Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks: Technologies, Analysis and Design
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Table of contents
- Contentsv
- List of figuresx
- List of tablesxviii
- Prefacexix
- About the authorsxxiv
- List of acronymsxxv
- Chapter 1 Introduction1
- 1.1 Introduction1
- 1.2 What is a WSAN?1
- 1.2.1 Single-sink single-hop wireless sensor network (WSN)2
- 1.2.2 Single-sink multi-hop WSN3
- 1.2.3 Multi-sink multi-hop WSN3
- 1.2.4 The presence of actuators4
- 1.2.5 The nodes' architecture5
- 1.3 Main features of WSANs6
- 1.4 Practical issues of WSANs related to energy management7
- 1.5 Current and future research on WSANs9
- Part 1 Fundamentals of WSANs design13
- Chapter 2 Applications of WSANs15
- 2.1 Application areas and scenarios16
- 2.2 Event detection and spatial and time random process estimation32
- 2.3 The hybrid hierarchical architecture37
- Chapter 3 Channel Modelling44
- 3.1 Introduction44
- 3.2 Basics of electromagnetic propagation45
- 3.3 Experimental activity aimed at modelling the wireless channel at 2.4 GHz for WSANs48
- 3.4 Ultrawide bandwidth channel models59
- Chapter 4 Connectivity and Coverage65
- 4.1 Introduction65
- 4.2 Connectivity in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks65
- 4.3 Link connectivity67
- 4.4 Single-hop link connectivity in WSNs69
- 4.5 Multi-hop link connectivity in WSNs71
- 4.6 Characterization of the interference76
- 4.7 Network connectivity84
- 4.8 Network connectivity for WSANs101
- 4.9 Alternate models for network connectivity107
- 4.10 Coverage vs energy efficiency111
- 4.11 Further reading113
- Chapter 5 Network Lifetime114
- 5.1 Definition of node lifetime114
- 5.2 Definitions of network lifetime115
- 5.3 Communication protocols and network lifetime: How to choose117
- 5.4 Some numerical examples117
- Chapter 6 Technologies for WSANs125
- 6.1 ZigBee technology125
- 6.2 Ultrawide bandwidth technology135
- 6.3 Bluetooth technology143
- 6.4 Comparison among technologies158
- Part 2 Communication protocols, localization and signal processing techniques for WSANs161
- Chapter 7 Communication Protocols for WSANs163
- 7.1 Introduction163
- 7.2 MAC protocols163
- 7.3 Routing protocols173
- Chapter 8 Localization and Time Synchronization Techniques for WSANs194
- 8.1 Introduction194
- 8.2 Time measurements195
- 8.3 Distance measurements (ranging)196
- 8.4 Position estimation210
- 8.5 Anchor-free localization222
- 8.6 Position tracking224
- 8.7 Time synchronization225
- Chapter 9 Signal Processing and Data Fusion Techniques for WSANs231
- 9.1 Distributed detection232
- 9.2 Distributed scalar field estimation243
- 9.3 Compression techniques for WSNs264
- 9.4 A possible classification of signal processing techniques for WSNs268
- Part 3 From theory to practice: case studies277
- Chapter 10 From Theory to Practice: Case Studies279
- 10.1 The EYES project279
- 10.2 The ambient network project289
- 10.3 Wireless lamp control system293
- 10.4 Experimental multiuser indoor localization platform based on WSN295
- 10.5 A positioning test-bed using UWB devices309
- 10.6 Development of a multi-hop IEEE 802.15.4 network314
- Bibliography334
- Index353
- A353
- B353
- C353
- D355
- E355
- F356
- G356
- H356
- I357
- L357
- M357
- N358
- O359
- P359
- R359
- S360
- T361
- U361
- V362
- W362
- Z362
When choosing the technology options to develop a wireless sensor network (WSN), it is vital that their performance levels can be assessed for the type of application intended. This book describes the different technology options – MAC protocols, routing protocols, localisation and data fusion techniques – and provides the means to numerically measure their performance, whether by simulation, mathematical models or experimental test beds. Case studies, based on the authors’ direct experience of implementing wireless sensor networks, describe the design methodology and the type of measurements used, together with samples of the performance measurements attained.
The book will enable you to answer vital questions such as:
* How long will my network remain alive given the amount of sensing required of it?
* For how long should I set the sleeping state of my motes?
* How many sensors should I distribute to meet the expected requirements of the application?
* What type of throughput should I expect as a function of the number of nodes deployed and the radio interface chosen (whether it be Bluetooth or Zigbee)?
* How is the Packet Error Rate of my Zigbee motes affected by the selection of adjacent frequency sub bands in the ISM 2.4GHz band?
* How is the localisation precision dependant on the number of nodes deployed in a corridor?
Communications and signal processing engineers, researchers and graduate students working in wireless sensor networks will find this book an invaluable practical guide to this important technology.
"This book gives a proper balance between theory and application; it is a book for those R&D engineers that want to appreciate both why, how and in which domains Wireless Sensor Networks can be best applied." - Fabio Bellifemine, Telecom Italia
"This book is a thorough and accessible exposition on wireless sensor networks with a good balance between theory and practice; it is valuable for both students and practicing engineers, and is an essential addition for engineering libraries." - Professor Moe Win, Associate Professor at the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
*Only book to examine wireless sensor network technologies and assess their performance capabilities against possible applications
*Enables the engineer to choose the technology that will give the best performance for the intended application
*Case studies, based on the authors’ direct experience of implementing wireless sensor networks, describe the design methodology and the type of measurements used, together with samples of the performance measurements attained
The book will enable you to answer vital questions such as:
* How long will my network remain alive given the amount of sensing required of it?
* For how long should I set the sleeping state of my motes?
* How many sensors should I distribute to meet the expected requirements of the application?
* What type of throughput should I expect as a function of the number of nodes deployed and the radio interface chosen (whether it be Bluetooth or Zigbee)?
* How is the Packet Error Rate of my Zigbee motes affected by the selection of adjacent frequency sub bands in the ISM 2.4GHz band?
* How is the localisation precision dependant on the number of nodes deployed in a corridor?
Communications and signal processing engineers, researchers and graduate students working in wireless sensor networks will find this book an invaluable practical guide to this important technology.
"This book gives a proper balance between theory and application; it is a book for those R&D engineers that want to appreciate both why, how and in which domains Wireless Sensor Networks can be best applied." - Fabio Bellifemine, Telecom Italia
"This book is a thorough and accessible exposition on wireless sensor networks with a good balance between theory and practice; it is valuable for both students and practicing engineers, and is an essential addition for engineering libraries." - Professor Moe Win, Associate Professor at the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology
*Only book to examine wireless sensor network technologies and assess their performance capabilities against possible applications
*Enables the engineer to choose the technology that will give the best performance for the intended application
*Case studies, based on the authors’ direct experience of implementing wireless sensor networks, describe the design methodology and the type of measurements used, together with samples of the performance measurements attained