisms of Immune Protection against Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus187
IV. Summary192
References192
PART III: BOVINE VACCINES AND DIAGNOSTICS196
Chapter 14. Bovine Viral Vaccines, Diagnostics, and Eradication: Past, Present, and Future197
I. Introduction197
II. Foot-and-Mouth Disease198
III. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis201
IV. Bovine Virus Diarrhea207
V. Posteradication Period210
References211
Chapter 15. Immunization and Diagnosis in Bovine Reproductive Tract Infections217
I. Introduction and Background217
II. Brucella abortus Infection218
III. Haemophilus somnus Infection219
IV. Campylobacter fetus subsp: venerealis Infection221
V. Tritrichomonas foetus Infection224
VI. Summary and Future Directions232
References233
Chapter 16. Progress and Expectations for Helminth Vaccines241
I. Introduction241
II. Vaccination Using Defined Parasite Antigens242
III. Vaccine-Induced Immune Responses245
IV. Simulation Models for Host-Parasite Population Dynamics247
V. Host-Immunity and Population Dynamics of Gastrointestinal Nematode Infections250
VI. Development of a Simple Model for Vaccination against Haemonchus251
VII. Summary253
References254
Chapter 17. Vaccines and Diagnostic Methods for Bovine Mastitis: Fact and Fiction257
I. Introduction257
II. Vaccines for Contagious Pathogens258
III. Vaccines for Environmental Mastitis Pathogens263
IV. Diagnostic Methods267
V. Summary268
References269
Chapter 18. T-Cell Responses and the Influence of Dendritic Cells in Cattle275
I. Introduction275
II. Identification of the Major T-Cell Subpopulations in Cattle276
III. Role of Different T-Cell Populations in Vivo276
IV. Identification of Subpopulations of CD4 and CD8 T Cells That Differ in Function278
V. Activation Requirements and Function of γδ T Cells282
VI. T-Cell Responses Induced by Dendritic Cells284
References285
PART IV: CANINE AND FELINE VACCINES288a
Chapter 19. Canine Viral Vaccines at a Turning Point„A Personal Perspective289
I. General Remarks289
II. Veterinary Vaccines292
III. Comments on Selected Vaccines293
IV. Summary302
References305
Chapter 20. Forty Years of Canine Vaccination309
I. Introduction309
II. Rabies Virus311
III. Canine Distemper Virus311
IV. Canine Parvovirus312
V. Canine Coronavirus313
VI. Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (Infectious Canine Hepatitis Virus)314
VII. Canine Adenovirus Type 2314
VIII. Canine Parainfluenza Virus315
IX. Bordetella bronchisptica315
X. Borrelia burgdorferi316
XI. Leptospirosis317
XII. Summary318
References319
Chapter 21. Analysis of the Protective Immunity Induced by Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccination325
I. Introduction and Background325
II. Whole Inactivated Virus Vaccines326
III. Subunit Vaccines328
IV. DNA Vaccination329
References331
Chapter 22. Vaccination of Cats against Emerging and Reemerging Zoonotic Pathogens333
I. Introduction333
II. Toxoplasma gondii336
III. Bartonell a henselae338
IV. Helicobacter pylori341
V. Other Agents341
VI. Summary342
References343
Chapter 23. Evaluation of Risks and Benefits Associated with Vaccination against Coronavirus Infecti347
I. Historical Perspectives of FIP347
II. Current Status of FIP348
III. Causative Agent of FIP348
IV. Pathogenesis of Feline Coronavirus Infections349
V. Immunology of Feline Coronavirus Infections350
VI. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement351
VII. FIP Vaccine351
VIII. Risks of FIP Vaccination352
IX. Benefits of FIP Vaccination353
References356
PART V: EQUINE VACCINES AND DIAGNOSTICS358a
Chapter 24. Diagnosis and Prevention of Equine Infectious Diseases: Present Status, Potential, and C359
I. Introduction359
II. Viral Diseases360
III. Bacterial Diseases368
IV. Other Viral and Bacterial Diseases371
V. Summary372
References373
Chapter 25. The Equine Influenza Surveillance Program379
I. Introduction379
II. 1983: WHO Informal Workshop on Vaccination against Equine Influenza380
III. 1992: WHO/OIE Consultation on Newly Emerging Strains of Equine Influenza381
IV. 1995: Consultation of OIE and WHO Experts on Progress in Surveillance of Equine Influenza and Ap382
V. 1996: Actions Taken by the OIE383
VI. Findings of the Expert Surveillance Panel384
VII. Action Taken by the European Pharmacopoeia385
VIII. Actions Taken by the Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products385
IX. Actions Taken by the National Institute of Biological Standardization and Control386
X. Action Taken by the USDA386
References387
Chapter 26. Vaccination against Strongylus vulgaris in Ponies: Comparison of the Humoral and Cytokin389
I. Introduction390
II. Methods391
