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Table of contents
- Contentsv
- Contributorsvii
- Long Abstractxi
- Introduction: Written Documents in the Workplacexiii
- Section 1: Defining Professional Documents1
- Chapter 1. Linguistic Markers of Lexical and Textual Relations in Technical Documents3
- 1 Using Linguistic Markers to Build Terminologies for the Management of Technical Documents4
- 2 Three Levels of Text Organisation in Technical Documents: Models and Markers9
- 3 Technical Documents in the Workplace: From Linguistic Analysis to Document Engineering14
- Chapter 2. The Design, Understanding and Usage of Pictograms17
- 1 Common Definitions and Uses of Pictograms18
- 2 Understanding Pictograms19
- 3 Theoretical Basis for Understanding Pictograms23
- 4 Typological of Pictograms for Evaluation and Design27
- 5 Conclusion: Ergonomic Recommendations for Conception of Pictograms29
- Chapter 3. Readability and Intelligibility of Procedural Texts: The Case of Enumeration in Legal Tex33
- 1 Introduction33
- 2 Configurational Markers34
- 3 Architectural Predicates34
- 4 Textual Organization and Textual Meaning35
- 5 Procedural Texts and Language Acts35
- 6 Readability and Vertical Enumeration37
- 7 A Tool of Textual Cohesion37
- 8 Discontinuous Readability or Continuous Readability?38
- 9 Intelligibility and Vertical Enumeration39
- 10 Emergence of the Intelligibility of an Enumeration in Legal Text40
- 11 Cohesion in Enumerations: Some Examples from a Legal Text41
- 12 Expression of Logical Links in Legal Text43
- 13 Other Markers with Analytical Function44
- 14 Genre Restraints and Situational Restraints44
- 15 Conclusion45
- Section 2: Composing Documents47
- Chapter 4. Considering Users and the Way They Use Procedural Texts: Some Prerequisites for the Desig49
- 1 Introduction49
- 2 The Use of Procedural Documents: An Interweaving of Four Dimensions50
- 3 Procedural Documents: Problems in Usage56
- 4 The Development of Documents Corresponding to Users’ Needs58
- 5 Conclusion: Toward a Creation Process Combining Feedforward and Feedback Approaches59
- Chapter 5. Highly Effective Writers and the Role of Reading: A Cognitive Approach to Composing in Pr61
- 1 Introduction61
- 2 Reading in Current Models of Writing62
- 3 Reading in Knowledge Transforming63
- 4 Reading for Writing and Memory65
- 5 Reading When Composing from Sources69
- 6 Reading for Revising71
- 7 Conclusion73
- Chapter 6. Professional Editing: Emphasis on the Quality of a Text and its Communicative Effectivene75
- 1 Introduction75
- 2 The Professional Editor’s Task76
- 3 Work on the Text78
- 4 Physical Environment81
- 5 Reading and Problem-Solving Strategies82
- 6 Pace of Work and Quantity of Modifications84
- 7 Writing Operations and Target Units of Text84
- 8 Word Processing in the Work Process of Experienced Editors85
- 9 Implications for the Teaching of Editing89
- 10 Conclusion92
- Chapter 7. Procedural Texts Written by Children95
- 1 Characteristics of Procedural Texts96
- 2 Developmental Issues in the Acquisition of Procedural Knowledge96
- 3 Children’s Production of Procedural Texts100
- 4 Concluding Remarks105
- Chapter 8. Developing an Online Writing Tutor to Improve Technical-Writing Skills in Engineering and107
- 1 Judgment Training108
- 2 Comparing Judgment Training Methods110
- 3 The Tutor113
- 4 A Typical Module: Addressing a General Audience114
- 5 Early Lessons Learned From Assessment116
- 6 Various Ways in Which the Tutor May be Used123
- 7 Who can Benefit?123
- Chapter 9. The Implications of Blogs for Professional Writing: Speed, Reach, Engagement, and the Art125
- 1 Defining Blogs126
- 2 Situating Blogs in the Context of the Participatory Web127
- 3 Implications for Businesses and Professional Writing133
- 4 Conclusion137
- Chapter 10. The Production of Work Instructions in an Industrial Workplace: The Impact of a Function139
- 1 Research Problematics139
- 2 An Analysis of the Overall Work Context (Meta-Context) Governing a Functional Writer and His Work142
- 3 Conclusion154
- Acknowledgements157
- Section 3: Understanding Documents159