III. Results395
IV. Discussion397
References402
Chapter 27. ISCOM: A Delivery System for Neonates and for Mucosal Administration405
I. Introduction: Immune Stimulating Complex405
II. The ISCOM Concept406
III. Formation of ISCOM406
IV. Antigen Presentation and Targeting by ISCOMs407
V. Adjuvant Influences on the Transport of Antigen408
VI. Adjuvants and Delivery Systems for Induction of Mucosal Immunity409
VII. ISCOMs Induce a Cytokine Thl Type Response But Also Th2410
VIII. Antigens Loaded in ISCOMs Induce Immune Response in Neonates410
IX. Protective Immunity411
References412
Chapter 28. An Epidemiologic Approach to Evaluating the Importance of Immunoprophylaxis415
PART VI: SWINE VACCINES418
Chapter 29. Present Uses of and Experiences with Swine Vaccines419
I. Introduction419
II. Material421
III. Results422
IV. Discussion425
References427
Chapter 30. Enteric Viral Infections of Pigs and Strategies for Induction of Mucosal Immunity429
I. Introduction and Background429
II. Characteristics of Enteropathogenic Viruses430
III. Mucosal Immunity to Enteropathogenic Viruses434
References442
Chapter 31. Use of Interleukin 12 to Enhance the Cellular Immune Response of Swine to an Inactivated447
I. Introduction447
II. Cytokines as Vaccine Adjuvants448
III. Interleukin 12 and Its Ability to Modulate Acquired Immunity449
IV. Porcine Model to Examine the Adjuvant Effect of Interleukin 12451
V. Immune Mechanism(s) of Protective Immunity against Herpesvirus452
VI. Interleukin 12-Mediated Enhancement of the Cell-Mediated Immune Response to an Inactivated PrV V455
VII. Summary and Conclusion456
References458
Chapter 32. Swinepox Virus as a Vaccine Vector for Swine Pathogens463
I. Introduction463
II. Conventional Vaccines465
III. Recombinant Virus Vectored Vaccines467
IV. Summary476
References477
PART VII: POULTRY VACCINES480a
Chapter 33. Introduction to Poultry Vaccines and Immunity481
I. Introduction481
II. Disease Prevention by Vaccination482
III. Vaccination Programs484
IV. Vaccine Delivery485
V. New Developments in Poultry Vaccines486
VI. General Features of the Avian Immune System487
VII. Humoral Immunity488
VIII. Cell-Mediated Immunity489
IX. Summary490
References490
Chapter 34. In Ovo Vaccination Technology495
I. Introduction495
II. Technology Discovery496
III. Commercialization of In Ovo Marek's (HVT/SB1) Vaccination497
IV. Commercialization of Other In Ovo Live Viral Vaccines503
V. Maternal Antibody Effects on Viral Vaccine Efficacy505
VI. Safe and Effective Vaccination in Presence of Maternal Antibodies506
VII. Bacterial Vaccines511
VIII. Coccidial Vaccines512
IX. Summary512
References513
Chapter 35. Current and Future Recombinant Viral Vaccines for Poultry517
I. Introduction and Background517
II. Virus Vectors517
III. Future Recombinant Vaccines for Poultry519
IV. Summary521
References522
PART VIII: FISH, EXOTIC, AND WILDLIFE VACCINES522a
Chapter 36.Development and Use of Modified Live Edwardsiella ictaluri Vaccine against Enteric Septic523
I. Introduction523
II. Materials and Methods525
III. Results527
IV. Discussion532
V. Summary534
References535
Chapter 37. Fish Vaccines539
I. Introduction539
II. Immunization Methods in Fish541
III. Benefit of Using Vaccine542
IV. Vaccines against Some Specific Diseases543
V. Summary549
References550
Chapter 38. Cross-Species Vaccination in Wild and Exotic Animals551
I. Introduction551
II. Canine Distemper Virus551
III. Clostridium botulinum Type C553
IV. Summary555
References555
Chapter 39. Some Experiments and Field Observations of Distemper in Mink and Ferrets557
I. Introduction557
II. Vaccines558
III. Routes of Vaccination562
IV. Maternal Antibody and Vaccination562
V. Vaccination of Pregnant Female Mink563
VI. Transplacental and Neonatal Attempts to Immunize Ferrets against CDV564
VII. Time Interval Required to Infect Ferrets by Direct Contact564
VIII. Experimental Epidemiology565
IX. Future Research567
References568
Chapter 40. Vaccination of Wildlife against Rabies: Successful Use of a Vectored Vaccine Obtained by571
I. Introduction and Background571
II. Raboral V-RG: A Rabies Vaccine Created by Recombinant Technology572
III. USDA Testing of Recombinant Vaccines573
IV. Controlling Raccoon Rabies576
V. Rabies in Texas: Coyotes and Gray Foxes580
VI. Summary581
References582
PART IX: REGULATION, LICENSING, AND STANDARDIZATION OF VACCINES AND DIAGNOSTICS584
Chapter 41. Authorities and Procedures for Licensing Veterinary Biological Products in the United St585
I. Introduction585
II. Organization586
III. Licensing Procedures for Conventional Vaccines and Bacterins587
IV. Licensing Procedures for Nonconventional Products590
V. Conditional Licenses591
VI. Licenses for Further Manufacture591
VII. Sublicensing592
VIII. Exemptions to Licensure592
IX. Autogenous Products592
X. Summary593
Reference593
Chapter 42. Licensing Procedures for Immunological Veterinary Medicinal Products in the European Uni595
I. Introduction595
II. Role of the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products596
III. Available European Procedures597
IV. New Definitions of Veterinary Biologicals598
V. Revision-Validation of Vaccines Already on the Market600
VI. Manufacturing Authorization601
VII. Batch Control/Release602
VIII. Special Case of Equine Influenza Vaccines602
IX. Role of the European Pharmacopoeia604
X. Summary607
References607
Chapter 43. International Association of Biological Standardization and International Harmonization609
I. introduction609
II. Introducing the IABS610
III. A Case Study: Report of the Avian Products Standardization Committee (March 1979)612
Chapter 43.Technical Requirements for the Licensing of Pseudorabies (Aujeszky's Disease) Vaccines in615
I. Introduction615
II. Safety Testing616
III. Efficacy Testing620
IV. Batch Release Controls624
V. Summary624
References625
Chapter 44. Specific Licensing Considerations for Modified Live Pseudorabies Vaccines in the United627
I. Introduction627
II. Licensing Considerations628
Reference632
Chapter 45. Why Do Vaccine Labels Say the Funny Things They Do?633
I. Introduction633
II. Vaccine Label Expectations634
III. Vaccine Label Reality634
IV. Recommendations for Standardization Improvements640
Chapter 46. Standardization of Diagnostic Assays for Animal Acute Phase Proteins643
I. Introduction and Background643
II. Acute Phase Protein in Animals645
III. Methods of Acute Phase Protein Assay647
IV. Standardization of Acute Phase Protein Assays649
References653
Chapter 47. Vaccination Practices in Veterinary Medicine: Standardization versus Tailored to Needs?657
I. Introduction657
II. Can We Standardize Vaccination Practices?658
III. Are We Vaccinating Too Much?662
IV. Consequences for the Animal Health Industry665
V. Summary668
Chapter 48. International Harmonization of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines: Role of the669
I. Introduction669
II. Organization and Structure670
III. Specialist Commissions672
IV. Standards Commission672
V. Summary677
References679
PART X: ADVERSE VACCINE REACTIONS, FAILURES, AND POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE680
Chapter 49. Mechanistic Bases for Adverse Vaccine Reactions and Vaccine Failures681
I. Introduction682
II. Adverse Vaccine Reactions684
III. Vaccine Failure691
IV. Summary696
References696
Chapter 50. Weighing the Risks and Benefits of Vaccination701
I. Defining the Problem701
II. Vaccine Risk Assessment702
III. Current Sources of Data on Adverse Reactions703
IV. Suggested Improvements in Postmarketing Surveillance706
V. Risk Management and Risk Communication709
VI. Summary710
References712
Chapter 51. More Bumps on the Vaccine Road715
I. Introduction and Background715
II. Overview of Adverse Effects of Vaccines716
III. Breed Study Examples719
IV. Periodicity of Booster Vaccination724
V. Alternative Strategies to Conventional Vaccination727
VI. Summary and Future Directions729
References729
Chapter 52. Vaccine-Induced Autoimmunity in the Dog733
I. Introduction733
II. Materials and Methods735
III. Results737
IV. Discussion740
References745
Chapter 53. An Introduction to Analytical Methods for the Postmarketing Surveillance of Veterinary V749
I. Introduction749
II. Postmarketing Surveillance and Public Policy750
III. Postmarketing Surveillance Datum751
IV. Fathoming Spontaneous Adverse Event Report Data754
V. Quantitative Analysis of Adverse Event Report Data758
VI. Summary769
References773
Index775

Book details

Vendor Elsevier S & T
SKU 9780120392421
ISBN-13 9780080526836
Author Dodds, W. Jean
Category Science
Subject General

Do you have questions about this book?

Ask an expert!

This volume of Advances in Veterinary Medicine, derived in part from the First Veterinary Vaccines and Diagnostic Conferences, deals with vaccines, an especially active area of veterinary research and controversy.

Instant delivery by email
Your access email arrives within minutes of checkout, with a sign-in link for each book — no shipping, no waiting.

Read on any device
Books open in VitalSource Bookshelf on your phone, tablet, or computer, online or offline. Your library is always available at aafaq.vitalsource.com — just log in with the email you used at checkout.

Lost the email?
Resend it to yourself in seconds from My eBook orders, or email cs@aafaqeducation.com and we'll help.