- Chapter 11. Situation Models and Their Role in Comprehension: The Need to Study Their Internal Struc161
- 1 The Internal ObjectsŽ of Situation Models163
- 2 Relations among Objects in Situation Models168
- 3 Conclusion174
- Chapter 12. The Effects of Interaction with the Device and Text Structure on the Mental Representati177
- 1 Task Orientation178
- 2 The Impact of Text Structure182
- 3 Text Structure and Task Orientation: Material-Processing Interactions188
- 4 Conclusion190
- Chapter 13. Comprehension Processes in Translation193
- 1 Introduction193
- 2 Varieties of Translation and Theoretical Perspectives194
- 3 Comprehension in Translation197
- 4 Conclusions202
- Acknowledgments204
- Chapter 14. How Reading Strategies Affect the Comprehension of Texts in Hypertext Systems205
- 1 Introduction205
- 2 Cognitive Tasks Involved in Hypertext Use206
- 3 The Effect of Reading Strategies on Reading Comprehension in Hypertext Systems209
- 4 What Determines Reading and Navigational Strategies?213
- Chapter 15. Task-Guidance Systems and Procedure Context: Enabling Procedures to Enhance Worker Perfo217
- 1 Procedures217
- 2 Task Guidance Systems218
- 3 Procedure Context224
- 4 Conclusion229
- Acknowledgments230
- Chapter 16. Animated Documentation: A Way of Comprehending Complex Procedural Tasks?231
- 1 From Documentation to Mental Models232
- 2 External and Internal Representation233
- 3 Text and Illustrations234
- 4 Animated versus Traditional Documentation236
- 5 Processing of Animations237
- 6 Consequences of Animation’s Processing Demands237
- 7 User Controllable Animation238
- 8 Animation with Verbal Information239
- 9 Realism in Animation240
- 10 Animated Documentation: Fantasy or Frontier?241
- Chapter 17. The Impact of Cognitively Based Design of Expository Multimedia243
- 1 Introduction243
- 2 Characterization of Causal and Dynamic Systems244
- 3 Example: An Everyday Device245
- 4 Difficulties in Comprehending Causal and Dynamic Systems247
- 5 A Cognitive Process Model of Comprehending Causal and Dynamic Systems249
- 6 Designing Multimedia Explanations of Causal and Dynamic Systems251
- 7 Conclusion258
- Acknowledgments259
- References261
- Author Index297
- Subject Index309
Book details
- Vendor Elsevier S & T
- SKU 9780080474878
- ISBN-13 9780080553757
Do you have questions about this book?
Divided into three parts, the first of which provides a linguistic definition of professional documents, describing their different types and genres. This definition necessarily takes into account both the formal characteristics of these types of document (e.g. nature of linguistic units involved) and their functional goals (the way these linguistic units are used to fulfill the text's communicative aim). The second part focuses on the mental mechanisms involved in written production in the workplace. One of the aims of a professional writer is to compose a text which can be understood. Text composition involves specific processes and strategies that can be enhanced. One way of doing this is to give the writer suitable instructions, while another is to provide him/her with a suitable writing environment. This last aspect leads us to devote the third and final section to the comprehension of written documents in the workplace. Awareness of the strategies implemented by different readers (with more or less domain expertise) in order to understand technical and professional documents can enhance the latter's readability.
*Contributions from linguists, psychologists and ergonomists from various countries ensure international scope and comprehensiveness
*Bridges the gap between fundamental research into writing and reading and the issue of the efficiency of written communication in the workplace
*Enables better content creation for professional writers
*Contributions from linguists, psychologists and ergonomists from various countries ensure international scope and comprehensiveness
*Bridges the gap between fundamental research into writing and reading and the issue of the efficiency of written communication in the workplace
*Enables better content creation for professional writers
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